Sodium tetrachloroaurate

Sodium tetrachloroaurate
	; __ Na+ __ Au3+ __ Cl−
Names
	IUPAC name Sodium tetrachloroaurate (III)
	Other names Sodium gold chloride, yellow gold chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	(anhydrous), 13874-02-7 (dihyrate) 15189-51-2 (anhydrous), 13874-02-7 (dihyrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	25247;
ECHA InfoCard	100.035.659
EC Number	239-241-3;
PubChem CID	27127;
UNII	7FT6QUT299 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20934358 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Au.4ClH.Na/h;4*1H;/q+3;;;;;+1/p-4;
	SMILES [Na+].Cl[Au-](Cl)(Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	NaAuCl4
Molar mass	361.756 g/mol
Appearance	Orange powder
Density	3.81 g cm−3[2]
Solubility in water	anhydrous: 139g/100ml (10°C) 151g/100ml (20°C) 900g/100ml (60°C) [3]
Solubility	Sparingly soluble in diethyl ether,[4] soluble in alcohol, ether [3]
Hazards[5]
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Sodium tetrachloroaurate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaAuCl₄. It is composed of the ions Na⁺ and AuCl₄⁻. It exists in the anhydrous and dihydrate states. At room temperature, it exists as a golden-orange solid. The anhydrous and dihydrate forms are available commercially.[1]

Preparation

The conventional method of preparation of sodium tetrachloroaurate involves the addition of tetrachloroauric acid solution to sodium chloride or sodium carbonate to form a mixture. The mixture is stirred at 100 °C, and then subjected to evaporation, cooling, crystallization, and drying to obtain the orange crystals of sodium tetrachloroaurate.[4][6]

H[AuCl₄] + NaCl → Na[AuCl₄] + HCl

2 H[AuCl₄] + Na₂CO₃ → 2 Na[AuCl₄] + H₂O + CO₂

However, more efficient preparation methods have been discovered recently. These are the addition of gold with sodium oxy-halogen salts and hydrochloric acid.[6]

Uses

It is used in a wide range of applications. For example, it is used as a catalyst for the hydrochlorination of acetylene, or the oxidation of sulfides.[4]

References

PubChem. "Sodium tetrachloroaurate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2019-05-19.
Jones, P. G.; Hohbein, R.; Schwarzmann, E. (1988-07-15). "Anhydrous sodium tetrachloroaurate(III)". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). 44 (7): 1164–1166. doi:10.1107/s0108270188002756. ISSN 0108-2701.
Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press; 2 edition (May 18, 2011). p. 380. ISBN 9781439814611.
Westcott, Stephen A. (2001), "Sodium Tetrachloroaurate(III)", Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, American Cancer Society, doi:10.1002/047084289x.rs108, ISBN 9780470842898
"Sodium Tetrachloroaurate". www.espimetals.com. Retrieved 2019-05-20.
US 10046976, Lu, Lin; Wang, Chen-Hsiang & Fan, Kuei-Sheng et al., "Method of making inorganic gold compound", published 2018-08-14, assigned to Tripod Technology Corp.

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[PubChem-1] PubChem. "Sodium tetrachloroaurate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2019-05-19.

[2] Jones, P. G.; Hohbein, R.; Schwarzmann, E. (1988-07-15). "Anhydrous sodium tetrachloroaurate(III)". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). 44 (7): 1164–1166. doi:10.1107/s0108270188002756. ISSN 0108-2701.

[Dale-3] Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press; 2 edition (May 18, 2011). p. 380. ISBN 9781439814611.

[Westcott-4] Westcott, Stephen A. (2001), "Sodium Tetrachloroaurate(III)", Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, American Cancer Society, doi:10.1002/047084289x.rs108, ISBN 9780470842898

[5] "Sodium Tetrachloroaurate". www.espimetals.com. Retrieved 2019-05-20.

[Preparation-6] US 10046976, Lu, Lin; Wang, Chen-Hsiang & Fan, Kuei-Sheng et al., "Method of making inorganic gold compound", published 2018-08-14, assigned to Tripod Technology Corp.