咸

See also: 或, 鹹, and 㖅
咸 U+54B8, 咸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54B8
← 咷
[U+54B7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 咹 →
[U+54B9]

Translingual

Han character

咸 (radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹一口 (IHMR), four-corner 53200, composition ⿵戌口 or ⿵戊𠮛)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 187, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3563
  • Dae Jaweon: page 406, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1404, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+54B8

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 咸
variant forms 冚 Cantonese “all; entire”

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 咸
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
感 *kɯːmʔ
鱤 *kɯːmʔ
顑 *kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
轗 *kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
撼 *ɡɯːmʔ
憾 *ɡɯːms
喊 *qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
緘 *krɯːm
瑊 *krɯːm, *kjum
黬 *krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
減 *krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
羬 *ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
麙 *ŋɡrɯːm
咸 *ɡrɯːm
鹹 *ɡrɯːm
醎 *ɡrɯːm
諴 *ɡrɯːm
椷 *ɡrɯːm
輱 *ɡrɯːm
鍼 *ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
箴 *kjɯm
葴 *kjɯm
鱵 *kjum

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 戌 (“axe”) + 口 (“mouth (person) or clay pot”). To cut off one's head with an ax, depriving them of all they have; alternatively, to break a pot with an ax.

For etymology 2, simplified from 鹹 (elimination of 鹵).

Etymology 1

Compare Khmer ព្រម (prɔɔm, “to agree; to go along with; together”) (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1
Rime
Character 咸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 咸 (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡讒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠɛm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚæm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəɨm/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɐm/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɐm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xián
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 咸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hɛm ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁr[ə]m/
English all; everywhere

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 咸
Reading # 1/1
No. 13515
Phonetic
component		 咸
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 咸
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯːm/
Notes 從口從戌會刺口之意，
鹹初文
Definitions

咸

  1. all; completely
  2. † together
  3. † united; in harmony
  4. † common; popular; widespread
  5. † to finish; to terminate
  6. 31st hexagram of the I Ching
  7. A surname​.
Compounds
  • 咸豐草／咸丰草
  • 咸陽／咸阳 (Xiányáng)
  • 咸陽宮／咸阳宫
  • 咸陽火／咸阳火
  • 大咸
  • 季咸
  • 巫咸
  • 彭咸
  • 悲犬咸陽／悲犬咸阳
  • 老少咸宜 (lǎoshàoxiányí)
  • 老幼咸宜
  • 阮咸 (ruǎnxián)
  • 阿咸

Pronunciation 2
Definitions

咸

  1. (Cantonese) all; entire
Compounds

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 咸 – see 鹹 (“salty; briny; salted; etc.”).
(This character, 咸, is the simplified form of 鹹.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji
咸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings
  • On (unclassified): かん (kan); げん (gen)
  • Kun: みな (mina, 咸)

Korean

Hanja

咸 (eum 함 (ham))

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Vietnamese

Han character

咸: Hán Nôm readings: hàm

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References
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