鹿
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
鹿 (radical 198, 鹿+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈X心 (IXP), four-corner 00211, composition ⿸⿸广⿻コ⿰丨丨比)
- Kangxi radical #198, ⿅.
Derived characters
- Index:Chinese radical/鹿
- 塵
References
- KangXi: page 1508, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47586
- Dae Jaweon: page 2036, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4727, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9E7F
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
鹿 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 鹿 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (鹿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
鄜 | *pʰlo, *roːɡ |
鹿 | *b·roːɡ |
漉 | *roːɡ |
轆 | *roːɡ |
簏 | *roːɡ |
螰 | *roːɡ |
麓 | *roːɡ |
騼 | *roːɡ |
摝 | *roːɡ |
廘 | *roːɡ |
蔍 | *roːɡ |
鏕 | *roːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a deer. Current form is highly abstracted – legs have transformed to 比 – note grouping of front and rear legs, which are bent – head has transformed to middle component (similar to 凸/曲), while antlers on top and extended lip/mouth on left transformed into 广. This transformation occurred during seal characters.
Contrast the very different development of 馬 (“horse”), and the transformation in 𢊁 (as in 薦), which has the head of 鹿 but the legs of 馬 (灬).
Pronunciation
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鹿 (“deer”) [map] | ||
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Variety | Location | Words |
Classical Chinese | 鹿 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鹿 | |
Taxonomic name | 鹿 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 鹿 |
Taiwan | 鹿 | |
Jinan | 鹿 | |
Xi'an | 鹿 | |
Wuhan | 鹿 | |
Chengdu | 鹿子 | |
Yangzhou | 鹿 | |
Hefei | 鹿 | |
Singapore | 鹿 | |
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 鹿 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鹿 |
Hong Kong | 鹿 | |
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 鹿 | |
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 鹿 | |
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 鹿 | |
Yangjiang | 鹿 | |
Kuala Lumpur | 鹿 | |
Ho Chi Minh City | 鹿 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 鹿 |
Hakka | Meixian | 鹿仔 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鹿仔 | |
Liudui (S. Sixian) | 鹿仔 | |
Hsinchu (Hailu) | 鹿仔 | |
Dongshi (Dabu) | 鹿 | |
Hsinchu (Raoping) | 鹿仔, 鹿 | |
Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 鹿 | |
Hong Kong | 鹿 | |
Senai | 鹿 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 鹿兒 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 鹿 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 鹿 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 鹿 |
Dongshan | 鹿 | |
Taipei | 鹿仔 | |
Kaohsiung | 鹿仔 | |
Tainan | 鹿 | |
Taichung | 鹿仔 | |
Hsinchu | 鹿仔 | |
Lukang | 鹿仔 | |
Sanxia | 鹿仔 | |
Yilan | 鹿仔 | |
Kinmen | 鹿仔 | |
Magong | 鹿 | |
Penang | 鹿 | |
Chaozhou | 鹿 | |
Johor Bahru | 鹿 | |
Puxian Min | Putian | 鹿 |
Wu | Shanghai | 鹿 |
Suzhou | 鹿 | |
Wuxi | 鹿 | |
Hangzhou | 鹿 | |
Wenzhou | 鹿 | |
Danyang | 鹿頭 | |
Jinhua | 鹿 | |
Ningbo | 鹿 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 鹿 |
Shuangfeng | 鹿 |
Compounds
References
- “Entry #8111”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
Derived terms
- 鹿沼 (Kanuma): Kanuma, Tochigi
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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鹿 |
しか Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
/seka/ → /sika/
Originally a compound of 夫 (se, “male”) + 鹿 (ka, “deer”), in contrast to 女鹿 (meka, “female deer”, archaic).[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
- deer
- 奈良公園には鹿しかいない。
- Nara kōen ni wa shika shika inai.
- There is nothing but deer in Nara Park.
- 奈良公園には鹿しかいない。
Idioms
- 鹿を逐う者は山を見ず (shika o ou mono wa yama o mizu): “someone chasing a deer doesn't see the mountain” → a metaphor for how someone who is fixed on a target can be oblivious to the challenges in the way
Descendants
- → English: sika deer
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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鹿 |
かせぎ Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
From the resemblance to a 桛木 (kasegi, “cross-shaped spindle; a branching point in a tree”)
Noun
鹿 (hiragana かせぎ, rōmaji kasegi)
- (archaic) deer
- 1212: Hōjōki
- 山鳥のほろと鳴くを聞きても、父か母かと疑ひ、峰のかせぎの近くなれたるにつけても、世に遠ざかるほどを知る。
- Yamadori no horo to naku o kikite mo, chichi ka haha ka to utagahi, mine no kasegi no chikaku naretaru ni tsukete mo, yo ni tōzakaru hodo oshiru.
- Hearing the horo call of the mountain pheasant, wondering if it were my father or mother [calling from beyond the grave], and seeing how the deer on the ridge are so tame that they come close by, all of it shows me how far away I am from the world.
- 山鳥のほろと鳴くを聞きても、父か母かと疑ひ、峰のかせぎの近くなれたるにつけても、世に遠ざかるほどを知る。
- 1212: Hōjōki
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
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鹿 |
かのしし Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Originally a compound of 鹿 (ka, “deer”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 肉 (しし, “meat, flesh”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
- 鹿の肉
Noun
鹿 (hiragana しし, rōmaji shishi)
- (archaic) a beast (used for its meat, such as a boar or a deer)
- short for 猪武者 (inoshishi musha): a reckless warrior
- short for 鹿狩り (shishi-gari): a deer hunter
- (slang) a female attendant at a bathhouse or hot spring
- (slang, archaic) a female prostitute at a bathhouse or hot spring
Usage notes
The beast sense is more commonly spelled 獣.
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term |
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鹿 |
ろく Grade: S |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 鹿 (luwk, “deer”). Compare modern Min Nan reading lo̍k.
References
- Ichiko, Teiji (1212) Hōjōki (Shintei), Iwanami Shoten, published 1989, →ISBN
- Nishio, Minoru (1957) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei: Hōjōki, Tsurezuregusa, Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN