仏
See also: 佛
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Translingual
Han character
仏 (radical 9, 人+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人戈 (OI) or X人戈 (XOI), four-corner 22230, composition ⿰亻厶)
References
- KangXi: page 92, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 364
- Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 110, character 5
- Unihan data for U+4ECF
Chinese
Glyph origin
Used since Northern and Southern dynasties. To avoid using the character 佛, 某 (mǒu, “someone”) is used instead; the character is ideogrammic compound (會意) : 亻 + 厶, where 厶 is a variant form of 某.
Etymology 1
| For pronunciation and definitions of 仏 – see 佛 (“Buddha; statue of Buddha; etc.”). (This character, 仏, is an ancient form of 佛.) |
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 仏 – see 似 (“like; resembling; etc.”). (This character, 仏, is a variant form of 似.) |
Japanese
| 仏 | |
| 佛 |
Readings
Compounds
Compounds
- 仏教 (Bukkyō, “Buddhism”)
- 仏心 (busshin)
- 仏像 (butsuzō, “Buddhist image”)
- 仏陀 (Butsuda), 仏陀 (Budda, “Buddha”)
- 仏典 (butten, “Buddhist scriptures, sutras”)
- 仏法 (buppō)
- 活仏 (katsubutsu)
- 成仏 (jōbutsu)
- 石仏 (sekibutsu, “stone Buddhist image”)
- 大仏 (daibutsu, “large statue of Buddha”)
- 念仏 (nenbutsu, “Buddhist prayer”)
- 廃仏毀釈, 排仏棄釈 (Haibutsu Kishaku, “anti-Buddhist movement at the beginning of the Meiji era”)
- 秘仏 (hibutsu)
- 仏掌薯 (tsukuneimo)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 仏 |
| ほとけ Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
*⟨poto2ke2⟩ → */pətəkəɨ/ → /fotoke/ → /hotoke/
From Old Japanese of unclear origin. Theories include:
- The hoto element might be from a Chinese dialect variation on Middle Chinese 佛陀 (MC bɨut̚ dɑ),[1] or possibly just the 佛 (MC bɨut̚) portion,[2] ultimately deriving from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha). The ke element might be the suffix 気 (ke, “spirit”).[1]
- Possibly an ancient borrowing from Korean 부텨 (pwuthye), the source of modern Korean 부처 (Bucheo).
Pronunciation
Noun
仏 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 佛, hiragana ほとけ, rōmaji hotoke)
- (Buddhism) a buddha (enlightened or awakened sentient being)
- (Buddhism) a statue or image of any buddha
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3841), text here
- 佛造真朱不足者水渟池田乃阿曽我鼻上乎穿礼 [Man'yōgana]
- 仏造るま朱足らずは水溜まる池田の朝臣が鼻の上を掘れ [Modern spelling]
- hotoke tsukuru ma-sō tarazu wa mizu tamaru Ikeda no Aso ga hana no ue o hore
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3841), text here
- a departed soul, deceased
- (colloquial) a term that a parent calls a child expressing parental affection, equivalent to "my dear"
- c. 890, Taketori Monogatari (page 7)[3]
- 我子の佛、變化の人と申しながら、こゝら大さまで養ひ奉る志疎かならず。
- Waga ko no hotoke, henge no hito to mōshinagara, kokora ōkisama de yashinai-tatematsuru kokorozashi oroka narazu.
- My dear child, when you are talking about someone who is a manifestation [of a supernatural entity], it would not be dumb to try to bring them up in this grand fashion.
- 我子の佛、變化の人と申しながら、こゝら大さまで養ひ奉る志疎かならず。
- c. 890, Taketori Monogatari (page 61)[3]
- あが仏、何事思ひたまふぞ。
- A ga hotoke, nanigoto omoitamau zo.
- My dear, what on earth are you thinking about?
- あが仏、何事思ひたまふぞ。
- c. 890, Taketori Monogatari (page 7)[3]
- (religion) Buddhism
- Synonym: 仏法 (Buppō)
- (Buddhism) performing a Buddhist memorial service
Derived terms
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 仏 |
| ぶつ Grade: 5 |
| goon |
From Middle Chinese 佛 (MC bɨut̚), shortened from 佛陀 (MC bɨut̚ dɑ), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha).
Derived terms
Derived terms
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- Horiuchi, Hideaki; Ken Akiyama (1997) Taketori Monogatari, Ise Monogatari, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
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