1729

1729 (MDCCXXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1729th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 729th year of the 2nd millennium, the 29th year of the 18th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1720s decade. As of the start of 1729, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1729 by topic
Arts and science
  • Archaeology
  • Architecture
  • Art
  • Literature
  • Poetry
  • Music
  • Science
Countries
  • Canada
  • Denmark
  • France
  • Great Britain
  • Ireland
  • Norway
  • Russia
  • Scotland
  • Sweden
Lists of leaders
  • State leaders
  • Colonial governors
  • Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
  • Births
  • Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments
Works category
  • Works
1729 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1729
MDCCXXIX
Ab urbe condita2482
Armenian calendar1178
ԹՎ ՌՃՀԸ
Assyrian calendar6479
Balinese saka calendar1650–1651
Bengali calendar1136
Berber calendar2679
British Regnal year2 Geo. 2 – 3 Geo. 2
Buddhist calendar2273
Burmese calendar1091
Byzantine calendar7237–7238
Chinese calendar戊申年 (Earth Monkey)
4425 or 4365
    — to —
己酉年 (Earth Rooster)
4426 or 4366
Coptic calendar1445–1446
Discordian calendar2895
Ethiopian calendar1721–1722
Hebrew calendar5489–5490
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1785–1786
 - Shaka Samvat1650–1651
 - Kali Yuga4829–4830
Holocene calendar11729
Igbo calendar729–730
Iranian calendar1107–1108
Islamic calendar1141–1142
Japanese calendarKyōhō 14
(享保１４年)
Javanese calendar1653–1654
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4062
Minguo calendar183 before ROC
民前183年
Nanakshahi calendar261
Thai solar calendar2271–2272
Tibetan calendar阳土猴年
(male Earth-Monkey)
1855 or 1474 or 702
    — to —
阴土鸡年
(female Earth-Rooster)
1856 or 1475 or 703
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1729.
September 29: Battle of Damghan starts.


Events

January–March
  • January 8 – Frederick, the eldest son of King George II of Great Britain is made Prince of Wales at the age of 21, a few months after he comes to Britain for the first time after growing up in Hanover. For 23 years, Frederick is heir apparent to the British throne, but dies of a lung injury in 1751.
  • January 19 – At the age of 14, Joseph (José), Prince of Brazil, son of King John V of Portugal, is married to the 10-year-old Princess Mariana Victoria of Spain, eldest daughter of King Philip V of Spain. In 1750, the couple become King Joseph I and Queen Consort Mariana Victoria of Spain.
  • February 14 – King Philip V of Spain issues a royal cedula, directing an effort to offer incentives to families from the Canary Islands for settlements in New Spain north of the Rio Grande in the modern-day U.S. state of Texas[1] (→ Canarian Americans).
  • February 24 (February 13 O.S.) – In the city of Resht in Persia, Russian and Afghani leaders sign a peace treaty, with General Vasily Levashev for Russia and Muhammad Saidal Khan for Afghanistan.[2]
  • February 25 – James Oglethorpe, a member of the British House of Commons, begins service as the Chairman of the Gaols Committee to investigate the conditions of Britain's jails and prisons after the death in Fleet Prison of his friend, Robert Castell. The Oglethorpe Committee's report propels Oglethorpe to fame and leads to the beginning of British penal reforms.[3]
  • March 5 – Abdallah of Morocco becomes the new Sultan of Morocco upon the death of his half-brother, Abu'l Abbas Ahmad. Sultan Abdallah reigns for five years before being deposed for the first time, then returns to the throne five more times between 1736 and 1757.
  • March 19 – John of Nepomuk (Jan Nepomucký) of Bohemia is canonized by Pope Benedict XIII more than 300 years after being tortured and drowned in 1393 by order of King Wenceslaus IV; John becomes patron saint of Roman Catholics in the Czech Republic.
  • March 23 – Johann Sebastian Bach's First Köthen Funeral music premieres at St. Jakob, Köthen, in honor of the funeral of his former employer Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen. The next morning, Bach's funeral cantata Klagt, Kinder, klagt es aller Welt, BWV 244a premieres at St. Jakob, marking the same occasion.

April–June
  • April 3 – Benjamin Franklin, aged 23, writes the essay "A Modest Enquiry Into the Nature and Necessity of Paper Currency" and later applies the economic principles to backing of paper money used in the United States.[4]
  • April 15 – Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion, BWV 244b is performed again, at St. Thomas Church, Leipzig.[5]
  • April 26 – For the first time in its history, the British House of Commons is adjourned for lack of a quorum. On January 5, 1640, it had first fixed the number of members necessary — 40 — for parliamentary business to be transacted.[6]
  • May 8 – A fire breaks out inside the fully walled town of Haiger within the Holy Roman Empire (in the modern-day state of Hesse in Germany) and destroys all the buildings.
  • May 12 – Six English pirates, including Mary Critchett, seize control of the sloop John and Elizabeth while being transported to America to complete their criminal sentences. They overpower their captors but are later captured in Chesapeake Bay by HMS Shoreham and hanged in August.
  • May 17 – Caroline, Queen Consort becomes the first person to rule Great Britain as regent under the Regency Acts, beginning service as the acting monarch when her husband King George II departs Britain for Germany, where he is the Elector of Hanover. Caroline rules until George's return in October.[7]
  • June 1 – Diederik Durven becomes the new Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) upon the death of Mattheus de Haan.
  • June 8 – The Botanic Gardens of Pamplemousses, one of the most popular tourist attractions on the island republic of Mauritius, are started by Pierre Barmond, who sets aside thousands of acres for the purpose of preservation of the islands flora. The gardens come to occupy 97 square miles or 251 square kilometers.

July–September
  • July 25 – Seven of the original eight Lords Proprietor of the Province of Carolina sell their shares back to the British crown. The 1710 division of the Province is made permanent and the area is reorganized into the Royal Colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina.
  • July 27 – A fire that breaks out on this day in Istanbul[8] destroys 12,000 houses and kills 7,000 inhabitants.
  • July 30 – Baltimore, Maryland is founded.
  • August 1 – The Comet of 1729, possibly the largest comet based on the absolute magnitude, on record, is discovered by Fr. Nicolas Sarrabat, a professor of mathematics at Marseille.
  • September 29 – The Battle of Damghan begins as the Persian Safavid Army, commanded by General Nader Khan Afshar confronts a larger force of rebel Afghan troops commanded by the Emir Ashraf Hotak.

October–December
  • October 5 – After seven days of battle, the Persians under Nader Khan Afshar make a daring attack through the center of the Emir Ashraf's battalions, killing 12,000 of the Afghans and forcing the remainder to flee, bringing an end to the Battle of Damghan.
  • November 9 – The Treaty of Seville is signed between Great Britain, France, Spain and the Dutch Republic.[9]
  • November 29
    • The Natchez revolt, the worst Native American massacre to take place on Mississippi soil, occurs when Natchez people kill 138 Frenchmen, 35 French women, and 56 children at Fort Rosalie (near modern-day Natchez, Mississippi).
    • The first (wooden) Putney Bridge is completed, as the only fixed crossing of the River Thames between London Bridge and Kingston, England.
  • December 2 – George Frideric Handel's famous opera Lotario is given its first performance, premiering at the King's Theatre in London.
  • December 12 – Under the pretense of a peace offering, the Yazoo and Koroa warriors enter the French settlement at Fort St. Pierre (near modern-day Vicksburg, Mississippi) and kill most of the inhabitants.[10]

Date unknown
  • The third oldest settlement in Mississippi, Port Gibson, is founded by French settlers.
  • Jonathan Swift (anonymously) publishes his satire A Modest Proposal.[11]

Births
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Anders Chydenius
  • February 26 – Anders Chydenius, Finnish economist, liberal politician and Lutheran priest (d. 1803)[12]
Catherine II of Russia

Deaths
  • January 11 – Thomas of Cori, Italian Friar Minor and preacher (b. 1655)
  • January 19
    • William Congreve, English playwright (b. 1670)[14]
    • Lorenzo Cozza, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1654)
  • January 30 – Lothar Franz von Schönborn, Archbishop of Mainz (b. 1655)
  • January 31 – Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (b. 1659)
  • February 11 – Solomon Stoddard, pastor of the Congregationalist Church in Northampton, Massachusetts (b. 1643)
  • February 17 – John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (b. 1658)
  • March 2 – Francesco Bianchini, Italian philosopher, scientist (b. 1662)
  • March 15 – Elisabeth Eleonore of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess consort of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1658)
  • March 21 – John Law, Scottish economist (b. 1671)
  • March 18 – Michael Bernhard Valentini, German naturalist (b. 1657)
  • March 21 – Elżbieta Sieniawska, politically influential Polish magnate (b. 1669)
  • April 12 – Louis-Guillaume Pécour, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1653)
  • March 6 – Sir William Lowther, 1st Baronet, of Swillington, British politician (b. 1663)
  • March 26 – Simon de la Loubère, French diplomat (b. 1642)
  • May 4 – Louis-Antoine, Cardinal de Noailles, French bishop (b. 1651)
Samuel Clarke

References
  1. Gilbert R. Cruz, Let There Be Towns: Spanish Municipal Origins in the American Southwest, 1610-1810 (Texas A&M University Press, 1996) p60
  2. Martin Sicker, The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire (Greenwood Press, 2001) p57
  3. Thomas D. Wilson, The Oglethorpe Plan: Enlightenment Design in Savannah and Beyond (University of Virginia Press, 2015)
  4. Lester C. Olson, Benjamin Franklin's Vision of American Community: A Study in Rhetorical Iconology (University of South Carolina Press, 2004) p117
  5. Mark A. Peters, Compositional Choices and Meaning in the Vocal Music of J. S. Bach (Lexington Books, 2018) p168
  6. Thomas Francis Moran, The Theory and Practice of the English Government (Longmans, Green, and Company, 1903) pp 264-265
  7. "Regents (England and France)", in The Manual of Dates, A Dictionary of Reference to All the Most Important Events in the History of Mankind to be Found in Authentic Records, by George H. Townsend (Frederick Warne & Company, 1877) p805
  8. Yıldız, Kenan. "Istanbul Fires During the Ottoman Period". History of Istanbul. Retrieved April 30, 2021.
  9. William L. R. Cates (1863). The Pocket Date Book. Chapman and Hall.
  10. George Edward Milne, Natchez Country: Indians, Colonists, and the Landscapes of Race in French Louisiana (University of Georgia Press, 2015) p185
  11. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  12. Pelo, June. "Anders Chydenius". Archived from the original on October 30, 2007. Retrieved December 9, 2020.
  13. "Catherine the Great | Biography, Facts, & Accomplishments". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 22, 2019.
  14. "William Congreve | English dramatist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
  15. Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland to the Death of George II. Trustees of the British Museum. 1911. p. 2.
  16. "Parish Church of St Peter, Carmarthen". BritishListedBuildings. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  17. Albert Rosenberg (1953). Sir Richard Blackmore: A Poet and Physician of the Augustan Age. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 158–160.
  18. Charles Bradlaugh (1956). Half-hours with the Freethinkers. J. Watts. p. 46.
  19. John McClintock; James Strong (1889). Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature. Harper & Brothers. p. 500.

Further reading
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