燃

燃	U+71C3, 燃 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71C3

← 燂
[U+71C2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

燄 →
[U+71C4]

Translingual

Han character

燃 (radical 86, 火+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火月大火 (FBKF), four-corner 9383₃, composition ⿰火然)

burn, light fire, ignite

References

KangXi: page 682, character 7

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19394

Dae Jaweon: page 1094, character 6

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2235, character 11

Unihan data for U+71C3

Chinese

simp. and trad.		燃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (肰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
嘫	*rneːn
然	*njen
肰	*njen
繎	njon, njen
燃	*njen
蹨	njenʔ, neːnʔ
橪	njenʔ, ʔneːn
撚	*neːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *njen) : semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 然 (OC *njen) – burn with fire. Originally 然 (OC *njen), but because it was phonetically borrowed for abstract senses, 火 was added for differentiation.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rán (ran²)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): liân / jiân / hiâⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): riang⁵ / riêng⁵ / hian⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rán
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄢˊ
  - Wade–Giles: jan²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ran
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jin⁴
  - Yale: yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liân
  - Tâi-lô: liân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lieen
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /liɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiân
  - Tâi-lô: jiân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jieen
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiɛn²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑiɛn¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiâⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hiânn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hviaa
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiã¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hiã²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiã²³/

Note:

liân/jiân - literary;
hiâⁿ - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: riang⁵ / riêng⁵ / hian⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiâng / jiêng / hiâⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/, /d͡zieŋ⁵⁵/, /hĩã⁵⁵/

Note:

riang5/riêng5 - literary (riêng5 - Chaozhou);
hian5 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /ȵiᴇn/▼

Rime
Character	燃
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	如延切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵian/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛn/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rán

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.na[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*njen/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	燃
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rán
Middle Chinese	‹ nyen ›
Old Chinese	/*C.na[n]/
English	burn
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	燃
Reading #	1/1
No.	10759
Phonetic component	肰
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	然
Old Chinese	/*njen/
Notes	俗然字，轉註

Definitions

燃

to burn; to be alight
to ignite; to light
to spark off (hopes); to start (debate); to raise (hopes)

Compounds

內燃機／内燃机 (nèiránjī)
助燃
可燃性 (kěránxìng)
可燃物 (kěránwù)
外燃機／外燃机
完全燃燒／完全燃烧
引燃 (yǐnrán)
核子燃料
核燃料 (héránliào)
死灰復燃／死灰复燃 (sǐhuīfùrán)
淨化燃煤／净化燃煤

煮豆燃萁 (zhǔdòuránqí)
燃放 (ránfàng)
燃料 (ránliào)
燃料油
燃料礦物／燃料矿物
燃氣輪機／燃气轮机
燃燈佛／燃灯佛
燃燒／燃烧 (ránshāo)
燃燒彈／燃烧弹
燃犀
燃犀溫嶠／燃犀温峤

燃眉
燃眉之急
燃糠照薪
燃糠自照
燃膏繼晷／燃膏继晷 (rángāojìguǐ)
燃臍／燃脐
燃萁煮豆
燃藜
燃點／燃点 (rándiǎn)
自燃 (zìrán)
點燃／点燃 (diǎnrán)

Japanese

Kanji

燃

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Burn, blaze, glow

Readings

Go-on: ねん (nen, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ぜん (zen)
Kun: もえる (moeru, 燃える, Jōyō)^{←もゆ (moyu, historical)}; もす (mosu, 燃す, Jōyō); もやす (moyasu, 燃やす, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

燃 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)

burn, light fire, ignite

Vietnamese

Han character

燃 (nhiên, nhen)

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