倍

倍 U+500D, 倍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-500D
← 倌
[U+500C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 倎 →
[U+500E]

Translingual

Han character

倍 (radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿口 (OYTR), four-corner 20261, composition ⿰亻咅)

References
  • KangXi: page 107, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 760
  • Dae Jaweon: page 228, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 183, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+500D

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 倍

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 倍
Small seal script

s05828

Transcribed ancient scripts

L15317

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蓓 *bɯːʔ, *bɯːʔ
倍 *bɯːʔ
菩 *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ
掊 *bruː, *poːʔ, *bɯ, *bɯ
剖 *pʰoːʔ, *pʰoʔ
婄 *pʰɯʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː
踣 *pʰɯs, *bɯːɡ
箁 *bɯ
咅 *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs
部 *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ
培 *boːʔ, *bɯː
犃 *boːʔ
瓿 *boːʔ, *bɯ, *bo
殕 *pɯʔ, *pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ
醅 *pʰɯ, *pʰɯː
棓 *bɯ, *broːŋʔ, *bɯː
涪 *bɯ
賠 *bɯː
陪 *bɯː
毰 *bɯː
焙 *bɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːʔ) : semantic 人 + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).

Pronunciation
Note: erhua-ed - “very”.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • pē/pěr - vernacular;
    • pōe/pǒe - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 倍
Mandarin Beijing /pei⁵¹/
Harbin /pei⁵³/
Tianjin /pei⁵³/
Jinan /pei²¹/
Qingdao /pe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pei³¹²/
Xi'an /pʰei⁴⁴/
Xining /pʰɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /pei¹³/
Lanzhou /pei¹³/
Ürümqi /pei²¹³/
Wuhan /pei³⁵/
Chengdu /pei¹³/
Guiyang /pei²¹³/
Kunming /pei²¹²/
Nanjing /pəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /pe⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /pæ³⁵/
Hohhot /pei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /be²³/
Suzhou /be̞³¹/
Hangzhou /bei¹³/
Wenzhou /bai³⁵/
Hui Shexian /pʰɛ²²/
Tunxi /pə²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /pei⁵⁵/
/pei¹¹/
Xiangtan /bəi²¹/
Gan Nanchang /pʰi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /pʰi⁵³/
Taoyuan /pʰoi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰui²³/
Nanning /pʰui²⁴/
Hong Kong /pʰui¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pue²²/
/pe²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /puɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /po⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /pue³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔbui³³/
Rime
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 薄亥切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bʌiX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bəiX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bɒiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bəjX/
Li
Rong		 /bᴀiX/
Wang
Li		 /bɒiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱɑ̆iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bèi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bèi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bwojX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]ˁəʔ/
English double

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
No. 9837
Phonetic
component		 咅
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 倍
Old
Chinese		 /*bɯːʔ/

Definitions

倍

  1. to double
  2. Classifier for the number of times a value is multiplied: times; -fold
    一百倍  ―  yībǎi bèi  ―  hundredfold; one hundred times
  3. exceptionally; especially
  4. (Mandarin, colloquial) very; extremely

Compounds
  • 事倍功半 (shìbèi-gōngbàn)
  • 事半功倍 (shìbàn-gōngbèi)
  • 五倍子 (wǔbèizǐ)
  • 五倍子蟲／五倍子虫
  • 倍兒／倍儿 (bèir)
  • 倍兒棒／倍儿棒 (bèirbàng)
  • 倍力橋／倍力桥
  • 倍受矚目／倍受瞩目
  • 倍增 (bèizēng)
  • 倍奉
  • 倍常
  • 倍式
  • 倍律
  • 倍感親切／倍感亲切
  • 倍數／倍数 (bèishù)
  • 倍日并行
  • 倍比定律
  • 倍率
  • 倍畔
  • 倍稱／倍称
  • 倍蓰
  • 倍覺／倍觉
  • 倍足綱／倍足纲
  • 倍道 (bèidào)
  • 倍道兼行
  • 倍道兼進／倍道兼进
  • 偏倍
  • 公倍數／公倍数 (gōngbèishù)
  • 兼倍
  • 利市三倍
  • 力倍功半
  • 加倍 (jiābèi)
  • 勇氣百倍／勇气百倍 (yǒngqì bǎibèi)
  • 半價倍息／半价倍息
  • 單倍體／单倍体 (dānbèitǐ)
  • 獲利倍蓰／获利倍蓰
  • 百倍 (bǎibèi)
  • 聲價十倍／声价十倍
  • 身價百倍／身价百倍
  • 鄙倍
  • 雙倍／双倍

Japanese

Kanji
倍

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
  • 一倍
  • 一粒万倍
  • 五倍子
  • 人一倍
  • 倍加
  • 倍増
  • 倍大
  • 倍数
  • 倍旧
  • 倍率
  • 倍精度
  • 倍音
  • 倍額
  • 勇気百倍
  • 安倍川餅
  • 数倍
  • 逓倍

Noun

倍 (hiragana ばい, rōmaji bai)

  1. twice, double, two times
    田 (た)中 (なか)さんの家 (いえ)は私 (わたし)の家 (いえ)の倍 (ばい)の大 (おお)きさだ。
    Tanaka-san no ie wa watashi no ie no bai no ōkisa da.
    Tanaka's house is twice the size of mine.
    倍 (ばい)にする
    bai ni suru
    to double

Antonyms

Suffix

倍 (hiragana ばい, rōmaji -bai)

  1. times, -fold
    この飛 (ひ)行 (こう)機 (き)はあの飛 (ひ)行 (こう)機 (き)よりも３ (さん)倍 (ばい)速 (はや)い。
    Kono hikōki wa ano hikōki yori mo san-bai hayai.
    This plane is a whole three times faster than that plane.
    ４ (よん)の５ (ご)倍 (ばい)
    yon no go-bai
    4 times 5

Korean

Hanja

倍 • (bae, pae) (hangeul 배, 패, revised bae, pae, McCune–Reischauer pae, p'ae)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

倍 (bội, bạu, bậu, bụa, buạ, vội)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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