Portal:Finland

The Finland Portal

Location of Finland

Finland (Finnish: Suomi [ˈsuo̯mi] ^ⓘ; Swedish: Finland [ˈfɪ̌nland] ^ⓘ), officially the Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomen tasavalta; Swedish: Republiken Finland; listen to all), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, opposite Estonia. Finland covers an area of 338,145 square kilometres (130,559 sq mi) and has a population of 5.6 million. Helsinki is the capital and largest city. The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns. Finnish and Swedish are the official languages, with Swedish being the native language of 5.2% of the population. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to boreal in the north. The land cover is predominantly boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes.

Finland was first settled around 9000 BC after the last Ice Age. During the Stone Age, various cultures emerged, distinguished by different styles of ceramics. The Bronze Age and Iron Ages were marked by contacts with other cultures in Fennoscandia and the Baltic region. From the late 13th century, Finland became part of Sweden as a result of the Northern Crusades. In 1809, as a result of the Finnish War, Finland became part of the Russian Empire as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland. During this period, Finnish art flourished and the idea of independence began to take hold. In 1906, Finland became the first European state to grant universal suffrage, and the first in the world to give all adult citizens the right to run for public office. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Finland declared its independence from Russia. In 1918 the young nation was divided by the Finnish Civil War. During the World War II, Finland fought against the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War, and later against Nazi Germany in the Lapland War. As a result, it lost parts of its territory but retained its independence. (Full article...)

Selected article -

Ilkka “Emu” Lehtinen at his store in 2016.

Ilkka Raimo Olavi “Emu” Lehtinen (3 March 1947 – 22 October 2017) was a record dealer in Helsinki, Finland, a founder and the chief executive officer of the record store Digelius Music. According to Helsingin Sanomat, Lehtinen was “a local guru for people who would be curious to listen to music irrespective of genres, and a person with whose help customers would find wonderful new experiences starting from clean slate.” According to another Helsinki newspaper, Hufvudstadsbladet, Lehtinen was “a living legend in Finnish music circles”. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Selected image -

Photo credit: Johannes Jansson/norden.org
Prime Minister of Finland Matti Vanhanen

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that Anna-Liisa Tiekso dropped out of university in 1951 to become the youngest member of the Finnish parliament?
... that Alli Lahtinen, the first woman to lead a central government agency in Finland, helped establish the country's national child care system?
... that the now-closed Kangasala railway station in Finland was designed in the National Romantic style, unlike many contemporaneous buildings?
... that Charlotte Haining was an International Jury Member for the selection of Finland's 2020 Eurovision Song Contest entry?
... that a football club in Finland called FC Santa Claus has competed as high as the third tier?
... that Inkeri Anttila, Finland's first female minister of justice, was also the first woman in Finland to complete a doctorate in law?

WikiProjects

You are invited to participate in Finland WikiProject, a WikiProject dedicated to developing and improving articles about Finland.

More did you know -

...that when completed in 1967, MS Finlandia was the largest ferry in the world?
...that the Pysähdy ajoissa - Stanna i tid ("Stop in time") traffic campaign was the result of the public response to a road death of a nine-year-old girl in Finland?
...that the Finnish Association of Graduate Engineers has been in charge of publishing Finland's ethical guidelines on engineering for over 40 years?
...that Penedo, a small town in Brazil was colonized by immigrants from Finland?
...that the Wärtsilä Turku shipyard in Finland built five state-of-the-art cruiseferries for the Black Sea Shipping Company, Soviet Union, in 1975-1976?

Good article -

This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Mikkeli (Finnish: [ˈmikːeli]; Swedish: S:t Michel; Latin: Michaelia) is a town and municipality located on Lake Saimaa in Finland. It is located in the Etelä-Savo region in what used to be the province of Eastern Finland. It has a population of 51,883 (19 September 2023) (around 34,000 in the town itself) and covers an area of 3,229.57 square kilometres (1,246.94 sq mi), of which 424.7 km² (164.0 sq mi) is water. Together with Savonlinna, it is one of the largest towns in the South Savonia region and one of the concentrations in the region's hospital districts.

Mikkeli was the site for the headquarters of the Finnish armed forces during World War II. In recognition of this, the town's coat of arms incorporates a pair of crossed Marshal Mannerheim's batons, and the town was awarded the Cross of Liberty, 4th Class, to be displayed with the coat of arms. (Full article...)

List of Good articles

General images

The following are images from various Finland-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Karjalanpiirakka, a traditional Finnish pastry (from Culture of Finland)
Image 2S/S Urania in Hanko harbor in 1893, with 509 emigrants on board on their way to America (from History of Finland)
Image 3The ruins of Vammala burned by the Reds, during the Civil war (from History of Finland)
Image 4A peasant girl and a woman in traditional dress from Ruokolahti, eastern Finland, as depicted by Severin Falkman in 1882 (from Culture of Finland)
Image 5Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion, 1850s (from History of Finland)
Image 6The Swedish empire at its largest. Most of present-day Finland was part of Sweden proper, rike, shown in dark green. (from History of Finland)
Image 7Kalmar Union in 1400s (from History of Finland)
Image 8Grand Duchy of Finland, 75 kopek assignat (1824) (from History of Finland)
Image 9The area controlled by Finland at its largest, in 1942 (from History of Finland)
Image 10Women in sauna with Vihtas
Image 11An old drawing of the city of Turku in the 18th century (from History of Finland)
Image 12In the sauna, by Pekka Halonen, 1925 (from Culture of Finland)
Image 13Janne Ahonen is considered one of the best and most successful currently active ski jumpers. (from Culture of Finland)
Image 14Pieces of the Antrea Net (8,300 BC), the oldest-known fishing net in the world. (from History of Finland)
Image 15Captain Aarne Juutilainen at the front at Kollaa during the Winter War (from History of Finland)
Image 16President Urho Kekkonen's funeral procession in 1986 (from History of Finland)
Image 17Apocalyptica's Perttu Kivilaakso playing metal music live (from Culture of Finland)
Image 18Ancylus Lake covered major part of Finland (7,500–6,000 BC) (from History of Finland)
Image 19Kreeta Haapasalo Playing the Kantele in a Peasant Cottage (1868), by Robert Wilhelm Ekman (from History of Finland)
Image 20Badge of the Finnish White/Civil Guard (from History of Finland)
Image 21Wehrmacht soldiers with a local Sámi reindeer herder, Lappland, Sodankylä, Finland 1942 (from History of Finland)
Image 22Battle of Gangut (Hanko) was part of the Great Northern War during 1700–1721. (from History of Finland)
Image 23Homann's map of the Scandinavian Peninsula and Fennoscandia with their surrounding territories: northern Germany, northern Poland, the Baltic region, Livonia, Belarus, and parts of Northwest Russia. Johann Baptist Homann (1664–1724) was a German geographer and cartographer; map dated around 1730. (from History of Finland)
Image 24Stone Age stone axe engraved with human face found from Kiuruvesi. (from History of Finland)
Image 25Eero Järnefelt, Burning the Brushwood, 1893 (from History of Finland)
Image 26Sámi / Laplander family in traditional costumes from Finland. (from Culture of Finland)
Image 27Signing the Helsinki Accords are the West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt, East Germany's leader Erich Honecker, US president Gerald Ford and the Austrian chancellor Bruno Kreisky (from History of Finland)
Image 28(1809 Diet of Porvoo) The sovereign's pledge, printed in Finnish (from History of Finland)
Image 29Memorial of the Mannerheim Cross Knights of Parikkala, Finland (from History of Finland)
Image 30Stone Age dwelling named Kierikki 5000–3000 BC (from History of Finland)
Image 31Uspenski Cathedral in Helsinki (from Culture of Finland)
Image 32In the middle is the patron saint of Finland, Saint Henry, on the right side of him is Bishop Konrad Bitz and on the left is Dean Magnus Stjernkors; from Missale Aboense (1488) (from History of Finland)
Image 332007 Formula One World Champion Kimi Räikkönen celebrating victory at the 2007 Brazilian Grand Prix (from Culture of Finland)
Image 34Turku Cathedral and its surroundings from 1814 (from History of Finland)
Image 35President K. J. Ståhlberg in his office in 1919 (from History of Finland)
Image 36Jussipaita (transl. Jussi sweater); a traditional sweater form the Finnish region of Southern Ostrobothnia (from Culture of Finland)
Image 37Jean Sibelius at work in his study (from History of Finland)
Image 38The area of Finland in the years 1920–1940. The 1935 county and municipality division on the map. (from History of Finland)
Image 39Finland Ostrobothnia regiment uniforms in 1705 (from History of Finland)
Image 40The decision of the Soviet of the People's Comissars' to recognise Finnish independence, signed by Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Grigory Petrovsky, Joseph Stalin, Isaac Steinberg, Vladimir Karelin, and Alexander Schlichter (from History of Finland)
Image 41Pekka Halonen's painting "against persecutors" from 1896 depicts the warfare of the ancient Finns. (from History of Finland)
Image 42A reconstruction of a 12th-century Perniö costume (from History of Finland)
Image 43Prehistoric red ochre painted rock art of moose, human figures, and boats in Astuvansalmi, Finland, from ca. 3800–2200 BC (from Culture of Finland)
Image 44Marshal of Finland Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim visit in Germany, 1942 (from History of Finland)
Image 45The Finnish composer Jean Sibelius (1865–1957), a significant figure in the history of classical music (from Culture of Finland)
Image 46A view of Pohjoisesplanadi in the center of Helsinki in 1891 (from History of Finland)
Image 47This 1825 map of the Grand Duchy of Finland is from a larger work, geographical atlas of the Russian Empire. (from History of Finland)
Image 48Winter War Monument in Suomussalmi, Kainuu, Finland (from History of Finland)
Image 49Map of Finnish areas ceded to the Soviet Union in 1944, after the Continuation War (from History of Finland)
Image 50Battle of Valkeala was part of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790). (from History of Finland)
Image 51Women dressed in Finnish folk costumes (from Culture of Finland)
Image 52Mikael Agricola hands over the Finnish Translation of the New Testament to King Gustav Wasa. (from History of Finland)
Image 53The first government of independent Finland. P. E. Svinhufvud, the first Prime Minister of Finland, sitting at the head of the table. (from History of Finland)
Image 54A triptych by Akseli Gallen-Kallela, depicting the Aino Story of Kalevala on three panes (from Culture of Finland)
Image 55Midsummer bonfire (kokko) in Mäntsälä (from Culture of Finland)
Image 56The Finno-Soviet Treaty (from History of Finland)
Image 57A group of Finnish soldiers operating a Bofors gun during the Continuation War in 1943 (from History of Finland)
Image 58Painting of Lalli killing Henry. Painting by C. A. Ekman. (from History of Finland)
Image 59Students on Helsinki's Esplanadi wearing their caps on Vappu (from Culture of Finland)
Image 60People gathered in the Senate Square for a demonstration against the February Manifesto in March 1899. (from History of Finland)
Image 61Kastelli Giant's Church in Pattijoki by Pöljä culture (from History of Finland)
Image 62Northern Europe in 814 (from History of Finland)
Image 63Erkki Karu, one of the pioneers of the Finnish cinema, with cinematographer Eino Kari in 1927 (from Culture of Finland)
Image 64A summer cottage (mökki) on a lake island (from Culture of Finland)
Image 65Identification document and tag of a Finnish war child (from History of Finland)
Image 66Linus Torvalds, a famous Fennoswede software engineer, best known for initiating the development of the Linux kernel (from Culture of Finland)
Image 67Three Finnish Romani women in Helsinki, Finland, in 1930s (from Culture of Finland)
Image 68Paavo Nurmi at the 1920 Summer Olympics (from Culture of Finland)
Image 69The part of Finland controlled by the Reds at its largest in February–March 1918 (from History of Finland)
Image 70Imagery collage of Birger Jarl conquering Häme and the construction of Häme Castle (from History of Finland)
Image 71Finnish folk dancers in a 1907 postcard sent from Mustamäki, Finland (from Culture of Finland)
Image 72A smoke sauna (savusauna) in Enonkoski (from Culture of Finland)
Image 73In 2011 figure skater Kiira Korpi was ranked 4th in the world. (from Culture of Finland)
Image 74Alvar Aalto, Viipuri Library (1927–35) (from Culture of Finland)
Image 75Helsinki Accords Treaty (from History of Finland)

In the news

10 October 2023 –: Finland reports that damage to the Balticconnector submarine pipeline connecting Finland and Estonia is being investigated as either an act of sabotage or accidental damage after officials ruled out a simple malfunction. (The Telegraph)
25 August 2023 – Finland–Russia relations: Yan Petrovsky, one of the leaders of the Russian far-right paramilitary Rusich Group, is detained in Finland. Ukraine has sent a request for Petrovsky's extradition. (Meduza) (Fontanka.ru)
20 June 2023 – 2023 Finnish parliamentary election: Petteri Orpo is officially appointed as the 47th prime minister of Finland and forms his cabinet. (Reuters)
11 May 2023 –: Twenty-four people are injured when a temporary pedestrian bridge collapses in Espoo, Finland. (AP) (Yle)

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View of Jyväskylä

Panoramic photo shot of Jyväskylä, Finland

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Albert Edelfelt - Louis Pasteur - 1885
Anefo 932-2378 Keke Rosberg, Zandvoort, 03-07-1982 - Restoration
Eero-Saarinen (cropped)
FIN-A36b-Finlands Bank-20 Markkaa (1862)
Hankopan
Helsinki July 2013-14
Helsinki July 2013-27a
Kaleva Church 4
Kolmen valtakunnan rajapyykki 27.4.1945
Lutheran Cathedral Helsinki edit
Makasiinit tulessa
Neste Oil Rally 2010 - Jari-Matti Latvala in shakedown
Nils Torvalds MEP, Strasbourg - Diliff
Peugeot 206 WRC
Rally Finland 2010 - shakedown - Nasser Al-Attiyah 1
Scandinavia.TMO2003050
Silja Serenade in Stockholm
VR Sr1 3015 Kuopio Drawbridge
Vexi Salmi

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Albert Edelfelt - Louis Pasteur - 1885
Anefo 932-2378 Keke Rosberg, Zandvoort, 03-07-1982 - Restoration
FIN-A36b-Finlands Bank-20 Markkaa (1862)
Hankopan
Helsinki July 2013-14
Helsinki July 2013-27a
Kaleva Church 4
Kolmen valtakunnan rajapyykki 27.4.1945
Lutheran Cathedral Helsinki edit
Makasiinit tulessa
Neste Oil Rally 2010 - Jari-Matti Latvala in shakedown
Nils Torvalds MEP, Strasbourg - Diliff
Peugeot 206 WRC
Rally Finland 2010 - shakedown - Nasser Al-Attiyah 1
Scandinavia.TMO2003050
Silja Serenade in Stockholm
VR Sr1 3015 Kuopio Drawbridge
Vexi Salmi

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