List of conflicts in Africa

This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major episodes of national violence (riots, massacres, etc.), and global conflicts in which Africa was a theatre of war.

African Great Lakes

Burundi

1972 Burundi genocide
October 22, 1993 – August 2005 Burundi Civil War
- December 28, 2000 Titanic Express Massacre
- September 9, 2002 Itaba Massacre
- August 13, 2004 Gatumba Massacre
April 26, 2015 – 17 May 2018 Burundian unrest

Rwanda

November 1, 1959 - July 1, 1961 Rwandan Revolution

December 21, 1963 - December 27, 1963 Bugesera invasion

October 1, 1990 – July 18, 1994 Rwandan Civil War

- April 7, 1994 – July 15, 1994 Rwandan genocide

Kenya

August 3, 1914 – November 1918 East African Campaign (World War I)
June 10, 1940 – November 27, 1941 East African Campaign (World War II)
1952–1960 Mau Mau Uprising
1963–1967 Shifta War
1980 Garissa Massacre
February 10, 1984 Wagalla massacre
1987–1990 Kenyan-Ugandan border conflict
2005 Turbi Village Massacre
2007–2008 Kenyan crisis

South Sudan

May 25, 2008 – ongoing Sudanese nomadic conflicts
January 7, 2011 – ongoing Ethnic violence in South Sudan
May 19, 2011 – ongoing Sudan–SRF conflict
March 26, 2012 – September 26, 2012 Sudan–South Sudan Border War (Heglig Crisis)
December 15, 2013 – February 22, 2020 South Sudanese Civil War

Tanzania

July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
1964 Zanzibar Revolution
1972 Invasion of Uganda
1978–1979 Uganda–Tanzania War

Uganda

January 25, 1971 Coup d'état
1972 Invasion of Uganda
July 4, 1976 Operation Entebbe
October 30, 1978 – April 11, 1979 Uganda-Tanzania War
- April 11, 1979 Fall of Kampala
1980–1985 Uganda National Rescue Front
1982–1986 Ugandan Civil War
1986–1988 Uganda People's Democratic Army
1986–1987 Holy Spirit Movement
1987–1990 Kenyan-Ugandan border conflict
1987–ongoing Lord's Resistance Army
1996–ongoing Allied Democratic Forces
1996–2002 Uganda National Rescue Front II

Central Africa

Cameroon

1804–1808 Fulani War
1835–1836 Fula jihads
July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
September 1, 1939 – September 2, 1945 World War II
July 2 2006 - ongoing Bakassi conflict
March 2014 – ongoing Boko Haram insurgency
September 9 2017 - ongoing Anglophone Crisis

Central African Republic

1928–1931 Kongo-Wara rebellion
1987–present Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
2004–2007 Central African Republic Bush War
2012–present Central African Republic Civil War
- 13 April 2013 – 10 January 2014 Central African Republic conflict under the Djotodia administration

Kanem Empire

c. 1203–1243 Dunama Dabbalemi, of the Sayfawa dynasty, mai of the Kanem Empire, declared jihad against the surrounding tribes and initiated an extended period of conquest
c. 1342 - c. 1388 Fall of Kanem
- c. 1342 - c. 1352 Sao Resurgence
- c. 1376 - c. 1388 Bulala Invasion

French Chad

1909-1911 Ouaddai War
1915 - 15 November 1917 Massacre des coupes-coupes (in Arabic: Kabkab Massacre, مجزرة كبكب)

Republic of Chad

1 November 1965 Mangalmé riots
1965-2010 War in Chad
- 1965-2010 Chadian Civil War
  - 1965-1970 Civil war in Chad
  - 1979-1982 Civil war in Chad
  - 1998-2002 Civil war in Chad
- 18 December 2005 - 15 January 2010 Civil war in Chad
  - 18 December 2005 Battle of Adré
  - 6 January 2006 Borota raid
  - 6 March 2006 Amdjereme raid
  - 13 April 2006 Battle of N'Djamena
  - 1 May 2006 Dalola raid
  - 2-4 February 2008 Battle of N'Djamena
  - 18 June 2008 Battle of Am Zoer
  - 7 May 2009 Battle of Am Dam
  - 24-28 April 2010 Battle of Tamassi
- 1978-1987 Chadian-Libyan conflict
  - 1983-1984 Operation Manta
  - 13 February 1986-2014 Opération Épervier
  - 1986 Tibesti War
  - 16 December 1986 - 11 September 1987 Toyota War
11 April 2002 - ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb

Congo (Republic of)

1665–1709 Kongo Civil War
Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–94)
1997–1999 Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)
2016–2017 The Pool War

Congo (Democratic Republic of)

1892–1894 Congo Arab war
1895–1908 Batetela rebellion
28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918 World War I
1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945 World War II
July 5, 1960 – November 25, 1965 Congo Crisis
- 1964 Simba Rebellion
1960–ongoing Katanga insurgency
March 8, 1977 – May 26, 1977 Shaba I
May 11, 1978 – June 1978 Shaba II
1987–ongoing Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
1996–ongoing ADF insurgency
October 24, 1996 – May 16, 1997 First Congo War
August 2, 1998 – July 18, 2003 Second Congo War
- 1999–ongoing Ituri Conflict
- 2004–ongoing Kivu Conflict
- 2012–2013 M23 rebellion
- December 2013 – c. 2018 Batwa-Luba clashes
8 August 2016 – c. 2019 Kamwina Nsapu rebellion

São Tomé and Príncipe

February 3, 1953 Batepá Massacre

Horn of Africa

Djibouti

November 1991 – December 1994 Djiboutian Civil War
June 10, 2008 – June 13, 2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict

Italian Eritrea

1895-1896 First Italo-Ethiopia War
- 13 January 1895 Battle of Coatit
3 October 1935 - May 1936 Second Italo-Ethiopian War
- 3 October 1935 - December 1935 De Bono's invasion of Abyssinia

Italian East Africa

10 June 1940 - 27 November 1941 World War II
- 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
  - 10 June 1940 - 27 November 1941 East African Campaign
    - 5 February 1941 - 1 April 1941 Battle of Keren

Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea

1 September 1961 - 29 May 1991 Eritrean War of Independence
- 24 July 1967 - 172 men killed in Hazemo
- 1967 - 50 students suspected of being members of the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) had been hanged in the centre of Agordat.
- 17 January 1970 - 60 village elders in Elabared had been rounded up for supporting the Eritrean Liberation Front and killed.
- 30 November 1970 - 121 people in Basik Dera had been rounded up into the local mosque and killed.
- 1 December 1970 - Ethiopian Army units surrounded and killed 625 people in Ona, and burned the village down
- 28 December 1974 - 45 students in Asmara were strangled to death and their bodies dumped in alleyways and doorsteps
- 2 February 1975 - During an engagement with the EPLF and the ELF, the Ethiopian Army attacked the church where 103 villagers in Woki Duba had taken refuge
- 14 February 1975 - Ethiopian troops fired on and killed 300-3,000 civilians in Asmara and nearby villages
- 9 March 1975 - Ethiopian troops killed 208 civilians in Agordat
- August 1975 - 250 villagers in Om Hajer were machine-gunned in front of a river
- April 1988 - Three killed by aerial attacks in Agordat
- 5 December 1988 - 400 killed in She'eb
- 3-4 April 1990 - Aerial attacks in Afabet killed 67 and wounded 125
- 24 April 1990 - Aerial attacks and cluster bombs in Massawa killed 50 and wounded 110
- 1977-1978 Battle of Massawa
- 1977 Siege of Barentu
- 17-20 March 1988 Battle of Afabet
- 8-10 February 1990 Battle of Massawa

Ethiopian Empire

February 1972 - 13 October 1974 First Eritrean Civil War

Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia

February 1980 - 24 March 1981 Second Eritrean Civil War

Transitional Government of Ethiopia

15-17 December 1995 Hanish Islands conflict

State of Eritrea

6 May 1998 - 25 May 2000 Eritrean-Ethiopian War
10-13 June 2008 Djiboutian-Eritrean border conflict
1 January 2010 Eritrean-Ethiopian border skirmish

Axumite Empire

c. 300 CE Ezana of Axum is said to have launched several military campaigns and destroyed the Kingdom of Kush
525 Conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom by Axum
570-578 Aksumite-Persian wars
- Battle of Hadhramaut
- Siege of Sanaa (570)
c. 900 King of Aksum Degna Djan led military expeditions as far south as Ennarea
c. 960 Axumite Empire is said to have been destroyed by Gudit of the Kingdom of Simien

Makhzumi Dynasty

c. 1270 Makhzumi Sultan assisted Yekuno Amlak rebellion against Zagwe dynasty
c. 1285 the Conquest of Makhzumi by the Ifat Sultanate

Ethiopian Empire

1314-1344 Conquests of the Emperor Amda Seyon I
- c. 1316 Early military actions
  - c. 1316 Emperor Amda Seyon I successfully campaigned against the Muslim kingdoms of Damot and Hadiya
- c. 1320 Rebellion of Haqq ad-Din I
- c. 1329 Northern campaigns
- c. 1332 Later campaigns
- c. 1320-1415 Abyssinian wars against the Sultanate of Ifat
1529-1543 Ethiopian-Adal War
- March 1529 Battle of Shimbra Kure
- 1531 Battle of Antukyah
- 28 October 1531 Battle of Amba Sel
- 24 April 1541 Battle of Sahart
- 2 February 1542 Battle of Baçente
- 4-16 April 1542 Battle of Jarte
- August 1542 Battle of the Hill of the Jews
- 28 August 1542 Battle of Wofla
- 21 February 1543 Battle of Wayna Daga
1769-1855 Zemene Mesafint
December 1867 - May 1868 British Expedition to Abyssinia
12 January 1872 - 10 March 1889 Conquests of Yohannes IV of Ethiopia
- 1875-1881 War with Ottoman Egypt
- 1885 War with Sudan
1886-1887 war with Emirate of Harar
- October 1886 Battle of Hirna
- 9 January 1887 Battle of Chelenqo
1881-1899 Mahdist War
- 14 October 1888 Battle of Guté Dili
1895-1896 First Italo-Ethiopia War
- 1 March 1896 Battle of Adwa
- 7 December 1895 Battle of Amba Alagi
- 13 January 1895 Battle of Coatit
3 October 1935 - May 1936 Second Italo-Ethiopia War
- 3 October - December 1935 De Bono's invasion of Abyssinia
- 15 December 1935 - 20 January 1936 Ethiopian Christmas Offensive
- 12-20 January 1936 Battle of Genale Doria
- 20-24 January 1936 First Battle of Tembien
- 1-19 February 1936 Battle of Amba Aradam
- 27-29 February 1936 Second Battle of Tembien
- 29 February - 2 March 1936 Battle of Shire
- 31 March 1936 Battle of Maychew
- 14-25 April 1936 Battle of the Ogaden
- 26 April - 5 May 1936 March of the Iron Will
1 September 1939 - 2 September 1945 World War II
- 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
  - 10 June 1940 - 27 November 1941 East African Campaign

Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea

1 September 1961 - 29 May 1991 Eritrean War of Independence

Ethiopian Empire

12 September 1974 - 28 May 1991 Ethiopian Civil War

Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia

13 July 1977 - 15 March 1978 Ethio-Somali War
June - August 1982 Ethiopian-Somali Border War

Transitional Government of Ethiopia

1992 - ongoing Oromo conflict
1994-2018 Insurgency in Ogaden

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

6 May 1998 - 25 May 2000 Eritrean-Ethiopian War
7 October 2002 - ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa
3 November 2020 - 3 November 2022 Tigray conflict

Ajuuraan State

1580s Ajuran-Portuguese wars

Italian East Africa

10 June 1940 - 27 November 1941 World War II
- 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
  - 10 June 1940 - 27 November 1941 East African Campaign
    - 3-19 August 1940 Italian conquest of British Somaliland

Somali Democratic Republic

13 July 1977 - 15 March 1978 Ethio-Somali War
6 April 1981 - 18 May 1991 Somaliland War of Independence
June-August 1982 Ethiopian-Somali Border War
26 January 1991 - ongoing Somali Civil War
- 1978 - 1991 Somali Rebellion
- 9 December 1992 - 4 May 1993 Unified Task Force
- 22 August 1993 - 13 October 1993 Operation Gothic Serpent
  - 3-4 October 1993 Battle of Mogadishu

Transitional Federal Government

26 January 1991 - ongoing Somali Civil War
- 4 June - 20 December 2006 Advance of the Islamic Courts Union
  - 7 May - 11 July 2006 Battle of Mogadishu
- 20 December 2006 - 30 January 2009 War in Somalia
  - 20-26 December 2006 Battle of Baidoa
  - 23-25 December 2006 Battle of Bandiradley
  - 24-25 December 2006 Battle of Beledweyne
  - 27 December 2006 Battle of Jowhar
  - 28 December 2006 Fall of Mogadishu
  - 31 December 2006 - 1 January 2007 Battle of Jilib
  - 1 January 2007 Fall of Kismayo
  - 5-12 January 2007 Battle of Ras Kamboni
  - 21 March - 26 April 2007 Battle of Mogadishu
  - 31 May - 3 June 2007 Battle of Bargal
  - 8-16 November 2007 Battle of Mogadishu
  - 19-20 April 2008 Battle of Mogadishu
  - 1-26 July 2008 Battle of Beledweyne
  - 8 July 2008 - 26 January 2009 Siege of Baidoa
  - 20-22 August 2008 Battle of Kismayo
Piracy in Somalia
- 28 March 2006 Action
- 3 June 2007 Action
- 8 December 2008 - ongoing Operation Atalanta
- 16 September 2008 Carré d'As IV incident
- 9 April 2009 Raid off Somalia
- 8-12 April 2009 Maersk Alabama hijacking
- 17 August 2009 - ongoing Operation Ocean Shield
- 23 March 2010 Action
- 30 March 2010 Action
- 5 April 2010 Action
- 6 May 2010 MV Moscow University hijacking
- 18-21 January 2011 MV Beluga Nomination incident
- 16-19 June 2011 Operation Umeed-e-Nuh
- 12 January 2012 Attack on Spanish oiler Patiño
31 January 2009 - ongoing War in Somalia
- 22 February 2009 African Union base bombings in Mogadishu
- 24-25 February 2009 Battle of South Mogadishu
- 7 May - 1 October 2009 Battle of Mogadishu
- 11 May - 1 October 2009 Battle for Central Somalia
- 5 June 2009 Battle of Wabho
- 18 June 2009 Beledweyne bombing
- 1-7 October 2009 Battle of Kismayo
- 10-14 January 2010 Battle of Beledweyne
- May-July 2010 Ayn clashes
- 1 May 2010 Mogadishu bombings
- 20 July 2010 Kenya-Al-Shabaab border clash
- 8 August - 17 October 2010 Galgala campaign
- 23 August 2010 - 6 August 2011 Battle of Mogadishu
- 27 April 2011 Battle of Gedo
- 4 October 2011 Mogadishu bombing
- 16 October 2011 - June 2012 Operation Linda Nchi
- 28 September - 1 October 2012 Battle of Kismayo
- 11 January 2013 Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt
June 2007 - May 2008 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden
7 October 2001 - ongoing War on Terrorism
- 7 October 2002 - ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa
  - 18 March 2006 Action
  - 5-12 January 2007 Battle of Ras Kamboni
  - 3 June 2007 Action
  - 31 May - 3 June 2007 Battle of Bargal
  - 3 March 2008 Dobley airstrike
  - 1 May 2008 Dhusamareb airstrike
  - 8-12 April 2009 Maersk Alabama hijacking
  - 17 August 2009 - ongoing Operation Ocean Shield
  - 14 September 2009 Baraawe raid
  - 25 January 2012 Rescue of Jessica Buchanan and Poul Hagen Thisted

Federal Republic of Somalia

7 October 2001 - ongoing War on Terrorism
- 7 October 2002 - ongoing Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa
  - 11 January 2013 Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt

Somaliland

c. 1700 BCE Invasion of Ancient Egypt by the Kingdom of Kush and the Land of Punt
1529–1543 Ethiopian-Adal War
1827 Battle of Berbera 1827
1900–1920 Somaliland Campaign
1922 1922 Burao Tax Revolt
June 10, 1940 – November 27, 1941 East African Campaign (World War II)
August 3, 1940 – August 19, 1940 Italian conquest of British Somaliland
July 2, 1945 – July 7, 1945 1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion
July 13, 1977 – March 15, 1978 Ethio-Somali War
April 6, 1981 - May 18, 1991 Somaliland War of Independence
1998 - ongoing Puntland-Somaliland dispute

Indian Ocean islands

Comoros

March 25, 2008 – March 27, 2008 Invasion of Anjouan

Madagascar

1883–1885 First Madagascar expedition
1894–1895 Second Madagascar expedition
1942 Battle of Madagascar (World War II)
1947–1948 Madagascar revolt

Mauritius

August 20, 1810 – August 27, 1810 Battle of Grand Port

North Africa

Algeria

264 BCE – 146 BCE Punic Wars
112 BCE – 106 BCE Jugurthine War
420s Vandals conquer the Roman province
June 533 – March 534 Vandalic War
544 – Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
1518 Fall of Tlemcen
1529 Capture of Peñón of Algiers
September 14, 1769 – May 16, 1772 Danish–Algerian War
1830 – 1847 French conquest of Algeria
1835 – 1903 Pacification of Algeria
June 10, 1940 – May 13, 1943 North African Campaign (World War II)
May 8, 1945 Sétif and Guelma massacre
November 1, 1954 – March 19, 1962 Algerian War
October 1963 Sand War
1970 – ongoing Western Sahara conflict
December 26, 1991 – February 2002 Algerian Civil War
April 11, 2002 – ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb

Egypt

1803–1807 Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
1881–1899 Mahdist War
June 11, 1940 – February 4, 1943: North African Campaign, part of World War II
October 29 – November 7, 1956 Suez Crisis
June 5, 1967 – June 10, 1967 Six-Day War
July 1, 1967 – August 7, 1970 War of Attrition
October 6, 1973 – October 25, 1973 Yom Kippur War
July 21, 1977 – July 24, 1977 Libyan–Egyptian War
January 25, 2011 – ongoing 2011 Egyptian Revolution and Aftermath
- January 25, 2011 – February 11, 2011 Egyptian Revolution
- Egyptian crisis (2011–14)
- February 23, 2011 – ongoing Sinai insurgency
- November 22, 2012 – July 3, 2013 Egyptian protests
- June 28, 2013 – July 3, 2013 June 2013 Egyptian protests
- July 3, 2013 – ongoing Political violence in Egypt
- 2013 – ongoing Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present)

Libya

c. 1279 BC – 1213 BC Ramesses II's Campaigns in Libya
264 BC – 146 BC Punic Wars
112 BC – 106 BC Jugurthine War
420s Vandals conquer the Roman province
June 533 – March 534 Vandalic War
544 Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
647 – 709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
Ottoman–Habsburg wars
- 1551 Siege of Tripoli
1793 – 1795 Tripolitanian civil war
1797 Action of 16 May 1797
1801 – 05 First Barbary War
1825 Sardinian-Tripolitanian war of 1825
1911 – 43 Libyan resistance movement
1911 – 12 Italo-Turkish War
June 11, 1940 – February 4, 1943 Western Desert Campaign, part of World War II
1977 Libyan-Egyptian War
1978 – 87 Chadian-Libyan conflict
August, 1980 Tobruk incident
May 8, 1984 Bab al-Azizia siege
2011 Libyan Civil War
2011 – 2014 Post-civil war violence in Libya
- 2014 – 2020 Second Libyan Civil War

Morocco

264 BCE – 146 BCE Punic Wars
112 BCE – 106 BCE Jugurthine War
420s Vandals conquer the Roman province
June 533 – March 534 Vandalic War
544 Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
647–709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
739–743 Berber Revolt
1130–1147 Almoravid-Almohad War
1215–1269 Almohad-Marinid War
1125–1269 Almohad-Marinid War
1299–1370 Morocco-Tlemcen conflict
1415–1578 Moroccan-Portuguese conflict
1465 Moroccan Revolt
1527–1554 Wattassid-Saadian War
September 1497 Conquest of Melilla
1554–1830 Moroccan-Turkish border conflict
1577 A Moroccan expedition occupied Taghaza
1582 A first expedition to Timbuktu was defeated
1591 A Moroccan expeditionary force defeated the Songhay army at Tondibi and conquered Gao, Timbuktu and Djenné
1603–1627 War of Succession
1613–1666 Civil War
1844 First Franco-Moroccan War
1859 Spanish-Moroccan War
1893 Rif War
1909 Rif War
1911–1912 Second Franco-Moroccan War
1920–1926 Rif War
1914–1921 Zaian War
1942 North African Campaign
1957–1958 Ifni War
1963 Sand War
1970–ongoing Western Sahara conflict
1975–1991 Western Sahara War
April 11, 2002 – ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb

Nubia

c. 3050 BCE Hor-Aha, the second pharaoh of Egypt, led a campaign against the Nubians

Kingdom of Kerma

c. 1506 BCE - 1493 BCE During the reign of Thutmose I, the Kingdom of Kerma rebelled against Egyptian rule and Thutmose I traveled up the Nile and fought in the battle, killing the Nubian king.

Egyptian Empire

c. 1282 BCE Seti's military campaigns
c. 1279 BCE - 1213 BCE Remesses II's campaigns in Nubia

Kingdom of Kush

23 BCE The Roman prefect of Egypt invaded the Kingdom of Kush after an initial attack by the queen of Meröe, razing Napata to the ground
c. 300 CE Ezana of Axum launched several military campaigns, destroying the Kingdom of Kush

Kingdom of Makuria

1312 Mamluk Invasion

Sultanate of Darfur

1722-1786 Civil War

Egyptian Eyalet

February 1820 - October 1822 Invasion of Libya and Sudan

Khedivate of Egypt

1899-1901 Rabih War
- 1874 Rabih az-Zubayr conquered the Sultanate of Darfur
1881-1899 The Mahdist War
- 3-5 November 1883 Battle of El Obeid
- 4-29 February 1884 First and Second Battles of El Teb
- 13 March 1884 Battle of Tamai
- 13 March 1884 - 26 January 1885 Siege of Khartoum
- 17 January 1885 Battle of Abu Klea
- 10 February 1885 Battle of Kirbekan
- 22 March 1885 Battle of Tofrek
- 30 December 1885 Battle of Ginnis
- 20 December 1888 Battle of Suakin
- 9-10 March 1889 Battle of Gallabat
- 17 July 1894 Battle of Kassala
- 7 June 1896 Battle of Ferkeh
- 8 April 1898 Battle of Atbara
- 2 September 1898 Battle of Omdurman
- 25 November 1899 Battle of Umm Diwaykarat

Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

28 July 1914 - 11 November 1918 World War I
- 29 October 1914 - 30 October 1918 Middle Eastern theatre
  - 1914-1918 North African theatre
    - 19 November 1915 - February 1917 Senussi Campaign

1 September 1939 - 2 September 1945 World War II
- 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
  - 10 June 1940 - 27 November 27 1941 East African Campaign
    - 3-19 August 1940 Italian conquest of British Somaliland
    - 5 February 1941 - 1 April 1941 Battle of Keren
    - 4-19 May 1941 Battle of Amba Alagi
    - 13-27 November 1941 Battle of Gondar

Republic of the Sudan

18 August 1955 - 27 March 1972 First Sudanese Civil War
- 1969-1972 Anyanya rebellion

Democratic Republic of the Sudan

1 April 1983 - January 2005 Second Sudanese Civil War

Republic of the Sudan

1987 - ongoing Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
2003 - ongoing War in Darfur
- 10-12 May 2008 Attack on Omdurman and Khartoum
18 December 2005 - 15 January 2010 Chad-Sudan conflict
27-29 November 2006 Battle of Malakal
January 2009 - ongoing Sudanese nomadic conflicts
- 23 April 2010 South Darfur clash
7 January 2011 - ongoing South Sudan internal conflict
19 May 2011 - ongoing Sudan-SRF conflict
26 March - 26 September 2012 Sudan-South Sudan Border War
- 26-28 March 2012 First Battle of Heglig
- 17-18 April 2012 Abyei border clash
- 15 December 2013 - 22 February 2020 South Sudanese Civil War

Carthaginian Empire

264-146 BCE Punic Wars
- 264-241 BCE First Punic War
  - 255 BCE Siege of Aspis
  - 255 BCE Siege of Adys
  - 255 BCE Battle of Tunis
- 240-238 BCE Mercenary War
  - Spring 240 BCE Battle of Utica
  - Autumn 240 BCE Battle of the Bagradas River
  - Autumn 240 BCE Hamilcar's victory with Navaras
  - 238 BCE Battle of "The Saw"
  - 238 BCE Siege of Tunis
- 218-201 BCE Second Punic War
  - 203 BCE Battle of Utica
  - 203 BCE Battle of the Great Plains
  - 19 October 202 BCE Battle of Zama
- 149-146 BCE Third Punic War
  - 147 BCE Battle of the Port of Carthage
  - 147 BCE Battle of Nepheris
  - c. 149 BCE - Spring 146 BCE Battle of Carthage

Kingdom of Numidia

112-106 BCE Jugurthine War
- 111-104 BCE Battle of Thala
- 110 BCE Battle of Suthul
- 108 BCE Battle of the Muthul

Roman Province of Africa

238 CE Battle of Carthage
439 CE Genseric broke the treaty between the Vandals and the Romans when he invaded the province of Africa Proconsularis and laid siege to Carthage.
Germanic Wars
- 468 CE Battle of Cap Bon

Vandal Kingdom

June 533 - Mach 534 Vandalic War
- 13 September 533 Battle of Ad Decimum
- 15 December 533 Battle of Tricamarum

Byzantine Praetorian Prefecture of Africa

The Moorish Wars
- 534 First Moorish uprising
- 536 Military mutiny
- 544 Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
577 Conflict with Moorish kingdom of Garmul

Byzantine Exarchate of Africa

647-709 Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
- 698 Battle of Carthage

Aghlabids

824-836 Military mutiny
879-880 Invasion of al-Abbas ibn Ahmad ibn Tulun

Fatimid Caliphate

909 Fatimid conquest of Ifriqiya from the Aghlabids
943-947 Rebellion of Abu Yazid

Almohad Caliphate

1160 Ifriqiya conquered and annexed by the Almohads
1171-1172 Conquest of North Africa and Nubia by the Ayyubid Dynasty

Ayyubid Dynasty

1171-1172 Conquest of North Africa and Nubias by the Ayyubid Dynasty

Hafsid Dynasty

1269 Eighth Crusade

Ottoman Tunisia

1526-1791 Ottoman-Habsburg wars
- 16 August 1534 Conquest of Tunis
- June 1535 Conquest of Tunis
- 12 July - 13 September 1574 Conquest of Tunis

French Protectorate of Tunisia

1 September 1939 - 2 September 1945 World War II
- 10 June 1940 - 2 May 1945 Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
  - 10 June 1940 - 13 May 1943 North African Campaign
    - 17 November 1942 - 13 May 1943 Tunisia Campaign
      - 10 November - 25 December 1942 Run for Tunis
      - February - May 1943 Battle of Sedjenane
      - 14-17 February 1943 Battle of Sidi Bou Zid
      - 19-25 February 1943 Battle of the Kasserine Pass
      - 6 March 1943 Battle of Medenine
      - 16-27 March 1943 Operation Pugilist
      - 23 March - 3 April 1943 Battle of El Guettar
      - 5-27 April 1943 Operation Flax
      - 6-7 April 1943 Battle of Wadi Akarit
      - 27 April - 1 May 1943 Battle of Hill 609
      - 6-12 May 1943 Operation Vulcan
      - 8-13 May 1943 Operation Retribution
1952-1956 Tunisian Independence

Kingdom of Tunisia

1952-1956 Tunisian Independence

Republic of Tunisia

19-23 July 1961 Bizerte Crisis
18 December 2010 - 14 January 2011 Tunisian Revolution
26 June 2015 - ongoing ISIL insurgency in Tunisia

Southern Africa

Angola

February 4, 1961 – April 25, 1974 Angolan War of Independence
November 11, 1975 – April 4, 2002 Angolan Civil War

Lesotho

1880–1881 Gun War
22 September 1998 – May 1999 South African intervention in Lesotho

Malawi

August 3, 1914 – November 1918 World War I

Mozambique

July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
September 25, 1964 – September 8, 1974 Mozambican War of Independence
May 30, 1977 – October 4, 1992 Mozambican Civil War
2013–2014 Internal conflict in Mozambique
October 5, 2017 – ongoing Insurgency in Cabo Delgado

Namibia

1904–1907 Herero Genocide
July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
- September 15, 1914 – February 4, 1915 Maritz Rebellion
August 26, 1966 – March 21, 1990 Namibian War of Independence
1994–1999 Caprivi conflict

South Africa

May 18, 1803 – November 20, 1815 Napoleonic Wars
1817–1819 Ndwandwe–Zulu War
1830s–1840s Great Trek
February 17, 1838 Weenen Massacre
January 11, 1879 – July 4, 1879 Anglo-Zulu War
1779–1879 Xhosa Wars
December 20, 1880 – March 23, 1881 First Boer War
October 11, 1899 – May 31, 1902 Second Boer War
July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
- September 15, 1914 – February 4, 1915 Maritz Rebellion
September 4, 1939 – May 7, 1945 World War II
March 21, 1960 Sharpeville Massacre
August 26, 1966 – March 21, 1990 South African Border War
June 16, 1976 Soweto Uprising

Eswatini

October 11, 1899 – May 31, 1902 Second Boer War

Zambia

July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 World War I
September 1, 1939 – September 2, 1945 World War II

Zimbabwe

October 1893 – January 1894 First Matabele War
March 1896 – October 1897 Matabele and Mashona 'Revolts' Second Matabele War
July 4, 1964 – December 12, 1979 Second Chimurenga/Rhodesian Bush War
1982 – 1987 Gukurahundi genocide

West Africa

Benin

Burkina Faso

1985 Agacher Strip War
2015 – present Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso

Côte d'Ivoire

1883–1898 Mandingo Wars
September 19, 2002 – March 4, 2007 First Ivorian Civil War
28 November 2010 – 11 April 2011 Second Ivorian Civil War

Gambia

2016–2017 2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis
- 2017 – ECOWAS intervention in the Gambia (2017)

Ghana

Sierra Leone

February 7, 1813 Action
1982 Ndogboyosoi War
March 23, 1991 – January 18, 2002 Sierra Leone Civil War

Western Sahara

October 23, 1957 – June 30, 1958 Ifni War
1970–ongoing Western Sahara conflict
October 30, 1975 – September 6, 1991 Western Sahara War

Chronological list of wars

19th century

1801-1807 Temne War
1801-1805 First Barbary War
1803-1805 Napoleonic Wars
- 1803-1806 War of the Third Coalition
  - 1806 Battle of Blaauwberg
- 1807-1809 Anglo-Turkish War
  - 1807 Alexandria expedition
1804-1808 Fulani War
1805-1811 Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
1806-1807 Ashanti–Fante War
1807-1818 Mtetwa Empire Expansion
1810-1818 Amadu's Jihad
1811-1812 Fourth Xhosa War
1811 Ga–Fante War
c.1812 Battle of Shela
1814-1816 Ashanti–Akim–Akwapim War
1815 Slachter's Nek Rebellion
1815 Second Barbary War
1817-1819 Ndwandwe–Zulu War
1818-1819 Fifth Xhosa War
1818-1828 Zulu wars of conquest
1st March 1896 Battle of Adwa

20th century

1900 War of the Golden Stool
1900-1920 Somaliland Campaign
1901-1901 French conquest of the Dendi Kingdom[1]
1902-1904 Kuanhama Rebellion[2]
1901-1902 Anglo-Aro War
1901-1903 Mapondera Rebellion
1902-1904 Bailundo revolt of 1902
1903-1904 British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate[3]
1904-1908 Herero Wars
1904-1905 uprising in Madagascar
1905-1907 Maji Maji Rebellion
1906 Bambatha Rebellion
1906 Sokoto Uprising of 1906[4]
1907-1910 Dembos War of 1907-1910[4]
1908 Battle of Marrakech
1909 Second Melillan campaign
1909-1911 Ouaddai War
1910-1912 Portuguese conquest of the Kasanje Kingdom[5]
1911-1912 French conquest of Morocco
1911-1912 Italo-Turkish War
1912 Sirte revolt[6]
1914 Kolongongo War[7]
1914-1917 Kongo revolt[8][9]
1914-1921 Zaian War
1914-1918 African theatre of World War I
- 1914-1918 East African campaign
- 1914-1916 Kamerun campaign
- 1914 Togoland Campaign
- 1914-1915 South West Africa campaign
1914-1915 Maritz rebellion
1915-1916 Volta-Bani War
1915 Chilembwe uprising
1915 The Bussa rebellion
1915-1917 Senussi Campaign
1916-1917 Kaocen revolt
1916 Battle of Segale
1918 The Adubi War
1920 Misurata-Warfalla War[10]
1920-1922 Jabal al-Gharbi civil war
1920-1926 Rif War
1921-1922 Rand Rebellion
1922 Bondelswarts Rebellion
1923-1932 Pacification of Libya
1928-1931 Kongo-Wara rebellion
1929-1930 Women's War
1930 Gugsa Wale's rebellion
1935-1937 Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1939-1945 World War II
- 1940-1943 North African campaign
- 1940-1943 East African campaign
- 1940 Battle of Dakar
- 1940 Battle of Gabon
- 1942 Battle of Madagascar
1943 Woyane rebellion
1952-1960 Mau Mau Uprising
1954-1962 Algerian War
1955-1964 Bamileke War
1955-1972 First Sudanese Civil War
1957-1958 Ifni War
1960-1965 Congo Crisis
- 1966-1967 Stanleyville mutinies
1960–present Katanga insurgency
1961 Bizerte crisis
1961-1991 Eritrean War of Independence
1961-1974 Portuguese Colonial War
- 1961-1974 Angolan War of Independence
- 1963-1974 Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
- 1964-1974 Mozambican War of Independence
1962-1964 Tuareg rebellion
1963 Sand War
1963-1967 Shifta War
1963-1970 Bale revolt
1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
1964-1965 Simba rebellion
1964-1979 Rhodesian Bush War
1964 Zanzibar Revolution
1965-1979 First Chadian Civil War
1966-1989 South African Border War
1967-1970 Nigerian Civil War
1970–present Western Sahara conflict
- 1975-1991 Western Sahara War
1972-1974 First Eritrean Civil War
1973–2018 Oromo conflict
1974-1991 Ethiopian Civil War
1975-2002 Angolan Civil War
1975–present Cabinda War
1977-1992 Mozambican Civil War
1977 Libyan–Egyptian War
1977-1978 Ogaden War
1977 Shaba I
1978 Shaba II
1978-1979 Uganda–Tanzania War
1978-1987 Chadian–Libyan conflict
1980-1981 Second Eritrean Civil War
1980-1986 Ugandan Bush War
1981 Entumbane uprising
1981 Gambian coup d'état attempt
1982–present Casamance conflict
1982 Ndogboyosoi War
1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
1983-2005 Second Sudanese Civil War
1985 Agacher Strip War
1986 United States bombing of Libya
1987–present Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
1989-1991 Mauritania–Senegal Border War
1989-1997 First Liberian Civil War
1990-1994 Rwandan Civil War
1990-1995 Tuareg rebellion
1991-1994 Djiboutian Civil War
1991-2002 Sierra Leone Civil War
1991-2002 Algerian Civil War
1991–present Somali Civil War
1993-2005 Burundian Civil War
1993-1994 Republic of the Congo Civil War
1994 Bophuthatswana crisis
1994-1999 Caprivi conflict
1994–2018 Insurgency in Ogaden
1995–2018 Second Afar insurgency
1995 Hanish Islands conflict
1996–present Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
1996-1997 First Congo War
1997-1999 Republic of the Congo Civil War
1998-2000 Eritrean–Ethiopian War
1998-2003 Second Congo War
- 2000 Six-Day War
1998-1999 Guinea-Bissau Civil War
1999-2003 Second Liberian Civil War
1999–present Ituri conflict

21st century

2001–2021 War on Terrorism
- 1981–present Islamic Terrorism in Egypt
- 2002–present Islamic insurgency in the Maghreb
- 2002–present Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa
- 2006 Rise of the Islamic Courts Union
- 2006–2009 Ethiopian War in Somalia
- 2007–present Operation Enduring Freedom - Trans Sahara
- 2009–present Islamist civil war in Somalia
- 2009 Nigerian sectarian violence
- 2009-present Boko Haram insurgency
- 2015–present ISIL insurgency in Tunisia
- 2015-present Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso
- 2016-present Jihadist insurgency in Niger
- 2017–present Islamist insurgency in Mozambique
2002-2003 Conflict in the Pool Department
2002–2004 First Ivorian Civil War
2003–2020 War in Darfur
2004 French–Ivorian clashes
2004–present Conflict in the Niger Delta
- 2016–present Niger Delta conflict
2004–2007 Central African Republic Bush War
2004–present Kivu conflict
2005–2010 Chadian Civil War
2005–2008 Mount Elgon insurgency
2006-2013 Bakassi conflict
2007–2009 Second Tuareg Rebellion
2007–2008 Kenyan crisis
2008 Invasion of Anjouan
2008 Kufra conflict
2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict
2009–present Sudanese nomadic conflicts
- 2011–present Ethnic violence in South Sudan
  - 2013–2020 South Sudanese Civil War
2009 Sudan airstrikes
2009 Dongo conflict
2010-2011 Second Ivorian Civil War
2011-2023 Sinai Insurgency
2011 First Libyan Civil War
2011–present Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
2011-2014 Factional violence in Libya
2012–present Mali War
2012 Heglig Crisis
2012-2013 M23 rebellion
2012 Baragoi clashes
2012–present Central African Republic Civil War
2013–2018 Batwa–Luba clashes
2013-2019 RENAMO insurgency
2014 Aswan tribal clashes
2014–2020 Second Libyan Civil War
2016-2017 Pool War
2016 Kasese clashes
2016–2019 Kamwina Nsapu rebellion
2017–present Anglophone Crisis
2020–2022 Tigray War
2023–present 2023 Sudan conflict
2023-present 2023 Las Anod conflict

References

Shoup, John A. (2011-10-31). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 266. ISBN 9781598843620. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02. The kingdom was able to last until 1901, when the French conquered it as part of their conquest of the Niger River/Sahara region
Katagiri, Noriyuki (2015). Adapting to Win: How Insurgents Fight and Defeat Foreign States in War. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 197. ISBN 9780812246414. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
"Britain Sokoto Conquest 1903". www.onwar.com. Retrieved 2019-06-19.
"COW War List". correlatesofwar.org. Correlates of War. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
Henige, David (1979). History in Africa. African Studies Association. p. 54. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02. By the time Portuguese military expeditions reached Kasanje in 1910, intent on effective occupation and "pacification," only regional chieftains, some still claiming the kinguri title, remained to resist their advance. Portuguese military commanders seized and destroyed the regalia of the kinguri position in 1912, thereby ending the history of the state by burning the symbols in which had inhered the power of its kings.
St John, Ronald Bruce (4 June 2014). Historical Dictionary of Libya. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 316. ISBN 9780810878761. Archived from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
Association, Cheke Cultural Writers (1994). The history and cultural life of the Mbunda speaking peoples. The Association. p. 101. ISBN 9789982030069. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
Abegaz, Berhanu (2018-06-09). A Tributary Model of State Formation: Ethiopia, 1600-2015. Springer. p. 48. ISBN 9783319757803. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
Vos, Jelmer (2015). Kongo in the Age of Empire, 1860–1913: The Breakdown of a Moral Order. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 350. ISBN 9780299306243. Archived from the original on 2023-01-10. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
Ahmida, Ali Abdullatif (2002). The making of modern Libya. Albany, New York: SUNY Press. pp. 126–131. ISBN 978-1-4384-2891-8. Archived from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2011.

Lists of wars involving African countries
Sovereign states	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Eswatini Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
States with limited recognition	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Somaliland
Dependencies and other territories	Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) Madeira (Portugal) Mayotte / Réunion (France) Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)

List of conflicts in Africa
Sovereign states	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Eswatini Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe
States with limited recognition	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Somaliland
Dependencies and other territories	Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain) Madeira (Portugal) Mayotte / Réunion (France) Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
1910s	Italo-Turkish War World War I Middle Eastern theatre Arab Revolt Armenian genocide Assyrian genocide Mount Lebanon starvation Unification of Saudi Arabia Simko Shikak revolt 1919 Egyptian Revolution Turkish War of Independence Greco-Turkish War Turkish–Armenian War Franco-Turkish War Revolts Mahmud Barzanji revolts
1920s	Franco-Syrian War Iraqi Revolt (1920) Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine Adwan Rebellion Arab separatism in Khuzestan Great Syrian Revolt Sheikh Said rebellion
1930s	Ararat rebellion Ahmed Barzani revolt Simele massacre Saudi–Yemeni War (1934) Goharshad Mosque rebellion 1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts 1935 Yazidi revolt 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine Dersim rebellion
1940s	World War II Italian bombing of Palestine Allied invasion of Iraq Syria–Lebanon campaign Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 1943 Barzani revolt Alwaziri coup Al-Wathbah uprising Kurdish separatism in Iran Iran crisis of 1946 Arab–Israeli conflict 1948 Arab–Israeli War Suez Crisis 1967 Six-Day War 1973 Yom Kippur War 1982 Lebanon War
1950s	1952 Egyptian Revolution 1953 Iranian coup d'état Jebel Akhdar War Cyprus Emergency Suez Crisis Yemeni–Adenese clan violence 1958 Lebanon crisis 1958 Iraqi revolution 1959 Mosul uprising
1960s	Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict First Iraqi–Kurdish War Second Iraqi–Kurdish War Dhofar Rebellion North Yemen Civil War Feb. 1963 Iraqi coup Mar. 1963 Syrian coup Nov. 1963 Iraqi coup Aden Emergency 1964 Hama riot Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1948 Palestine war First Intifada Second Intifada 1966 Syrian coup d'état
1970s	Black September in Jordan Yemenite War of 1972 Turkish invasion of Cyprus Shatt al-Arab clashes Lebanese Civil War Political violence in Turkey Islamist uprising in Syria 1977 Shia uprising in Iraq NDF Rebellion Yemenite War of 1979 Iranian Revolution Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution 1979 Qatif Uprising Grand Mosque seizure 1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
1980s	Iran–Iraq War 1980 Turkish coup d'état Kurdish–Turkish conflict Turkey–PKK conflict South Yemen Civil War 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 1986 Damascus bombings Mecca massacre Abu Nidal's executions
1990s	Gulf War (1990–1991) 1991 Iraqi uprisings Terror campaign in Egypt (1990s) Yemeni Civil War (1994) Iraqi Kurdish Civil War Islamic insurgency in Saudi Arabia (2000–present) Operation Desert Fox al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
2000s	Iraq War Balochi insurgency in Iran 2004 Qamishli riots Houthi insurgency in Yemen Iran–Israel proxy conflict 2006 Lebanon War Fatah–Hamas conflict South Yemen insurgency
2010s	2011 Bahraini uprising Egyptian Crisis Sinai insurgency Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present) Syrian civil war Turkish involvement in Syria Syrian War spillover in Lebanon Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) War in Iraq (2013–2017) Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) Yemeni crisis Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
2020s	2021 Beirut clashes
This list includes World War I and later conflicts (after 1914) of at least 100 fatalities each Prolonged conflicts are listed in the decade when initiated; ongoing conflicts are marked italic, and conflicts with +100,000 killed with bold.

List of conflicts in Africa

Chronological list of wars

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Further reading