彷徨

See also: 徬徨

Chinese
simp. and trad.
(彷徨)		 彷 徨
variant forms 旁皇
傍偟
徬徨
房皇

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 唐 (101) 唐 (102)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 步光切 胡光切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɑŋ/ /ɦwɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bɑŋ/ /ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /baŋ/ /ɦwaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /bɑŋ/ /ɣuɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱɑŋ/ /ɣwɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 páng huáng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 páng huáng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bang › ‹ hwang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]ˁaŋ/ /*[ɢ]ʷˁaŋ/
English bang-hwang hestitate 彷徨 bang.hwang hesitate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 彷 徨
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 3000 12706
Phonetic
component		 方 王
Rime
group		 陽 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 傍 黃
Old
Chinese		 /*baːŋ/ /*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes 見莊子 見揚雄賦

Verb

彷徨

  1. to walk back and forth; to roam around
  2. (figuratively) to hesitate; to be indecisive
  3. (literary, of wind) to revolve; to go round; to spiral

Derived terms
  • 彷徨四顧／彷徨四顾
  • 彷徨失措
  • 彷徨歧途

Japanese
Kanji in this term
彷 徨
ほう
Hyōgaiji		 こう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

彷徨 (hiragana ほうこう, rōmaji hōkō)

  1. wandering, roaming

Verb

彷徨する (hiragana ほうこうする, rōmaji hōkō suru)

  1. wander, rove, ramble

Conjugation
Conjugation of "彷徨する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 彷徨し ほうこうし hōkō shi
Continuative (連用形) 彷徨し ほうこうし hōkō shi
Terminal (終止形) 彷徨する ほうこうする hōkō suru
Attributive (連体形) 彷徨する ほうこうする hōkō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 彷徨すれ ほうこうすれ hōkō sure
Imperative (命令形) 彷徨せよ¹
彷徨しろ²		 ほうこうせよ¹
ほうこうしろ²		 hōkō seyo¹
hōkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 彷徨される ほうこうされる hōkō sareru
Causative 彷徨させる
彷徨さす		 ほうこうさせる
ほうこうさす		 hōkō saseru
hōkō sasu
Potential 彷徨できる ほうこうできる hōkō dekiru
Volitional 彷徨しよう ほうこうしよう hōkō shiyō
Negative 彷徨しない ほうこうしない hōkō shinai
Negative continuative 彷徨せず ほうこうせず hōkō sezu
Formal 彷徨します ほうこうします hōkō shimasu
Perfective 彷徨した ほうこうした hōkō shita
Conjunctive 彷徨して ほうこうして hōkō shite
Hypothetical conditional 彷徨すれば ほうこうすれば hōkō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

See also

Korean
Hanja in this term
彷徨

Noun

彷徨 • (banghwang) (hangeul 방황)

  1. Hanja form? of 방황 (“wandering”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this word
彷徨

Adjective

彷徨

  1. Hán tự form of bàng hoàng (“stunned; stupefied; dumbfounded”).
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