rive
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(e)reip- (“to crumble, tear”). Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift.
Verb
rive (third-person singular simple present rives, present participle riving, simple past rived or rove, past participle rived or riven)
- (transitive, archaic except in past participle) To tear apart by force; to rend; to split; to cleave.
- (Can we date this quote?) William Shakespeare
- I have seen tempests, when the scolding winds / Have rived the knotty oaks […]
- (Can we date this quote?) William Shakespeare
- (transitive, archaic) To pierce or cleave with a weapon.
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter vj, in Le Morte Darthur, book II:
- And therwith she toke the swerd from her loue that lay ded and fylle to the ground in a swowne / And whan she aroos she made grete dole out of mesure / the whiche sorowe greued Balyn passyngly sore / and he wente vnto her for to haue taken the swerd oute of her hād but […] sodenly she sette the pomell to the ground / and rofe her self thorow the body
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter vj, in Le Morte Darthur, book II:
- (intransitive) To break apart; to split.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queen, II.vi:
- The varlet at his plaint was grieu'd so sore, / That his deepe wounded hart in two did riue […].
- (Can we date this quote?) John Woodward
- Freestone rives, splits, and breaks in any direction.
- 2012, David W. Phillipson, Foundations of an African Civilisation. Aksum & the northern Horn, 1000 BC–AD 1300, Woodbridge, Suffolk: James Currey, page 10:
- To the west, the country descends more gradually to the extensive plains of the Nile Valley but is riven by the rugged valleys of the Takezze and other Nile tributaries.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queen, II.vi:
- (transitive, rare) To burst open; explode; discharge.
- 1821, William Shakespeare, James Boswell, Richard Farmer, The Plays and Poems of William Shakespeare:
- Ten thousand French have ta'en the sacrament, To rive their dangerous artillery
- 1821, William Shakespeare, James Boswell, Richard Farmer, The Plays and Poems of William Shakespeare:
- (woodworking) To use a technique of splitting or sawing wood radially from a log (e.g. clapboards).
Translations
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /riːvə/, [ˈʁiːwə]
Inflection
Etymology 2
From Old Norse rífa, from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /riːvə/, [ˈʁiːwə]
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈriʋeˣ/, [ˈriʋe̞(ʔ)]
- Hyphenation: ri‧ve
Declension
Inflection of rive (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | rive | riveet | |
genitive | riveen | riveiden riveitten | |
partitive | rivettä | riveitä | |
illative | riveeseen | riveisiin riveihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | rive | riveet | |
accusative | nom. | rive | riveet |
gen. | riveen | ||
genitive | riveen | riveiden riveitten | |
partitive | rivettä | riveitä | |
inessive | riveessä | riveissä | |
elative | riveestä | riveistä | |
illative | riveeseen | riveisiin riveihin | |
adessive | riveellä | riveillä | |
ablative | riveeltä | riveiltä | |
allative | riveelle | riveille | |
essive | riveenä | riveinä | |
translative | riveeksi | riveiksi | |
instructive | — | rivein | |
abessive | riveettä | riveittä | |
comitative | — | riveineen |
Derived terms
- tervarive
French
Etymology
From Old French, from Latin rīpa, from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to cut, tear, scratch”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁiv/
audio (file)
Further reading
- “rive” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Friulian
Latin
References
- rive in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /riːvə/
Noun
rive f or m (definite singular riva or riven, indefinite plural river, definite plural rivene)
- a rake (garden and agricultural tool)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /riːvə/
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
rive f (definite singular riva, indefinite plural river, definite plural rivene)
- a rake (garden and agricultural tool)
Verb
rive (present tense riv, past tense reiv, past participle rive, present participle rivande, imperative riv)
- Alternative form of riva
References
- “rive” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.