1553
Year 1553 (MDLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1553 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1553 MDLIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2306 |
| Armenian calendar | 1002 ԹՎ ՌԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6303 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1474–1475 |
| Bengali calendar | 960 |
| Berber calendar | 2503 |
| English Regnal year | 6 Edw. 6 – 1 Mar. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2097 |
| Burmese calendar | 915 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7061–7062 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬子年 (Water Rat) 4249 or 4189 — to — 癸丑年 (Water Ox) 4250 or 4190 |
| Coptic calendar | 1269–1270 |
| Discordian calendar | 2719 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1545–1546 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5313–5314 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1609–1610 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1474–1475 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4653–4654 |
| Holocene calendar | 11553 |
| Igbo calendar | 553–554 |
| Iranian calendar | 931–932 |
| Islamic calendar | 960–961 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenbun 22 (天文２２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1471–1472 |
| Julian calendar | 1553 MDLIII |
| Korean calendar | 3886 |
| Minguo calendar | 359 before ROC 民前359年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 85 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2095–2096 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳水鼠年 (male Water-Rat) 1679 or 1298 or 526 — to — 阴水牛年 (female Water-Ox) 1680 or 1299 or 527 |
July 9: Battle of Sievershausen
Events
January–June
- May – The first Royal Charter is granted to St Albans, in England.
- June – The first of the five Battles of Kawanakajima, the "Battle of the Fuse," commences in Japan between Takeda Shingen of Kai Province and Uesugi Kenshin of Echigo Province, part of a major series of conflicts during the Japanese Sengoku Period.
- June 26 – Two new schools, Christ's Hospital[1][2] and King Edward's School, Witley, are created by Royal Charter in accordance with the will of King Edward VI of England; St Thomas' Hospital, London, in existence since the 12th century, is named in the same charter.[3]
July–December
- July 9 – Battle of Sievershausen: Prince-elector Maurice of Saxony defeats the Catholic forces of Margrave Albert of Brandenburg-Kulmbach. Maurice is mortally wounded.[4]
- July 10 – Four days after the death of her cousin King Edward VI of England, Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England – a position she holds for the next nine days.[5]
- July 19 – The Lord Mayor of London proclaims Mary I the rightful Queen, following a change of allegiance by the Privy Council; Lady Jane Grey voluntarily abdicates.[6]
- August – English explorer Richard Chancellor enters the White Sea and reaches Arkhangelsk, going on to the court of Ivan IV of Russia, opening up trade between England and Russia.
- August 3 – Queen Mary I of England arrives in London from East Anglia.
- August 18 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, is tried and convicted of treason for his role in putting his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, on the throne.[7]
- September – Anglican bishops in England are arrested, and Roman Catholic bishops are restored.
- October 6 – Şehzade Mustafa, oldest son of Suleiman the Magnificent, is executed in Konya by order of his father.[8]
- September 23 – The Sadians consolidate their power in Morocco, by defeating the last of their enemies.
- October 27 – Geneva's governing council burns Michael Servetus at the stake, as a heretic.
- December 25 – Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors, and execute Pedro de Valdivia, the first Royal Governor of Chile.
Date unknown
- Tonbridge School is founded by Sir Andrew Judde, under letters patent of Edward VI of England.
- The xiii Bukes of Eneados of the famose Poete Virgill, the first complete translation of any major work of classical antiquity into one of the English languages, is published in London.
- In Ming Dynasty China:
- The addition of a new section of the Outer City fortifications is completed in southern Beijing, bringing the overall size of Beijing to 18 square miles (4662 hectares).
- Shanghai is fortified for the first time.
Births
Louise of Lorraine
- January 20 – Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duque de Maqueda, Spanish noble (d. 1601)
- January 22 – Mōri Terumoto, Japanese warrior (d. 1625)
- February 24 – Cherubino Alberti, Italian engraver and painter (d. 1615)
- March – Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (d. 1576)
- March 29 – Vitsentzos Kornaros, Greek writer (d. 1613)
- April 24 – John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell, Scottish noble (d. 1593)
- April 29 – Mirza Muhammad Hakim, son of Mughal emperor Humayun and brother of emperor Akbar (d. 1585)
- April 30 – Louise of Lorraine, French queen consort (d. 1601)
- May 7 – Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia (d. 1618)
- May 14 – Margaret of Valois, Queen of France (d. 1615)[9]
- June 5 – Bernardino Baldi, Italian mathematician and writer (d. 1617)
- June 15 – Archduke Ernest of Austria, Austrian prince, the son of Maximilian II. (d. 1595)
- July 1 – Peter Street, English carpenter (d. 1609)
- September 26 – Nicolò Contarini, Doge of Venice (d. 1631)
- October 8 – Jacques Auguste de Thou, French historian (d. 1617)
- October 18 – Luca Marenzio, Italian composer (d. 1599)
- November 2 – Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Countess Palatine of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (d. 1633)
- November 4 – Roger Wilbraham, Solicitor-General for Ireland (d. 1616)
- November 23 – Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (d. 1617)
- November 28 – George More, English politician (d. 1632)
- December 13 – King Henry IV of France (d. 1610)[10]
- date unknown
- Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus' (d. 1633)
- Giovanni Florio, English writer and translator (d. 1625)
- Richard Hakluyt, English travel writer (d. 1616)
- Robert Hues, English mathematician and geographer (d. 1632)
- Amago Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1578)
- Pierre de Rostegny, French jurist (d. 1631)
- William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh, English military leader (d. 1613)
- Moses Székely, Hungarian noble (d. 1603)
- Beatrice Michiel, Venetian spy (d. 1613)
Deaths
- January 13 – George II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Count of Glatz (b. 1512)
- February 4 – Caspar Othmayr, German Protestant priest, theologian and composer (b. 1515)
- February 6 – Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (b. 1482)
- February 8 – John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg, (b. 1521)
- February 17 – Chamaraja Wodeyar III, King of Mysore (b. 1492)
- February 19 – Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)
- February 25 – Hirate Masahide, Japanese diplomat and tutor of Oda Nobunaga (suicide) (b. 1492)
- April – Minkhaung of Prome, last king of Prome in Burma (Myanmar).
- April 9 – François Rabelais, French writer[11]
- May 5 – Erasmus Alberus, German humanist (b. 1500)
- May 28 – Johannes Aal, Swiss theologian (b. 1500)
- June 26 – Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (b. 1552)
- July 6 – King Edward VI of England (b. 1537)[12]
- July 9 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)[4]
- July 16 – Bernardino Maffei, Catholic cardinal (b. 1514)
- August 6 – Girolamo Fracastoro, Italian physician (b. 1478)
- August 17 – Charles III, Duke of Savoy (b. 1486)
- August 22 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (b. 1502; executed)
- September 6 – Juan de Homedes y Coscon, 47th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. c.1477)
- October 6 – Şehzade Mustafa, Suleiman the Magnificent's first-born son by Mahidevran Sultan (b. 1515)
- October 7 – Cristóbal de Morales, Spanish composer (b. 1500)[13]
- October 16 – Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)
- October 17 – George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (b. 1507)
- October 27 – Michael Servetus, Spanish Protestant theologian (burned at the stake) (b. 1511)
- October 28 – Giovanni Salviati, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1490)
- October 30 – Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (b. 1489)
- November 15 – Lucrezia de' Medici, Italian noblewoman (b. 1470)
- November 23 – Sebastiano Antonio Pighini, Italian cardinal (b. 1500)
- November 27 – Şehzade Cihangir, Ottoman prince (b. 1531)
- December 3 – Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German nobleman (b. 1487)
- December 25 – Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador (b. 1497)
- date unknown
- George Joye, English Protestant Bible translator (b. c. 1495)
- Gunilla Bese, Finnish noble and fiefholder (b. 1475)
References
- "History of the School". Christ's Hospital. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
- https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/royal-charters/chartered-bodies/ Archived June 21, 2019, at the Wayback Machine retrieved 24 Mar 2017
- "St Thomas's Hospital – A Concise History". gkt gazette. Guy's, King's & St. Thomas's Hospitals Medical & Dental Schools. February 1, 2002. Archived from the original on October 25, 2006.
- Thomas M. Lindsay (October 8, 1999). A History of the Reformation, 2 Volumes. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 506. ISBN 978-1-57910-283-8.
- Derrik Mercer (February 1993). Chronicle of the Royal Family. Chronicle Communications. pp. 160–166. ISBN 978-1-872031-20-0.
- Nicola Tallis (December 6, 2016). Crown of Blood: The Deadly Inheritance of Lady Jane Grey. Pegasus Books. pp. 10–. ISBN 978-1-68177-287-5.
- Eric Ives (2009): Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9413-6. Pages 96-7.
- A General History of the Middle East, Chapter 13: Ottoman Era, Suleiman the Magnificent, xenohistorian.faithweb.com; accessed January 8, 2015.
- "Margaret Of Valois | queen consort of Navarre | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
- Edward Frederick Langley Russell Baron Russell of Liverpool (1969). Henry of Navarre: Henry IV of France. Hale. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-7091-1090-3.
- Jean Plattard (April 1968). The Life of Fran ̧cois Rabelais. Psychology Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-7146-2077-0.
- Former Director of the Warburg Institute and Professor Emeritus of the History of Classical Tradition J B Trapp (1998). The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain. Cambridge University Press. p. 176. ISBN 978-0-521-57346-7.
- Paul Henry Lang (1941). Music in Western Civilization. W. W. Norton, Incorporated. p. 266.
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