Eurovision Song Contest 1990

Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Dates
Final	5 May 1990
Host
Venue	Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall; Zagreb, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia
Presenter(s)	Helga Vlahović; Oliver Mlakar
Musical director	Igor Kuljerić; Stanko Selak (assistant)
Directed by	Nenad Puhovski
Executive supervisor	Frank Naef
Executive producer	Goran Radman
Host broadcaster	Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija (JRT); Radiotelevizija Zagreb (RTZ)
Website	eurovision.tv/event/zagreb-1990
Participants
Number of entries	22
Debuting countries	None
Returning countries	None
Non-returning countries	None
	Participation map Participating countries Countries that participated in the past but not in 1990;
Vote
Voting system	Each country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song	Italy; "Insieme: 1992"

The Eurovision Song Contest 1990 was the 35th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It was held in Zagreb, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia,[lower-alpha 1] following the country's victory at the 1989 contest with the song "Rock Me" by Riva. It was the only time Yugoslavia hosted the contest. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcasters Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija (JRT) and Radiotelevizija Zagreb (RTZ), the contest was held at Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall on 5 May 1990 and was hosted by Croatian television presenters Helga Vlahović and Oliver Mlakar.[1] It was the first Eurovision Song Contest held in the Balkans as well as the first and only contest held in a communist or socialist state.

Twenty-two countries took part in the contest, the same countries that had participated the previous year.

The winner was Italy with the song "Insieme: 1992" by Toto Cutugno. Cutugno was aged 46 years and 302 days at the time of his victory, making him the oldest winner of the contest to date, the first to be aged in their forties since 1958. He held the record until 2000.[2] The 1990 contest also notably remains the last time that the five countries that would later become known as the "Big Five" – Italy, France, Spain, the United Kingdom and Germany – all placed in the top 10 (Italy won, France tied for second, Spain came fifth, the UK came sixth and Germany came ninth).

Location

Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall, Zagreb – host venue of the 1990 contest.

Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, was the second largest city in Yugoslavia. Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall was chosen to host the contest. The concert hall and convention center is named after Vatroslav Lisinski, a 19th-century Croatian composer.[3] The building has a big hall with 1,841 seats and a small hall with 305 seats.[3]

In order to host the 1990 contest, the venue underwent its first major renovation in 1989.[4] In 1992, the hall's copper roof cover was completely replaced.[4] Further reconstruction and redecoration work was done in 1999 and 2009.[5][6]

Participating countries

Malta had originally planned on competing in this edition of the contest, but the rules stated that a maximum of 22 countries were allowed to compete.[7] Since no countries withdrew, there wasn't an opening for Malta.

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1990[8][9][10][11]
Country	Broadcaster	Artist	Song	Language	Songwriter(s)	Conductor
Austria	ORF	Simone	"Keine Mauern mehr"	German[lower-alpha 2]	Mario Botazzi Nanna Berry Wolfgang Berry	Richard Oesterreicher
Belgium	RTBF	Philippe Lafontaine	"Macédomienne"	French	Philippe Lafontaine	Rony Brack
Cyprus	CyBC	Anastasiou	"Milas poli" (Μιλάς πολύ)	Greek	Haris Anastasiou John Vickers	Stanko Selak
Denmark	DR	Lonnie Devantier	"Hallo Hallo"	Danish	John Hatting Keld Heick Torben Lendager	Henrik Krogsgaard
Finland	YLE	Beat	"Fri?"	Swedish	Janne Engblom Kim Engblom Stina Engblom Tina Krause	Olli Ahvenlahti
France	Antenne 2	Joëlle Ursull	"White and Black Blues"	French	Georges Augier de Moussac Serge Gainsbourg	Régis Dupré
Germany	BR[lower-alpha 3]	Chris Kempers and Daniel Kovac	"Frei zu leben"	German	Michael Kunze Ralph Siegel	Rainer Pietsch
Greece	ERT	Christos Callow	"Horis skopo" (Χωρίς σκοπό)	Greek	Giorgos Palaiokastriris Giorgos Papagiannakis	Mihalis Rozakis
Iceland	RÚV	Stjórnin	"Eitt lag enn"	Icelandic	Aðalsteinn Ásberg Sigurðsson Hörður G. Ólafsson	Jon Kjell Seljeseth
Ireland	RTÉ	Liam Reilly	"Somewhere in Europe"	English	Liam Reilly	Noel Kelehan
Israel	IBA	Rita	"Shara Barkhovot" (שרה ברחובות)	Hebrew	Rami Kleinstein Tzruya Lahav	Rami Levin
Italy	RAI	Toto Cutugno	"Insieme: 1992"	Italian	Toto Cutugno	Gianni Madonini
Luxembourg	CLT	Céline Carzo	"Quand je te rêve"	French	Thierry Delianis Jean-Charles France	Thierry Durbet
Netherlands	NOS	Maywood	"Ik wil alles met je delen"	Dutch	Alice May	Harry van Hoof
Norway	NRK	Ketil Stokkan	"Brandenburger Tor"	Norwegian	Ketil Stokkan	Pete Knutsen
Portugal	RTP	Nucha	"Há sempre alguém"	Portuguese	Luís Filipe Francisco Teotónio Pereira Frederico Teotónio Pereira Jan van Dijck	Carlos Alberto Moniz
Spain	TVE	Azúcar Moreno	"Bandido"	Spanish	José Luis Abel Raúl Orellana Jaime Stinus	Eduardo Leiva
Sweden	SVT	Edin-Ådahl	"Som en vind"	Swedish	Mikael Wendt	Curt-Eric Holmquist
Switzerland	SRG SSR	Egon Egemann	"Musik klingt in die Welt hinaus"	German	Cornelia Lackner	Bela Balint
Turkey	TRT	Kayahan	"Gözlerinin Hapsindeyim"	Turkish	Kayahan Açar	Ümit Eroğlu
United Kingdom	BBC	Emma	"Give a Little Love Back to the World"	English	Paul Curtis	Alyn Ainsworth
Yugoslavia	JRT	Tajči	"Hajde da ludujemo" (Хајде да лудујемо)	Serbo-Croatian	Alka Vuica Zrinko Tutić	Stjepan Mihaljinec

Returning artists

Artist	Country	Previous year(s)
Ketil Stokkan	Norway	1986
Pepel in kri (backing vocalists)	Italy	1975 (for Yugoslavia)
Kari Kuivalainen (backing vocalist)[13]	Finland	1986

Production and format

The Eurovision Song Contest 1990 was the first to implement an age rule. The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) were forced to bring in a restriction rule after criticism arose over the ages of two performers at 1989 contest, being just 11 and 12 years old. From 1990, no artist under the age of 16 on the day of the contest could perform on stage. This rule meant that the record for the youngest ever winner at Eurovision could never be broken, as Sandra Kim, who won for Belgium at the 1986 competition, was 13 years old.[7]

There was a slightly uncomfortable beginning to the rehearsal week when, offended by press comments concerning their ages (Vlahović being 45 at the time and Mlakar being 54), the two presenters quit the show. They were briefly replaced by Rene Medvešek and Dubravka Marković, who were much younger, but the misunderstandings were eventually allayed and Vlahović and Mlakar returned to the contest.[7]

The lyrics of several entries celebrated the revolution and democratisation that had occurred in central and eastern Europe in the preceding months, focusing especially on the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989,[7] such as in the Norwegian and Austrian entries. However, the winning song was an even more sweeping evocation of European unity, in anticipation of the completion of the European single market, due at the end of 1992.

From a musical perspective both Spain's "Bandido" and France's "White and Black Blues" can be said to be the first entries to signal a new trend at Eurovision, with both songs fusing contemporary dance music with ethnic influences, from flamenco and calypso respectively.[7]

In contrast to previous editions, cameras moved from and to the stage during the performances, and showed angles that could not be seen by spectators in the hall, a feature that marked a change in the visual esthetics of the contest.[14]

The 1990 contest was the first year to feature an official mascot, Eurocat,[7] created by Joško Marušić. This mischievous purple cat popped up during the 'postcards' of each of the 22 entries, which also included travelogues of the country about to perform, in conjunction with the European Year of Tourism 1990.

This was the most profitable Eurovision up until that point.[15]

Contest overview

A notorious mishap occurred at the start of the first song, when a noticeably long delay caused by problems with the backing track (the sound engineer having forgotten to switch on the sound on the headphones of Spain's conductor Eduardo Leiva, who had to count in the orchestra playing the strings and brass along to the backing track) was followed by the Spanish singers Azúcar Moreno missing their cue. They walked off the stage in barely concealed annoyance and the audience was left in confusion for a moment, but the song was then restarted without any further problems.[7]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1990[16]
R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Points	Place
1	Spain	Azúcar Moreno	"Bandido"	96	5
2	Greece	Christos Callow	"Horis skopo"	11	19
3	Belgium	Philippe Lafontaine	"Macédomienne"	46	12
4	Turkey	Kayahan	"Gözlerinin Hapsindeyim"	21	17
5	Netherlands	Maywood	"Ik wil alles met je delen"	25	15
6	Luxembourg	Céline Carzo	"Quand je te rêve"	38	13
7	United Kingdom	Emma	"Give a Little Love Back to the World"	87	6
8	Iceland	Stjórnin	"Eitt lag enn"	124	4
9	Norway	Ketil Stokkan	"Brandenburger Tor"	8	21
10	Israel	Rita	"Shara Barkhovot"	16	18
11	Denmark	Lonnie Devantier	"Hallo Hallo"	64	8
12	Switzerland	Egon Egemann	"Musik klingt in die Welt hinaus"	51	11
13	Germany	Chris Kempers and Daniel Kovac	"Frei zu leben"	60	9
14	France	Joëlle Ursull	"White and Black Blues"	132	2
15	Yugoslavia	Tajči	"Hajde da ludujemo"	81	7
16	Portugal	Nucha	"Há sempre alguém"	9	20
17	Ireland	Liam Reilly	"Somewhere in Europe"	132	2
18	Sweden	Edin-Ådahl	"Som en vind"	24	16
19	Italy	Toto Cutugno	"Insieme: 1992"	149	1
20	Austria	Simone	"Keine Mauern mehr"	58	10
21	Cyprus	Anastasiou	"Milas poli"	36	14
22	Finland	Beat	"Fri?"	8	21

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for their respective country via telephone. Known spokespersons at the 1990 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

Detailed voting results[19][20]
		Total score	Spain	Greece	Belgium	Turkey	Netherlands	Luxembourg	United Kingdom	Iceland	Norway	Israel	Denmark	Switzerland	Germany	France	Yugoslavia	Portugal	Ireland	Sweden	Italy	Austria	Cyprus	Finland
Contestants	Spain	96		8	1	10	2		1	4	5			6	12	5	3	5			8	8	8	10
	Greece	11					5																6
	Belgium	46					7	4			1			4	8	8		2	1	7		4
	Turkey	21					3			2	4				5		7
	Netherlands	25		1		3		1	4			2		3		6		1			2		2
	Luxembourg	38		4					3						3	12	2	3			1	5	5
	United Kingdom	87	7	5	12			3				10	3	10	1	10	10		6		6	1	3
	Iceland	124	4	3	10	1		8	12		10	8	10	7			4	12	7	8	3	10		7
	Norway	8										4	1						3
	Israel	16					4							2	4		1							5
	Denmark	64	6		3	2				7	7	7		1				7	4	3	7	6	4
	Switzerland	51	1	12		6		2					12			1	5	8					1	3
	Germany	60	8		6			12	7	1			4						10	4	5	3
	France	132	5		4	4	12			12	12	6	5	12	10		12	4	8	5		2	7	12
	Yugoslavia	81	3			12			5	10	3	12	7			2			5	1	10		10	1
	Portugal	9						7	2
	Ireland	132	10	7	7	5	10	6	10	8	8		8	5	7	7		6		12		12		4
	Sweden	24	2	2			6		6		6				2
	Italy	149	12	10	8	8	8	10		3		1	6	8	6	4	6	10	12	10		7	12	8
	Austria	58			2	7	1	5	8	6						3	8		2	2	12			2
	Cyprus	36		6	5						2	5	2							6	4			6
	Finland	8								5		3

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
6	France	Finland, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, Yugoslavia
3	Italy	Cyprus, Ireland, Spain
2	Iceland	Portugal, United Kingdom
	Ireland	Austria, Sweden
	Switzerland	Denmark, Greece
	Yugoslavia	Israel, Turkey
1	Austria	Italy
	Germany	Luxembourg
	Luxembourg	France
	Spain	Germany
	United Kingdom	Belgium

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[21] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below. In addition to the participating countries, host Helga Vlahović mentioned several countries as among the non-participants broadcasting the contest (Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Japan, Poland, Romania, South Korea and the Soviet Union);[22] however, for most of these countries, no information is known about which broadcasters showed the contest and who, if anyone, provided commentary for each.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country	Broadcaster	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Austria	ORF	FS1	Barbara Stöckl	[23][24]
Belgium	RTBF	RTBF1	Claude Delacroix	[25][26][27]
	BRT	TV2	Luc Appermont	[25][26][28]
	BRT	BRT 2	Unknown	[26]
Cyprus	CyBC	RIK	Neophytos Taliotis	[29]
Denmark	DR	DR TV	Jørgen de Mylius	[30]
Denmark	DR	DR P3	Karlo Staunskær and Kurt Helge Andersen	[30]
Finland	YLE	TV1	Erkki Pohjanheimo and Ossi Runne	[31][32][33]
Finland	YLE	2-verkko	Unknown	[31][32][33]
France	Antenne 2		Richard Adaridi	[34]
Germany	ARD	Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen	Fritz Egner	[23][35]
Greece	ERT	ET1	Dafni Bokota	[36][37]
Iceland	RÚV	Sjónvarpið, Rás 1	Arthúr Björgvin Bollason	[38]
Ireland	RTÉ	RTÉ 1	Jimmy Greeley and Clíona Ní Bhuachalla	[39][40][41]
Ireland	RTÉ	RTÉ Radio 1	Larry Gogan	[39][40][41]
Israel	IBA	Israeli Television	Unknown	[42]
Israel	IBA	Reshet Gimel	Unknown	[42]
Italy	RAI	Rai Due[lower-alpha 4]	Peppi Franzelin	[43][44]
Luxembourg	CLT	Unknown	Unknown	[45]
Netherlands	NOS	Nederland 3	Willem van Beusekom	[26][28]
Norway	NRK	NRK Fjernsynet, NRK P2	Leif Erik Forberg	[46][47]
Portugal	RTP	RTP Canal 1	Unknown	[48]
Spain	TVE	TVE 2, TVE internacional	Luis Cobos	[49]
Sweden	SVT	TV2	Jan Jingryd	[18][31][46]
Sweden	RR	SR P3	Kersti Adams-Ray	[18][46]
Switzerland	SRG SSR	SRG Sportkette	Bernard Thurnheer	[23][34]
		SSR Chaîne sportive	Unknown
		TSI Canale sportivo	Unknown
Turkey	TRT	TV1	Unknown	[50]
United Kingdom	BBC	BBC1	Terry Wogan	[9][51][52]
United Kingdom	BBC	BBC Radio 2	Ken Bruce	[9][51][52]
Yugoslavia	JRT	TV Beograd 1	Unknown	[53][54][55]
		TV Ljubljana 1	Unknown
		TV Zagreb 1	Unknown

Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country	Broadcaster	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref(s)
Australia	SBS	SBS TV[lower-alpha 5]	Unknown	[56]
Bulgaria	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Canada	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
China	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Czechoslovakia	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Hungary	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Japan	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Poland	TVP	TVP1[lower-alpha 6]	Unknown	[57]
Romania	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Soviet Union	CT USSR	Programme One	Unknown	[31][33]
Estonian SSR	ETV		Unknown	[31][33]
South Korea	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	[22]

Notes and references

Notes

Located in present-day Croatia.
Contains phrases in English, French and Serbo-Croatian
On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[12]
Deferred broadcast at 23:20 CEST (21:20 UTC)[43]
Deferred broadcast on 6 May at 19:30 AEST (09:30 UTC)[56]
Delayed broadcast on 19 May 1990 at 21:05 CEST (19:05 UTC)[57]

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External links

Official website

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[1] Located in present-day Croatia.

[13] Contains phrases in English, French and Serbo-Croatian

[15] On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[12]

[47] Deferred broadcast at 23:20 CEST (21:20 UTC)[43]

[61] Deferred broadcast on 6 May at 19:30 AEST (09:30 UTC)[56]

[63] Delayed broadcast on 19 May 1990 at 21:05 CEST (19:05 UTC)[57]

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Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Countries	Austria Belgium Cyprus Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Yugoslavia
Artists	Anastasiou Azúcar Moreno Beat Christos Callow and Wave Céline Carzo Toto Cutugno Lonnie Devantier Edin-Ådahl Egon Egemann Emma Kayahan Chris Kempers and Daniel Kovac Philippe Lafontaine Maywood Nucha Liam Reilly Rita Simone Stjórnin Ketil Stokkan Tajči Joëlle Ursull
Songs	"Bandido" "Brandenburger Tor" "Eitt lag enn" "Frei zu leben" "Fri?" "Give a Little Love Back to the World" "Gözlerinin Hapsindeyim" "Há sempre alguém" "Hajde da ludujemo" "Hallo Hallo" "Horis skopo" "Ik wil alles met je delen" "Insieme: 1992" "Keine Mauern mehr" "Macédomienne" "Milas poli" "Musik klingt in die Welt hinaus" "Quand je te rêve" "Shara Barkhovot" "Som en vind" "Somewhere in Europe" "White and Black Blues"