鼓

See also: 皼
鼓 U+9F13, 鼓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F13
← 鼒
[U+9F12] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鼔 →
[U+9F14]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

鼓 (radical 207, 鼓+0, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土廿十水 (GTJE), four-corner 44147, composition ⿰壴支)

  1. Kangxi radical #207, ⿎.

Derived characters
  • Index:Chinese radical/鼓

References
  • KangXi: page 1526, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48330
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2061, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4763, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F13

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 鼓

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 鼓
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (鼓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皷 *kʷaːʔ
鼓 *kʷaːʔ
瞽 *kʷaːʔ

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 鼓
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 公戸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kuoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kuoX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /koX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɔX/
Li
Rong		 /koX/
Wang
Li		 /kuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gǔ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鼓
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kuX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˁaʔ/
English drum (n. & v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鼓
Reading # 1/1
No. 4337
Phonetic
component		 鼓
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 古
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷaːʔ/
Notes 亦同皷

Definitions

鼓

  1. (music) drum
  2. to beat; to strike; to play (a musical instrument)
  3. to blow
  4. to incite; to encourage
  5. to bulge

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 鼓

Japanese

Kanji
鼓

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. drum

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
鼓
つづみ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/tudumi1/ → /tudumi/ → /t͡sud͡zumi/ → /t͡suzumi/

Attested in the Nihon Shoki. From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tuntumi. Related to Okinawan 鼓 (ちじん, chijin).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

鼓 (hiragana つづみ, rōmaji tsuzumi)

  1. generic name for musical instruments with a leather head that can be struck.
  2. a tsuzumi, hand drum with leather heads at both ends, used in Japanese traditional performing arts:
    1. a 小鼓 (kotsuzumi)
    2. an 大鼓 (ōtsuzumi)
  3. a style of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”), like the leather head of a tsuzumi

Proper noun

鼓 (hiragana つずみ, rōmaji Tsuzumi)

  1. A surname​.

鼓 (hiragana つづみ, rōmaji Tsuzumi)

  1. A female given name
  2. A surname​.

Etymology 2

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun

鼓 (hiragana つつみ, rōmaji Tsutsumi)

  1. A surname​.

鼓 (hiragana ひびき, rōmaji Hibiki)

  1. A female given name
    from 響き (hibiki, “echo”)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鼓 (eumhun 북 고 (buk go))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鼓 (cổ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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