愧
See also: 媿
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Translingual
Han character
愧 (radical 61, 心+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 心竹山戈 (PHUI), four-corner 96013, composition ⿰忄鬼)
References
- KangXi: page 396, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10982
- Dae Jaweon: page 734, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2329, character 11
- Unihan data for U+6127
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
愧 |
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Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
謉 | *tkuːlʔ, *krul |
瑰 | *kuːl, *ɡuːl |
傀 | *kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ |
藱 | *kuːl |
魁 | *kʰuːl |
磈 | *kʰuːlʔ, *qulʔ |
塊 | *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds |
嵬 | *ŋɡuːl, *ŋɡuːlʔ |
隗 | *ŋɡuːlʔ |
槐 | *ɡuːl, *ɡruːl |
瘣 | *ɡuːlʔ |
廆 | *ɡuːlʔ |
溾 | *ɡuːlʔ, *qruːl |
螝 | *ɡuːls, *krul |
褢 | *ɡruːl |
騩 | *krul, *kruls, *kul |
愧 | *kruls |
媿 | *kruls |
聭 | *kruls |
餽 | *ɡruls |
鬼 | *kulʔ |
魏 | *ŋɡuls |
巍 | *ŋul |
犩 | *ŋul, *ŋuls |
Origins related to 媿. In Shuowen, understood as an Ideogrammic compound (會意) : abbreviated 恥 (“shame”) + 鬼 (“spirit”). Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kruls) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ).
Pronunciation
Definitions
愧
Compounds
References
- “愧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Readings
- Go-on: き (ki)←き (ki, historical)←くゐ (kwi, ancient)
- Kan-on: き (ki)←き (ki, historical)←くゐ (kwi, ancient)
- Kun: はじる (hajiru, 愧じる)←はぢる (fadiru, historical); はじらう (hajirau, 愧じらう)←はぢらふ (fadirafu, historical); はずかしめる (hazukashimeru, 愧める)←はづかしめる (fadukasimeru, historical); とがめる (togameru, 愧める)
Compounds
Proverbs
- 仰いで天に愧じず,俯して地に怍じず (aoi de ten ni hajizu, fu shite chi ni hajizu)
- 俯仰天地に愧じず (fugyō tenchi ni hajizu)
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
愧 (quý)
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