PIGA

Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A (PIG-A, or phosphatidylinositol glycan, class A) is the catalytic subunit of the phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase enzyme, which in humans is encoded by the PIGA gene.[5][6]

PIGA
Identifiers
AliasesPIGA, GPI3, MCAHS2, PIG-A, PNH1, phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A, NEDEPH
External IDsOMIM: 311770 MGI: 99461 HomoloGene: 1982 GeneCards: PIGA
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

5277

18700

Ensembl

ENSG00000165195

ENSMUSG00000031381

UniProt

P37287

Q64323

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002641
NM_020472
NM_020473

NM_011081

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002632
NP_065206

NP_035211

Location (UCSC)Chr X: 15.32 – 15.34 MbChr X: 163.2 – 163.22 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a protein required for synthesis of N-acetylglucosaminyl phosphatidylinositol (GlcNAc-PI), the first intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of GPI anchor. The GPI anchor is a glycolipid found on many blood cells and serves to anchor proteins to the cell surface. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, an acquired hematologic disorder, has been shown to result from somatic mutations in this gene. Alternate splice variants have been characterized.[6]

Multiple Congenital Anomalies-Hypotonia-Seizures syndrome type 2 (MCAHS2), also known as PIGA-CDG or PIGA deficiency, has been shown to result from germline mutations in the PIGA gene.[7]

Interactions

PIGA has been shown for interact with PIGQ.[8]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165195 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031381 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Takeda J, Miyata T, Kawagoe K, Iida Y, Endo Y, Fujita T, Takahashi M, Kitani T, Kinoshita T (Jun 1993). "Deficiency of the GPI anchor caused by a somatic mutation of the PIG-A gene in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria". Cell. 73 (4): 703–11. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90250-T. PMID 8500164. S2CID 22122559.
  6. "Entrez Gene: PIGA phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class A (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)".
  7. "OMIM Entry 311770 - PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL GLYCAN ANCHOR BIOSYNTHESIS CLASS A PROTEIN; PIGA". www.omim.org. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  8. Watanabe, R; Inoue N; Westfall B; Taron C H; Orlean P; Takeda J; Kinoshita T (Feb 1998). "The first step of glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis is mediated by a complex of PIG-A, PIG-H, PIG-C and GPI1". EMBO J. 17 (4): 877–85. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.4.877. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1170437. PMID 9463366.

Further reading

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