鴻

See also: 鸿
鴻 U+9D3B, 鴻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D3B
← 鴺
[U+9D3A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鴼 →
[U+9D3C]

Translingual

Han character

鴻 (radical 196, 鳥+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水一竹火 (EMHF) or X水一竹火 (XEMHF), four-corner 37127, composition ⿰江鳥)

  1. species of wild swan
  2. vast

References
  • KangXi: page 1488, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46874
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2019, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4632, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+9D3B

Chinese
trad. 鴻
simp. 鸿

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
缸 *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ
篢 *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ
贑 *kluːmʔ
涳 *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江 *kroːŋ
肛 *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ
扛 *kroːŋ
杠 *kroːŋ
豇 *kroːŋ
茳 *kroːŋ
釭 *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼 *kroːŋ
玒 *kroːŋ, *koːŋ
虹 *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔 *kʰroːŋ
崆 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
羫 *kʰroːŋ
控 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
椌 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
悾 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫 *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌 *qʰroːŋ
谾 *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ
舡 *qʰroːŋ
項 *ɡroːŋʔ
屸 *ɡ·roːŋ
功 *koːŋ
工 *koːŋ
疘 *koːŋ
魟 *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻 *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
愩 *koːŋ
碽 *koːŋ
貢 *koːŋs
羾 *koːŋs
空 *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
箜 *kʰoːŋ
硿 *kʰoːŋ
埪 *kʰoːŋ
鵼 *kʰoːŋ
倥 *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚 *kʰoːŋs
叿 *qʰoːŋ
嗊 *qʰoːŋʔ
訌 *ɡoːŋ
紅 *ɡoːŋ
仜 *ɡoːŋ
葒 *ɡoːŋ
渱 *ɡoːŋ
鴻 *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ
汞 *ɡoːŋʔ
澒 *ɡoːŋʔ
鞏 *koŋʔ
巩 *koŋʔ
銎 *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ
恐 *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs
蛩 *ɡoŋ
筇 *ɡoŋ
桏 *ɡoŋ
邛 *ɡoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ) : phonetic 江 (OC *kroːŋ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 鴻 鴻
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 戸公切 胡孔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuŋ/ /ɦuŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuŋ/ /ɦuŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɣuŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦəwŋ/ /ɦəwŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɣuŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɣuŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuŋ/ /ɣuŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hóng hòng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鴻
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hóng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ huwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁoŋ/
English kind of wild goose

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鴻 鴻
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 4061 4062
Phonetic
component		 工 工
Rime
group		 東 東
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 洪 澒
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡoːŋ/ /*ɡoːŋʔ/

Definitions

鴻

  1. (literary) swan
  2. (literary) swan goose
  3. (literary, figuratively) letter; epistle; written message
  4. (literary) of great size; big; large; huge
  5. (literary) strong; powerful; energetic

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 鴻

Japanese

Kanji
鴻

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • Go-on: ぐ (gu)
  • Kan-on: こう (kō)
  • Kun: おおとり (ōtori, 鴻)←おほとり (ofotori, historical); ひしくい (hishikui, 鴻)←ひしくひ (fisikufi, historical)

Pronunciation
Kanji in this term
鴻
ひしくい
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Noun

鴻 (hiragana ひしくい, katakana ヒシクイ, rōmaji hishikui, historical hiragana ひしくひ, historical katakana ヒシクヒ)

  1. Alternative spelling of 菱食 (“taiga bean goose”)

Korean

Hanja

鴻 • (hong) (hangeul 홍, revised hong, McCune–Reischauer hong, Yale hong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鴻 (hồng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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