हृदय

Hindi
हृदय

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛ́daya), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ĵʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr. Doublet of दिल (dil), हिया (hiyā).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɦɾɪ.d̪əj/, /ɦɪɾ.d̪əj/

Noun

हृदय • (hŕday) m (Urdu spelling ہردی‎)

  1. (anatomy) heart
    रोगी का हृदय अभी भी धड़क रहा है।
    rogī kā hŕday abhī bhī dhaṛak rahā hai.
    The patient's heart is still beating.
    मेरा बाप का हृदय बहुत दुर्बल है।
    merā bāp kā hŕday bahut durbal hai.
    My father has a very weak heart.
    उसकी वाणी ने मेरे हृदय को छू दिया।
    uskī vāṇī ne mere hŕday ko chū diyā.
    His speech touched my heart.

Declension
Declension of हृदय
Singular Plural
Direct हृदय (hŕday) हृदय (hŕday)
Oblique हृदय (hŕday) हृदयों (hŕdyõ)
Vocative हृदय (hŕday) हृदयो (hŕdyo)

Synonyms

Derived terms
  • हृदयाघात (hŕday-āghāt, “heart attack”)
  • हृदयकंप (hŕday-kamp, “palpitation, heart-throb”)
  • हृदयग्राही (hŕday-grāhī, “captivating, charming”)
  • हृदयहीन (hŕday-hīn, “dry, hard-hearted, unfeeling”)
  • विदीर्णहृदय (vidīrṇ-hŕday, “heartbroken”)
  • मृदुलहृदय (mŕdul-hŕday, “tender-hearted, gentle”)

References
  • Bahri, Hardev (1989), “हृदय”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons
  • Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “हृदय”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Nepali

Noun

हृदय • (hŕday)

  1. heart

See also

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ĵʰŕ̥dayam, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥d-, oblique case stem of *ḱḗr (“heart”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛‎ (zərəd), Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardíā), Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (kir), Old Church Slavonic срьдьцє (srьdьce), Latin cor, Old English heorte (whence English heart).

Pronunciation

Noun

हृदय • (hṛ́daya) n

  1. the heart
    • RV 6.53.8c
      यां पूषन बरह्मचोदनीमारां बिभर्ष्याघृणे |
      तया समस्य हर्दयमा रिख किकिरा कृणु ||
      yāṃ pūṣana brahmacodanīmārāṃ bibharṣyāghṛṇe |
      tayā samasya hṛdayamā rikha kikirā kṛṇu ||
      Thou, glowing Pūṣan, carriest an awl that urges men to prayer;
      Therewith do thou tear up and rend to shreds the heart of every one.
  2. soul, mind, spirit (as the seat of mental operations)
    • RV 6.9.6b
      वि मे कर्णा पतयतो वि चक्षुर्वीदं जयोतिर्ह्र्दय आहितं यत |
      वि मे मनश्चरति दूराधीः किं सविद वक्ष्यामिकिमु नू मनिष्ये ||
      vi me karṇā patayato vi cakṣurvīdaṃ jyotirhṛdaya āhitaṃ yata |
      vi me manaścarati dūrādhīḥ kiṃ savida vakṣyāmikimu nū maniṣye ||
      Mine ears unclose to hear, mine eye to see him; the light that harbours in my spirit broadens.
      Far roams my mind whose thoughts are in the distance. What shall I speak, what shall I now imagine?
  3. the heart or interior of the body
  4. the heart or centre or core or essence or best or dearest or most secret part of anything
  5. true or divine knowledge
  6. the Veda
  7. science

Declension
Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय (hṛ́daya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयम्
hṛ́dayam		 हृदये
hṛ́daye		 हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Vocative हृदय
hṛ́daya		 हृदये
hṛ́daye		 हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Accusative हृदयम्
hṛ́dayam		 हृदये
hṛ́daye		 हृदयानि / हृदया¹
hṛ́dayāni / hṛ́dayā¹
Instrumental हृदयेन
hṛ́dayena		 हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām		 हृदयैः / हृदयेभिः¹
hṛ́dayaiḥ / hṛ́dayebhiḥ¹
Dative हृदयाय
hṛ́dayāya		 हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām		 हृदयेभ्यः
hṛ́dayebhyaḥ
Ablative हृदयात्
hṛ́dayāt		 हृदयाभ्याम्
hṛ́dayābhyām		 हृदयेभ्यः
hṛ́dayebhyaḥ
Genitive हृदयस्य
hṛ́dayasya		 हृदययोः
hṛ́dayayoḥ		 हृदयानाम्
hṛ́dayānām
Locative हृदये
hṛ́daye		 हृदययोः
hṛ́dayayoḥ		 हृदयेषु
hṛ́dayeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Adjective

हृदय • (hṛ́daya)

  1. going to the heart

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ)
Gen. sg. हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयः (hṛdayaḥ) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Vocative हृदय (hṛdaya) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Accusative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदयौ (hṛdayau) हृदयान् (hṛdayān)
Instrumental हृदयेन (hṛdayena) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ)
Dative हृदयाय (hṛdayāya) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu)
Feminine ā-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदया (hṛdayā)
Gen. sg. हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदया (hṛdayā) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Vocative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Accusative हृदयाम् (hṛdayām) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयाः (hṛdayāḥ)
Instrumental हृदयया (hṛdayayā) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभिः (hṛdayābhiḥ)
Dative हृदयायै (hṛdayāyai) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयाभ्यः (hṛdayābhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयायाः (hṛdayāyāḥ) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदयायाम् (hṛdayāyām) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयासु (hṛdayāsu)
Neuter a-stem declension of हृदय
Nom. sg. हृदयम् (hṛdayam)
Gen. sg. हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Vocative हृदय (hṛdaya) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Accusative हृदयम् (hṛdayam) हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदयानि (hṛdayāni)
Instrumental हृदयेन (hṛdayena) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयैः (hṛdayaiḥ)
Dative हृदयाय (hṛdayāya) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Ablative हृदयात् (hṛdayāt) हृदयाभ्याम् (hṛdayābhyām) हृदयेभ्यः (hṛdayebhyaḥ)
Genitive हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयानाम् (hṛdayānām)
Locative हृदये (hṛdaye) हृदययोः (hṛdayayoḥ) हृदयेषु (hṛdayeṣu)

References
  • “हृदय” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, OCLC 186102264, page 666.
  • Monier Williams (1899), “हृदय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1302.
  • Arthur A. Macdonell, A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, 1893, page 380
  • Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 978
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