患

患 U+60A3, 患
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60A3
← 悢
[U+60A2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 悤 →
[U+60A4]

Translingual

Han character

患 (radical 61, 心+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 中中心 (LLP), four-corner 50336, composition ⿱串心)

References
  • KangXi: page 388, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10691
  • Dae Jaweon: page 721, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2300, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+60A3

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 患
variant forms 𢠶
𢤒

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (患) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
漶 *ɡoːns
贃 *qroːns
患 *ɡroːns
槵 *ɡroːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡroːns) : phonetic 串 (OC *kroːns, *kʰjons) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Since Shuowen does not have the character 串, it interprets the character as phonetic 吅 (OC *qʰon, *sqʰon, *sɢoŋs) + semantic 丨 + semantic 心 (“heart”) – to pierce through something from the heart. Duan Yucai claims in his commentary that older copies of Shuowen actually have phonetic 毌 (OC *koːn, *koːns, “to pierce through”) + semantic 心 (“heart”) instead.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • huam6 - Chaozhou;
  • huang6 - Shantou.
Rime
Character 患
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 刪 (70)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡慣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠuanH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚanH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwaɨnH/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuanH/
Wang
Li		 /ɣwanH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣwanH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 huàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 患
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwænH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁro[n]-s/
English calamity; distress

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 患
Reading # 1/1
No. 5364
Phonetic
component		 患
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 患
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡroːns/
Notes 本從串（毌）聲

Definitions

患

  1. to worry
  2. to contract (an illness); to gain; to suffer from; to be afflicted with
  3. trouble; peril

Compounds
Derived terms from 患

Japanese

Kanji
患

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. afflicted

Readings

Korean

Hanja

患 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

患 (hoạn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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