衛

See also: 衞 and 卫
衛 U+885B, 衛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-885B
← 衚
[U+885A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 衜 →
[U+885C]

Translingual

Han character

衛 (radical 144, 行+9 in Chinese, 行+10 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 16 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 竹人木手弓 (HODQN), four-corner 21227, composition ⿲彳韋亍)

References
  • KangXi: page 1109, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34073
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1574, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 845, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+885B

Chinese
trad. 衛/衞
simp. 卫
variant forms 䘙
𠀄

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷads) : semantic 行 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

Pronunciation
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 衛
Mandarin Beijing /uei⁵¹/
Harbin /uei²¹³/
Tianjin /vei⁵³/
Jinan /vei²¹/
Qingdao /ve⁴²/
Zhengzhou /uei³¹²/
Xi'an /uei⁴⁴/
Xining /uɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /vei⁵³/ 保～
/vei¹³/ ～生
Lanzhou /vei³¹/
Ürümqi /vei²¹³/
Wuhan /uei³⁵/
Chengdu /uei¹³/
Guiyang /uei²¹³/
Kunming /uei²¹²/
Nanjing /uəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /ue⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /vei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /uei³⁵/
Hohhot /vei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦui¹³/
Wenzhou /vu²²/
Hui Shexian /ue²²/
Tunxi /ue¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /uei⁵⁵/
/uei¹¹/
Xiangtan /uəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /ui²¹/
Hakka Meixian /vi⁵³/
Taoyuan /vui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐi²²/
Nanning /wɐi²²/
Hong Kong /wɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ue²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /uɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /y⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ue³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hui³⁵/
Rime
Character 衛
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 祭 (38)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 于歲切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠiuᴇiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚieiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦjwiajH/
Li
Rong		 /ɣjuɛiH/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭwɛiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɛiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wèi
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 衛
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 wèi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjwejH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a[t]-s/
English to guard

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 衛
Reading # 1/1
No. 12964
Phonetic
component		 衛
Rime
group		 祭
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 衞
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷads/
Notes 金文象四圍巡衛，
與韋有異

Definitions

衛

  1. to guard; to protect; to defend
  2. security guard
  3. (～國) State of Wey during the Zhou dynasty
  4. Short for 衛生／卫生 (wèishēng, “hygiene; health”).
  5. Short for 衛生間／卫生间 (wèishēngjiān, “toilet; bathroom”).
  6. (astronomy) satellite (in satellite names)
  7. A surname​.

Compounds
Derived terms from 衛

Japanese

Shinjitai

 衛

Kyūjitai

 衞

Kanji
衛

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 衞)

  1. defense
  2. protection

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
衛
えい
Grade: 5
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 衛 (MC ɦˠiuᴇiH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

衛 (hiragana えい, rōmaji ei, historical hiragana ゑい)

  1. defend; protect; guard

Proper noun

衛 (hiragana えい, rōmaji Ei, historical hiragana ゑい)

  1. (historical) Wey (state)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
衛
え
Grade: 5
goon

From Middle Chinese 衛 (MC ɦˠiuᴇiH).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

衛 (hiragana え, rōmaji e, historical hiragana ゑ)

  1. (rare) defend; protect; guard

Proper noun

衛 (hiragana まもる, rōmaji Mamoru)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

衛 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

衛 (vệ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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