Tuxá language

Tuxá (Tusha; also Todela ~ Rodela, Carapató, Payacú) was the eastern Brazilian language of the Tuxá people, who now speak Portuguese. The language ceased being spoken in the late 19th century, but in the 1960s a research team found two women that had been expelled from the Tuxa tribe in Bahia who knew some thirty words.

Tuxá
Native toBrazil
RegionBahia, Pernambuco
Extinctend of 19th century
unclassified
Language codes
ISO 639-3tud
Glottologtuxa1239

It was spoken along the São Francisco River near Glória, Bahia, and was reported by Loukotka (1968) to have more recently been in the village of Rodelas, Pernambuco (now part of Bahia).[1]

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968)

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[1]

glossTushá
earkramakeː
toothtakaí
manzyunkurun
sunenkeː
moonzyerõmeːkeː
earthzyerintin

Pompeu (1958)

Tushá vocabulary collected by Antônio Likaro e Cordorina in Rodelas:[2]

Portuguese gloss
(original)
English gloss
(translated)
Tushá
solsunenkê
luamoonjerõmêkê
céuskyeisrêmêkê
terraearthjerintin
Rio São FranciscoSão Francisco RiverKaleshí
homemmanjunkurun
mulherwomanlãkãtí
meninoboyjití
meninagirlkaití
cabelohairtixí
dentetoothtakaí
orelhaearkramákê
cachimbosmoking pipetôrú
teiúTupinambis lizardtishiriú

Meader (1978)

In 1961, Wilbur Pickering recorded the following word list in Juazeiro, Bahia from Maria Dias dos Santos. She was an elderly rememberer of Tuxá who was born in Rodelas, but later moved to Juazeiro.[3]

Portuguese gloss
(original)
English gloss
(translated)
Tuxá
águawaterˈmiˈaŋga
cabeçaheadkaˈka
cabelohairkakaˈi
cachorrodogkašuˈi
carnemeatoˈtiši
criança (menino)child (boy)guřituˈi
fogofiretoˈe
fumosmokepaˈka
muitasmanykalatuˈi
muitas cabeçasmany headskalatuˈi kaˈka
ovelhasheepalvεˈmą
panelapanˈmunduřu
solsunšaˈřola
pessoa sujadirty personˈšuvaˈd̯ya
acangataraacangatara
(type of ceremonial feather headband)
ˈgoxo
cachaçacachaçaauˈřiŋka
cachimbosmoking pipemaˈlaku
chocalhorattlemařaˈka
deusGodtumˈpą
dinheiromoneykaːmˈba
farinhaflourkoˈñuna
gadocattlegadiˈma
melanciawatermelonˈvεřdoˈa
negroblacktupiˈʌŋka
pebasix-banded armadillokabulεˈtε
porcopigˈmokoˈxε
preáBrazilian guinea pigšuˈřį
soldadosoldiersokoˈdo
tatuarmadilloputiˈa
trempetwitchmυsˈtřυ̨
urubuvultureuˈřikuˈři tutuˈa (?)
quem gosta de apreciar o Guaraniwho likes to enjoy the Guaranikalamaˈši; kalatuˈi; kaˈlamototuˈa

References

  1. Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
  2. Pompeu Sobrinho, Thomaz. 1958. Línguas Tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos. Boletim de Antropologia (Fortaleza-Ceará) 2. 3-19.
  3. Meader, Robert E. (1978). Indios do Nordeste: Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (in Portuguese). Brasilia: SIL International.
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