U+6843, 桃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6843

[U+6842]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6844]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 75, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木中一人 (DLMO), four-corner 42913, composition)

Derived characters

  • 𥰜

References

  • KangXi: page 525, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14757
  • Dae Jaweon: page 913, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1202, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6843

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ
*l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew
*l'aːw
*l'aːw
*l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws
*l'aːw
*l'aːw
*l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ
𣂁 *sl̥ʰew
*l̥ʰews
*l'ew
*l'ewʔ
*l'ewʔ
*l'ewʔ
*l'ewʔ, *l'eːw
*l'ewʔ
*lew
*lew
*lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws
*lew, *l̥ʰeːw
*lew
*lew
*lews
*lews
*l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw
*l̥ʰeːw
*l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ
*l̥ʰeːw
*l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw
*l̥ʰeːw
*l̥ʰeːws
*l̥ʰeːws
*l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ
*l̥ʰeːws
*l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw
*l'eːwʔ
*l'eːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'aːw) : semantic  (tree) + phonetic  (OC *l'ewʔ).

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from the linguistic ancestor of Proto-Hmong-Mien *glaau³ᴬ (Bodman 1980, Schuessler, 2007). The oldest-known domesticated peach stones so far have been excavated in Zhejiang, east of the Central Plain cradle of Chinese civilization.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • thô/thô͘ - literary;
  • tô - vernacular (limited, e.g. 楊桃).
Note: do5 - limited, e.g. 楊桃.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (7)
Final () (89)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑu/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑu/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/daw/
Li
Rong
/dɑu/
Wang
Li
/dɑu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱɑu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
táo
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
táo
Middle
Chinese
‹ daw ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.lˁaw/
English peach

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16844
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'aːw/

Definitions

  1. peach tree
       táohuā   peach flower
  2. peach (fruit)
  3. peach-shaped object
  4. birthday
  5. Short for 核桃 (hétao, “walnut; made of walnut”).
  6. A surname.

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. peach

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
もも
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Brought to Japan in antiquity, with pits found in prehistoric sites from the Yayoi period, 300 BCE - 300 CE. Mentioned as a food in documents from the Nara and Heian periods.[1]

Ultimate derivation unknown. Theories include the following.

  • Possibly derived originally from a reduplication of (Old Japanese mu, modern Japanese mi, fruit), from the way that peaches often grow in clusters. However, the vowel shift seems unlikely given regular Japanese phonetic shifts. In addition, most reduplicated terms in Japanese have the 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) pitch accent pattern, starting high and falling, which differs from the 平板型 (heiban-gata) pitch accent pattern of this term.
  • Possibly cognate with Old Japanese (momo, hundred; lots). However, this also has the 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) pitch accent pattern.
  • Possibly a reduplication of (mo, hair), from the way that peaches are hairy. The term is spelled as 毛毛 in some ancient documents. However, was commonly used as man'yōgana for its phonetic value, in which cases its original Chinese meaning of hair is usually ignored.

None of the above possibilities seems very compelling. Given the archaeological evidence, this term probably originated before the Japanese ancestor population migrated to the Japanese archipelago.

Possibly related to (ancient mume, modern ume, Japanese apricot, Japanese plum).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana もも, katakana モモ, rōmaji momo)

  1. peach
  2. peach tree

Derived terms

Idioms

Descendants

  • Ainu: モマ (moma, Japanese peach, Japanese apricot)

Proper noun

(hiragana もも, rōmaji Momo)

  1. A female given name

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(do) (hangeul , revised do, McCuneReischauer to, Yale to)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (momo).

Kanji

(hiragana むむ, romaji mumu)

Noun

(hiragana むむ, romaji mumu)

  1. peach

Vietnamese

Han character

(đào)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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