Xilingol League

Xilingol League (also transliterated as Xilin Gol or Shiliin Gol; Chinese: 锡林郭勒盟; Mongolian: , Шилийн Гол аймаг, Shiliin Gol aimag, pronounced [ʃɪ̆ˈɮiŋ ɢɔɮ ˈɛːmə̆k]) is one of the 3 leagues of Inner Mongolia. The seat is Xilinhot, and the area is 202,580 km2 (78,220 sq mi). The league's economy is based on mining and agriculture.

Xilingol League
锡林郭勒盟 • ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ
League
Dinosaur statue in Erenhot
Dinosaur statue in Erenhot
Location of Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia
Location of Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia
CountryPeople's Republic of China
RegionInner Mongolia
Area
 • Total211,866 km2 (81,802 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total1,028,022
 • Density4.9/km2 (13/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
152500
Area code0479
ISO 3166 codeCN-NM-25
Licence plate prefixes蒙H
Websitewww.xlgl.gov.cn
Xilingol League
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese錫林郭勒
Simplified Chinese锡林郭勒
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicШилийн Гол аймаг
Mongolian scriptᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ

Xilingol borders Mongolia to the north, Chifeng, Tongliao and Hinggan League to the east, Ulanqab to the west and Hebei to the south.

This is the only prefecture-level division of Inner Mongolia in whose southern border nomadic culture is still vivid. Some divisions, such as Tongliao, have a much higher percentage of Mongolian population, but agriculture is extensive among Khorchin Mongols there. Xilingol League is also the closest Inner Mongolian prefecture-level division to Beijing; although, among those Inner Mongolian prefecture-level divisions bordering Hebei, the province surrounding Beijing, Xilin Gol is also the most unapproachable one. With a significant population of Chakhar Mongols, who speak a Mongolian dialect closely related to the standard dialect of Mongolia, the dialect also spoken in Xulun Hoh Banner, Xilin Gol League's variety is chosen as the standard language of Mongolian in China. Nevertheless, the de facto common standard is a mix of Khorchin-Kharchin and Chakhar, due to the extensive presence of Khorchin Mongolian speakers in China.

Demographics

In 2000, there were 975,168 inhabitants:

Ethnic group no. of inhabitants share
Han 651,174 66.78%
Mongols 284,995 29.23%
Manchu 26,687 2.74%
Hui 11,009 1.13%
Daur 784 0.08%
Other 519 0.04%

Administrative subdivisions

Xilin Gol is divided into two county-level cities, one county and nine banners:

Map
Name Mongolian Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010) Area (km2) Density (/km2)
Xilinhot (city) ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
(Sili-yin qota)		 锡林浩特市 Xīlínhàotè Shì 245,886 15,758 15.6
Erenhot (city) ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
(Eriyen qota)		 二连浩特市 Èrliánhàotè Shì 74,197 4,015 18.5
Duolun County ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠨᠨᠤᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Dolonnuur siyan)		 多伦县 Duōlún Xiàn 100,893 3,773 26.7
Abag Banner ᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Abaɣ-a qosiɣu)		 阿巴嘎旗 Ābāgā Qí 43,574 27,495 1.6
Sonid Left Banner
(Sonid Jun Banner)		 ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Söned Jegün qosiɣu)		 苏尼特左旗 Sūnítè Zuǒ Qí 33,652 33,469 1.0
Sonid Right Banner
(Sonid Barun Banner)		 ᠰᠥᠨᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Söned Baraɣun qosiɣu)		 苏尼特右旗 Sūnítè Yòu Qí 71,063 26,700 2.7
East Ujimqin Banner
(Jun Ujimqin Banner)		 ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Jegün Ujumučin qosiɣu)		 东乌珠穆沁旗 Dōng Wūzhūmùqìn Qí 93,962 47,554 2.0
West Ujimqin Banner
(Barun Ujimqin Banner)		 ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠵᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Baraɣun Ujumučin qosiɣu)		 西乌珠穆沁旗 Xī Wūzhūmùqìn Qí 87,614 22,960 3.8
Taibus Banner ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Tayipusė qosiɣu)		 太仆寺旗 Tàipúsì Qí 112,339 3,415 32.9
Bordered Yellow Banner
(Xianghuang Banner)
(Hobot Xar Banner)		 ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Köbegetü Sir-a qosiɣu)		 镶黄旗 Xiānghuáng Qí 28,450 4,960 5.7
Plain and Bordered White Banner
(Zhengxiangbai Banner)
(Xulun Hobot Qagan Banner)		 ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Siluɣun Köbegetü Čaɣan qosiɣu)		 正镶白旗 Zhèngxiāngbái Qí 54,443 6,083 9.0
Plain Blue Banner
(Zhenglan Banner)
(Xulun Hoh Banner)		 ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Siluɣun Köke qosiɣu)		 正蓝旗 Zhènglán Qí 81,967 9,963 8.2

Demonstrations in 2011
Main article: 2011 Inner Mongolia unrest

After the alleged murder of a Mongolian herder, Mergen, by a Chinese truck driver who was blocking the way for Chinese coal trucks to pass through his pasture on May 10, 2011. Protests with some thousand protestors broke out in Xilingol.[1] To prevent the spreading of protests, the Chinese government sealed off the Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities in Tongliao and the Nationalities University in Hohhot, the only two universities where lessons are predominantly taught in Mongolian. In addition, it enforced tight control on the internet and shut down QQ chatrooms.[2]

References
  1. Ben Blanchard and Sui-Lee Wee (Reuters), Friday, May 27, 2011: Parts of Inner Mongolia 'under martial law' as protests spread. E.g. at .
  2. "Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center".

43.93°N 116.09°E / 43.93; 116.09

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