land

See also: Land, länd, lǟnd, and -land

English

Pronunciation
  • enPR: lănd, IPA(key): /lænd/, IPA(key): /ɫeə̯nd/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ænd

Etymology 1

From Middle English lond, land, from Old English land, lond (“earth, land, soil, ground; defined piece of land, territory, realm, province, district; landed property; country (not town); ridge in a ploughed field”), from Proto-Germanic *landą (“land”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Scots laund (“land”), West Frisian lân (“land”), Dutch land (“land, country”), German Land (“land, country, state”), Norwegian and Swedish land (“land, country, shore, territory”), Icelandic land (“land”). Non-Germanic cognates include Old Irish lann (“heath”), Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”), Old Church Slavonic лѧдо (lędo), from Proto-Slavic *lęda (“heath, wasteland”) and Albanian lëndinë (“heath, grassland”).

Noun

land (countable and uncountable, plural lands)

  1. The part of Earth which is not covered by oceans or other bodies of water.
    Most insects live on land.
  2. Real estate or landed property; a partitioned and measurable area which is owned and on which buildings can be erected.
    There are 50 acres of land in this estate.
  3. A country or region.
    They come from a faraway land.
  4. A person's country of origin and/or homeplace; homeland.
  5. The soil, in respect to its nature or quality for farming.
    wet land; good or bad land for growing potatoes
  6. A general country, state, or territory.
    He moved from his home to settle in a faraway land.
  7. (often in combination) realm, domain.
    I'm going to Disneyland.
    Maybe that's how it works in TV-land, but not in the real world.
  8. (agriculture) The ground left unploughed between furrows; any of several portions into which a field is divided for ploughing.
  9. (Ireland, colloquial) A fright.
    He got an awful land when the police arrived.
  10. (electronics) A conducting area on a board or chip which can be used for connecting wires.
  11. In a compact disc or similar recording medium, an area of the medium which does not have pits.
  12. (travel) The non-airline portion of an itinerary. Hotel, tours, cruises, etc.
    Our city offices sell a lot more land than our suburban offices.
  13. (obsolete) The ground or floor.
    • Spenser
      Herself upon the land she did prostrate.
  14. (nautical) The lap of the strakes in a clinker-built boat; the lap of plates in an iron vessel; called also landing.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)
  15. In any surface prepared with indentations, perforations, or grooves, that part of the surface which is not so treated, such as the level part of a millstone between the furrows.
    1. (ballistics) The space between the rifling grooves in a gun.
    • 2008 August 1, Steele, Lisa, “Ballistics”, in Eric York Drogin, editor, Science for Lawyers, American Bar Association, page 16:
      The FBI maintains a database, the General Rifling Characteristics (GRC) file, which is organized by caliber, number of lands and grooves, direction of twist, and width of lands and grooves, to help an examiner figure out the origin of a recovered bullet.
    • 2012 November 15, Jonny Lee Miller as Sherlock Holmes, “One Way to Get Off”, in Elementary, season 1, episode 7:
      The human eye is a precision instrument. It can detect grooves and lands on a slug more efficiently than any computer.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
fright — see fright

Verb

land (third-person singular simple present lands, present participle landing, simple past and past participle landed)

  1. (intransitive) To descend to a surface, especially from the air.
    The plane is about to land.
  2. (dated) To alight, to descend from a vehicle.
    • 1859, “Rules adopted by the Sixth Avenue Railway, N. Y.”, quoted in Alexander Easton, A Practical Treatise on Street or Horse-Power Railways, page 108:
      10. You will be civil and attentive to passengers, giving proper assistance to ladies and children getting in or out, and never start the car before passengers are fairly received or landed.
  3. (intransitive) To come into rest.
  4. (intransitive) To arrive at land, especially a shore, or a dock, from a body of water.
  5. (transitive) To bring to land.
    It can be tricky to land a helicopter.
    Use the net to land the fish.
    • Shakespeare
      I'll undertake to land them on our coast.
  6. (transitive) To acquire; to secure.
    • 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport‎:
      As Di Matteo celebrated and captain John Terry raised the trophy for the fourth time, the Italian increased his claims to become the permanent successor to Andre Villas-Boas by landing a trophy.
  7. (transitive) To deliver.
Derived terms
Terms derived from the verb land
Translations
to arrive at land, especially a shore, or a dock, from a body of water
to deliver — see deliver

Adjective

land (not comparable)

  1. Of or relating to land.
  2. Residing or growing on land.
Translations

Etymology 2

From Old English hland.

Noun

land (uncountable)

  1. lant; urine

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for land in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch land, from Old Dutch lant, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [lant]

Noun

land (plural lande)

  1. country; nation

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Danish land, from Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lan/, [lanˀ]

Noun

land n (singular definite landet, plural indefinite lande)

  1. country (nation state)
  2. land
  3. part of Earth that is not covered in water
    Vi kom i land i går.
  4. (chiefly definite singular) countryside
    Han bor på landet.
Usage notes

In compounds: land-, lande-, lands-.

Inflection
Declension of land
neuter
gender		 Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landet lande landene
genitive lands landets landes landenes

Etymology 2

See lande (“to land”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lan/, [lanˀ]

Verb

land

  1. imperative of lande

Etymology 3

From land (“country”). Possibly influenced by proper nouns like English Disneyland and Danish Legoland. [from 1969]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /-lan/, [-ˌlanˀ]

Noun

*land n

  1. (bound morpheme, only used as the last part of compounds) a large area or facility dedicated to a certain type of activity or merchandise
Compounds
  • badeland
  • legeland
  • sommerland
  • vandland

Dutch

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɑnt/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: land
  • Rhymes: -ɑnt

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch lant, from Old Dutch lant, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun

land n (plural landen, diminutive landje n)

  1. land; country
  2. land (part of Earth not covered by water)
Derived terms
Descendants

Verb

land

  1. first-person singular present indicative of landen
  2. imperative of landen

Elfdalian

Etymology

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Swedish land.

Noun

land n

  1. country; nation

Declension
Declension of land
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landeð land landę
accusative land landeð land landę
dative lande landę landum landum(e)
genitive — — — —

Faroese

Etymology 1

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun

land n (genitive singular lands, plural lond)

  1. land
  2. coast
  3. country, nation
  4. ground, soil
  5. the state
Declension
n8 Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landið lond londini
Accusative land landið lond londini
Dative landi landinum londum londunum
Genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hland, from Proto-Germanic *hlandą, from Proto-Indo-European *klān- (“liquid, wet ground”). Cognate with Lithuanian klanas (“pool, puddle, slop”).

Noun

land n (genitive singular lands, uncountable)

  1. (uncountable) urine
Declension
n8 Singular
Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landið
Accusative land landið
Dative landi landinum
Genitive lands landsins

Gothic

Romanization

land

  1. Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lant/
  • Rhymes: -ant

Noun

land n (genitive singular lands, nominative plural lönd)

  1. (uncountable) land, earth, ground (part of the Earth not under water)
  2. (countable) country
    Japan er fallegt land.
    Japan is a beautiful country.
  3. (uncountable) countryside, country
    Ég bý úti á landi.
    I live in the country.
  4. (uncountable) land, as a mass noun, measurable in quantity
  5. (countable) tracts of land, an estate
    Ég á þetta land og allt sem er á því.
    I own this land and everything on it.

Declension
declension of land
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landið lönd löndin
accusative land landið lönd löndin
dative landi landinu löndum löndunum
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Derived terms

Middle English

Noun

land

  1. Alternative form of lond

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɑn/
  • Rhymes: -ɑn

Etymology 1

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Noun

land n (definite singular landet, indefinite plural land, definite plural landa or landene)

  1. country
  2. land
Derived terms
Terms derived from land

Verb

land

  1. imperative of lande

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Akin to English land.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɑnː/, /lɑnd/

Noun

land n (definite singular landet, indefinite plural land, definite plural landa)

  1. country
    Noreg er eit land i nord.
    Norway is a country in the north.
  2. land
    Det var mangel på land for jordbruk.
    There was a lack of land for agriculture.

Derived terms
Terms derived from land

References

Old Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą.

Noun

land n (genitive lanz, plural land)

  1. land
    • 1241, Codex Holmiensis, prologue.
      Mæth logh skal land byggæs.
      With law shall land be built.

Declension
Declension of land (Scanian system)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit land landin
accusative land landit land landin
dative landi landinu landum landunum
genitive lanz lanzins landa landanna
The declension is unstable and should be treated as a guide. The case system was gradually being simplified from four to two cases. Even some nominative markers were sporadically kept in the Scanian dialect, although they mostly were replaced with the accusative endings from Old Norse.

Descendants

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Old Saxon land, Old Frisian land, lond, Old Dutch lant (Dutch land), Old High German lant (German Land), Old Norse land (Swedish land), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land). The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Celtic *landā (Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”)).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɑnd/

Noun

land n

  1. land (dry portion of the Earth's surface)
  2. a country
  3. region within a country: district, province
  4. the country, countryside
  5. owned or tilled land, an estate

Declension
Declension of land (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative land land
accusative land land
genitive landes landa
dative lande landum

Derived terms
Derived prefix terms
  • landādl f (“nostalgia”)
  • landāgend m (“landowner”)
  • landāgende (“landowning”)
  • landār f (“land holdings, a landed estate”)
  • landbegang m (“land tilling or dwelling”)
  • landbegenga m (“husbandman, farmer”)
  • landbōc f (“land charter”)
  • landbrǣce m (“land breaking or ploughing”)
  • landbūend f (“a settlement, a colony”)
  • landbūend m (“husbandman, a native, an earthling”)
  • landbūende (“dwelling in a land, living on earth”)
  • landbūnes f (“a settlement, a colony”)
  • landcēap m (“fine or tax on bought land”)
  • landcofa m (“the old city of Shechem”)
  • landefne n (“amount of land holdings”)
  • landfeoh n (“a land rent or tax”)
  • landfird f (“a land journey, expedition, land force”)
  • landfirding f (“overland military operations”)
  • landfolc n (“the people of the land”)
  • landfruma m (“a prince”)
  • landfæsten n (“a land fastness, a stronghold”)
  • landġehwearf n (“land swap”)
  • landġemaca m (“neighbor”)
  • landġemirce n (“boundary”)
  • landgemǣre n (“boundary, confine”)
  • landġesceaft n (“the earth's creation & created things”)
  • landġeweorc n (“a land's main stronghold”)
  • landġewyrpe n (“earthen heaps cast up”)
  • landhere m (“land forces”)
  • landhlāford m (“landlord, landowner”)
  • landhredding f (“redemption of mortgaged land”)
  • landhæbbende (“landowning, land-having as a ruler”)
  • landhæfen f (“land holdings”)
  • landlagu f (“law or regulation in a district”)
  • landlēas (“landless”)
  • landlēod m (“an inhabitant or the people of a land”)
  • landlēoda m (“a native of a land”)
  • landlyre m (“loss of land”)
  • landmann m (“a native of a land”)
  • landmearc (“belonging to a land's boundaries”)
  • landmearc f (“boundary of a land or an estate”)
  • landmearca m (“a territory”)
  • landopenung f (“a breaking up of land”)
  • landrest f (“a grave”)
  • landrīca f (“a landlord”)
  • landrīce n (“a territory”)
  • landriht n (“the law of the land”)
  • landrǣden f (“district or country ordinance, disposition, or institution”)l
  • landsceap n (“a district or swath of land, landscape”)
  • landscearu f (“a share or deal of land”)
  • landscipe m (“a region or swath of land”)
  • landseten f (“land possession or occupation thereof”)
  • landsetla m (“a settler or tenant”)
  • landsidu m (“custom of the land”)
  • landsittende (“occupying land”)
  • landsōcn f (“land or country seeking”)
  • landspēd f (“land holdings”)
  • landspēdiġ (“rich in land holdings or estates”)
  • landsplott m (“a small plot of ground”)
  • landstede m (“a land”)
  • landstycce n (“a small plot of land”)
  • landsǣta m (“a settler, colonist”)
  • landwaru f (“people of land, a land”)
  • landweard m (“the warden of a land, a prince”)
  • landwela m (“the earth's wealth”)
  • landælf f (“land-elf”)
Derived suffix terms
  • almeslond m (“land bequeathed in frankalmoigne, i.e. rich in land is rich in soul”)
  • ātland (“land for the growing of oats, oatland”)
  • bēanland (“land for the growing of beans, beanland”)
  • behātland (“the promised land”)
  • bēodland (“land to defray food consumption, as in a monastery”)
  • berland (“land for the growing of barley, bearland”)
  • bōcland (“freehold”)
  • bondeland (“bond or leased land under written conditions”)
  • burglond n (“city-land, urban landscape”)
  • burhland (“burglond”)
  • būrland (“peasant occupied land”)
  • cēapland (“bought land, compare to landcēap”)
  • ciricland (“church-land, land belonging to the church”)
  • dūnland (“down or hilly land”)
  • ēaland (“a water land or island”)
  • ealdland (“long untilled or unploughed land”)
  • eardland (“a fatherland”)
  • earningland (“land earned or made freehold”)
  • eġland (“īġland”)
  • eīġland (“īġland”)
  • eleland (“a strange or foreign land”)
  • emnland (“even land, plains”)
  • eringlond n (“arable land”)
  • etelond n (“pasture land”)
  • ēðelland (“the homeland or native country”)
  • feldland (“a field or plain, antonym to dūnland”)
  • fenland (“lfen or fenland”)
  • feohland (“pasture land”)
  • feorlond n (“a far off land”)
  • folcland (“the folk-land, the land of the people”)
  • fōsterland (“land for fostering, fosterland”)
  • friþland (“a land at peace with one’s own”)
  • fæstland (“land hardened to withstand attacks”)
  • gafolland (“tenant land”)
  • ġebūrland (“farmland, husbanded land, the boors’ land”)
  • ġedālland (“land that may get owned by sundry partners, divided common land”)
  • ġehātland (“the promised land”)
  • ġehlotland (“land doled out by lot”)
  • ġelonda m (“a fellow countryman, a ġelēod”)
  • ġenēatland (“tenant land”)
  • ġerēfland (“tributary land”)
  • hēafodland (“a headland or boundary”)
  • hēahland (“the high ground”)
  • hēahlandrīca (“a justice of the peace”)
  • hereġeatland (“obligatory bequest of land to a lord or king, Heriot-land”)
  • hwǣteland (“land for the growing of wheat, wheatland”)
  • hǣþfeldland (“moorland or heathland”)
  • īġland (“island”)
  • inland (“Demesne land”)
  • irfeland (“heritable land”)
  • irþland (“arable land”)
  • līnland (“land for the growing of flax or linseed”)
  • lǣnland (“loaned or leased land”)
  • mearcland (“borderland, or wasteland beyond the tilled land, marshland”)
  • merscland (“marshland”)
  • mōrland (“moorland, the wild & hilly hinterland”)
  • muntland (“hilly country”)
  • mynsterland (“land belonging to the monastery”)
  • mǣdland m (“meadow or mown grass land”)
  • mǣdweland (“meadow or mown grass land”)
  • mæstland (“land for the forthteeing of mast, i.e. tree nuts”)
  • nēahland (“neighboring country”)
  • norþland (“a northern land, the northern shore”)
  • rēfland (“sundorġerēfland, i.e. particular tributary lands”)
  • rihtlandġemǣre n (“lawful boundary”)
  • sacerdland (“land set aside for priests”)
  • sandland (“the seashore”)
  • scrūdland (“a land grant wherewith to buy clothing”)
  • sīdland (“wide open land”)
  • sundorland (“separate or particularly owned land”)
  • sūþland (“a southern land, the southern shore”)
  • sǣland (“maritime district”)
  • tēoþungland (“land subject to tithe payment”)
  • timberland (“timberland”)
  • tūnland (“land of a farm or estate”)
  • unfriþland (“a hostile country”)
  • unland (“a thing that is not land”)
  • uppeland (“rural country away from town”)
  • ūtanlandes (“abroad”)
  • ūtland (“a foreign country or land”)
  • wealhland (“a foreign country or land”)
  • wīdland (“broad land, the earth’s surface”)
  • wīnland (“grapevine land, wine producing region”)
  • þēodland (“a peopled region or country”)
Derived national terms
  • Bretland (“Britain”)
  • Brytenlond n (“the land of Britain, Britain”)
  • Brytland (“the land of Britain, Britain, Wales”)
  • Centland (“Kentish land, Kent”)
  • Cumberland (“Cumberland”)
  • Cwēnland (“historical Lapland, or roughly Finland”)
  • Ēastland (“the eastern lands, the Orient, or Estonia”)
  • Francland (“Frankland, land of the Franks, i.e. France”)
  • Freslond n (“Friesland, Frisia”)
  • Gotland (“Gothland, or Götaland, i.e. a region of Norway”)
  • Grēcland (“Greece”)
  • Hālgoland (“Hålogaland, i.e. a region of Norway”)
  • Hungerland (“Hungary”)
  • Īraland (“Ireland”)
  • Langaland (“a Danish island in the Baltic Sea”)
  • Scotland (“a name for Ireland ere the Scottish left it behind”)
  • Seaxland (“England”)
  • Swēoland (“Sweden”)
  • Weonodland (“the land of the Wends”)
  • Wihtland (“an alternative to Wiht, or the Isle of Wight”)
  • Scedeland
  • belandian (“to bereave of land, dispossess”)
  • belendan (“to bereave of land, dispossess”)
  • ġelandian (“to land, to become land”)
  • ġelendan (“to near, land, or come into lands as wealth”)
  • lendan (“to come to land”)

Descendants

References

Old Irish

Noun

land ?

  1. Alternative spelling of lann

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
land
also lland after a proclitic		 land
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/		 land
also lland after a proclitic
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Old Saxon land, Old Frisian land, lond, Old English land, lond, Old Dutch lant, Old High German lant, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land).

Noun

land n (genitive lands, plural lǫnd)

  1. land

Declension
  Declension of land (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit lǫnd lǫndin
accusative land landit lǫnd lǫndin
dative landi landinu lǫndum lǫndunum
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Descendants

References
  • land in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”). Cognate with Old English land, lond, Old Frisian land, lond, Dutch land, Old High German lant (German Land), Old Norse land (Swedish land), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 (land). The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Celtic *landā (Welsh llan (“enclosure”), Breton lann (“heath”)).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɑnd/

Noun

land n

  1. land

Declension
Declension of land (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative land land
accusative land land
genitive landes landō
dative lande landun
instrumental — —


Descendants
  • Middle Low German: lant
    • Dutch Low Saxon: laand
    • German Low German: Land

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą.

Noun

land n

  1. land

Declension
Declension of land (a-stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative land landit land landin
accusative land landit land landin
dative landi, -e landinu, -eno landum, -om landumin, -omen
genitive lands landsins landa landanna

Descendants

Polish

Etymology

From German Land.

Noun

land m inan

  1. (Poznań dialectal) rural area: the country(side)

Synonyms

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish land, from Old Norse land, from Proto-Germanic *landą, from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“land, heath”).

Pronunciation
  • audio(file)

Noun

land n

  1. a land, a country, a nation, a state
  2. (uncountable) land, ground, earth, territory; as opposed to sea or air
    land i sikte!
    land in sight!
    efter kriget tvangs förlorande staterna avträda mycket land
    after the war, the losing states had to cede much land
  3. (uncountable) land, countryside, earth, ground suitable for farming; as opposed to towns and cities
    livet på landet
    life in the countryside
    stad och land
    town and country
  4. a garden plot, short for trädgårdsland; small piece of ground for growing vegetables, flowers, etc.

Declension
Declension of land 1
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet länder länderna
Genitive lands landets länders ländernas
Declension of land 2-3
Uncountable
Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet — —
Genitive lands landets — —
Declension of land 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative land landet land landen
Genitive lands landets lands landens

Synonyms
  • (country): nation
  • (neither sea nor air): backe, landbacke, mark
  • (ground suitable for farming): mark (owned land in general, for farming or not)

Derived terms

References
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