索

索 U+7D22, 索
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D22
← 紡
[U+7D21] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 紣 →
[U+7D23]

Translingual

Han character

索 (radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月女戈火 (JBVIF), four-corner 40903, composition ⿳十冖糸)

References
  • KangXi: page 918, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27306
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1349, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3369, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7D22

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (索) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
索 *slaːɡ, *sraːɡ, *sreːɡ
溹 *slaːɡ, *sraːɡ, *sreːɡ

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 索

From Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Vietic *ɟaːk (“rope”) (> Vietnamese chạc), Mon ဇုက် (“string; cord; rope; lashing; creeper”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • soh - vernacular;
  • sok/sek - literary.
Rime
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sak̚/
Li
Rong		 /sɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /sɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 suo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 索
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 suǒ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ˁak/
English twist a rope

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
No. 12191
Phonetic
component		 索
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 索
Old
Chinese		 /*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. rope; cable
  2. (Teochew) to climb; to clamber
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 繩子 (“string; rope; cord”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 繩, 索
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 繩索
Mandarin Beijing 繩子, 繩兒
Jinan 繩子
Xi'an 繩子
Wuhan 繩子, 索子
Chengdu 繩子, 索子
Yangzhou 繩子
Hefei 繩, 繩子
Cantonese Guangzhou 繩, 索
Hong Kong 繩, 索
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 繩, 繩仔
Taishan 繩, 索
Yangjiang 索
Gan Nanchang 繩子, 索子
Hakka Meixian 索仔, 索嫲
Xingning 索, 索嫲
Huidong 索仔, 索嫲
Qujiang 索子, 索嫲
Xiaosanjiang 索仔, 索嫲
Changting 索子
Pingyu 索
Wuping 索子
Liancheng 索子
Ninghua 索子
Ruijin 索子, 繩
Shicheng 繩
Shangyou 繩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 索仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 索仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 索仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 索
Hsinchu (Raoping) 索仔
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 索
Hong Kong 索嫲
Jin Taiyuan 繩子
Min Bei Jian'ou 索
Min Dong Fuzhou 索
Min Nan Xiamen 索仔, 索
Quanzhou 索仔, 索
Zhangzhou 索仔, 索
Chaozhou 索
Wu Suzhou 繩
Wenzhou 繩
Xiang Changsha 繩子, 索子
Shuangfeng 繩子, 索子

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 索
variant forms 𡩡

Ultimately Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ស (sɑɑ, “white; to show something clearly”); cognate with 素 (OC *saːs, “colourless; plain”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • soh/sak - vernacular;
  • sok/sek - literary.
Rime
Character 索 索
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 陌 (115) 麥 (119)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III II
Fanqie 山戟切 山責切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠiæk̚/ /ʃˠɛk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚiak̚/ /ʃᵚæk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃiak̚/ /ʃɐk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂiajk̚/ /ʂəɨjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʃiɐk̚/ /ʃɛk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʃĭɐk̚/ /ʃæk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂiɐk̚/ /ʂæk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shi she
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 索
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 suǒ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ˁak/
English search (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索 索
Reading # 2/3 3/3
No. 12193 12195
Phonetic
component		 索 索
Rime
group		 鐸 錫
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 𡩡 栜
Old
Chinese		 /*sraːɡ/ /*sreːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. to search; to inquire into
  2. to request; to demand

Etymology 3
simp. and trad.
 索

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sak̚/
Li
Rong		 /sɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /sɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 suo
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
No. 12191
Phonetic
component		 索
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 索
Old
Chinese		 /*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. A surname​.

Etymology 4
simp. and trad.
 索

Pronunciation

Definitions

索

  1. (Cantonese, of a female) beautiful; pretty; hot; sexually attractive

Compounds
Derived terms from 索

Japanese

Kanji
索

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. string, thread

Readings
  • On (unclassified): さく (saku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: なわ (nawa, 索); もとめる (motomeru, 索める)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

索 • (saek, sak) (hangeul 색, 삭, revised saek, sak, McCune–Reischauer saek, sak, Yale sayk, sak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

索 (sách, tác, xách)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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