Hantaan orthohantavirus

Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV) is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus species of Old World Orthohantavirus. It is the causative agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever in humans.[1][2] It is named for the Hantan River in South Korea,[3] and in turn lends the name to its genus Orthohantavirus and family Hantaviridae.

Hantaan orthohantavirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family: Hantaviridae
Genus: Orthohantavirus
Species:
Hantaan orthohantavirus

Natural reservoir

Apodemus agrarius, also known as striped field mouse, is the etiological vector of Hantaan orthohantavirus.[4]

Transmission

Transmission is believed to be through inhalation of aerosolized rodent urine and feces.

Morbidity and mortality

In hantavirus induced hemorrhagic fever, incubation time is between two and four weeks in humans before symptoms of infection present. Severity of symptoms depends on the viral load. Like Dobrava-Belgrade virus, Hantaan virus has a mortality rate of 10 to 12%.[5][6]

History

During the Korean War (1951–1953), more than 3000 American and Korean troops fell ill with kidney failure, bleeding, and shock. The cause remained unknown until 1976 when Karl M. Johnson an American tropical virologist and his colleagues, including Korean virologist, Ho Wang Lee (Lee Ho Wang), isolated Hantaan virus from the lungs of striped field mice.[1][2]

See also

References
  1. Bugert, Joachim J.; Welzel, Tania Mara; Zeier, Martin; Darai, Gholamreza (2013-04-04). "Hantavirus infection—haemorrhagic fever in the Balkans—potential nephrological hazards in the Kosovo war". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 14 (8): 1843–1844. doi:10.1093/ndt/14.8.1843. PMID 10462258.
  2. Lee HW, Baek LJ, Johnson KM (1982). "Isolation of Hantaan virus, the etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever, from wild urban rats". J Infect Dis. 146 (5): 638–644. doi:10.1093/infdis/146.5.638. PMID 6127366.
  3. "ICTV 9th Report (2011) Bunyaviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 31 January 2019. Hanta: from Hantaan, river in South Korea near where type virus was isolated.
  4. Chung, D.-H.; Vastermark, A.; Camp, J. V.; McAllister, R.; Remold, S. K.; Chu, Y.-K.; Bruder, C.; Jonsson, C. B. (2013-07-31). "The Murine Model for Hantaan virus-Induced Lethal Disease Shows Two Distinct Paths in Viral Evolutionary Trajectory with or without Ribavirin Treatment". Journal of Virology. 87 (20): 10997–11007. doi:10.1128/JVI.01394-13. PMC 3807304. PMID 23903835.
  5. Yi J.; Xu Z.; Zhuang R.; Wang J.; Zhang Y.; Ma Y.; Liu B.; Zhang Y.; Zhang C.; Yan G.; Zhang F.; Xu Z.; Yang A.; Jin B. (2013). "Hantaan Virus RNA Load in Patients Having Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome: Correlation With Disease Severity". Journal of Infectious Diseases. 207 (9): 1457–1461. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis475. PMID 22869912.
  6. Klenk, Feldmann Heinz; Pavlovic Jovan; Anheier Bärbel; Haller Otto; Hans-Dieter; Wichmann Dominic; Gröne Hermann-Josef; Frese Michael (2002). "Neurological Disease That Is Fatal in Adult with Hantaan Virus Infection". J. Virol. 76 (17): 8890–8899. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.17.8890-8899.2002. PMC 137000. PMID 12163608.
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