禮

See also: 礼 and 𫌓
禮 U+79AE, 禮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79AE
← 禭
[U+79AD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禯 →
[U+79AF]
禮 U+F9B6, 禮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B6
← 例
[U+F9B5] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 醴 →
[U+F9B7]

Translingual
Traditional 禮
Simplified 礼
Japanese 礼
Korean 禮

Alternative forms

In Traditional Chinese, the component on the left of U+79AE is 礻. In Korean hanja and Japanese kyūjitai, the component on the left of U+79AE is 示 rather than 礻, which is also the historical form that appears in the Kangxi dictionary. A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F9B6 to reflect the form found in the Kangxi dictionary.

Han character

禮 (radical 113, 示+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 戈火廿田廿 (IFTWT), four-corner 35218, composition ⿰礻豊(GHTV) or ⿰示豊(JK or U+F9B6))

Derived characters
  • 𡅏, 𡓾, 𡤠, 𢹿, 𣠲, 𧕬, 𨰋

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 847, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24844
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1268, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2409, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+79AE

Chinese
trad. 禮
simp. 礼
variant forms
 
礼
𠃞 ancient form
𤔑 ancient form
𥜨
𥜪
𥘆

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 禮
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Ancient script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (豊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
體 *r̥ʰiːʔ
軆 *r̥ʰiːʔ
禮 *riːʔ
澧 *riːʔ
醴 *riːʔ
豊 *riːʔ
鱧 *riːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *riːʔ) : semantic 礻 (“altar”) + phonetic 豊 (OC *riːʔ) – performing rites at the altar.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • loi2 - vernacular;
  • li2 - literary.
Rime
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 盧啓切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /leiX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /leiX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lɛiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɛjX/
Li
Rong		 /leiX/
Wang
Li		 /lieiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /lieiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lǐ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 lǐ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ lejX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ˁijʔ/
English propriety, ceremony

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 禮
Reading # 1/1
No. 7839
Phonetic
component		 豊
Rime
group		 脂
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 禮
Old
Chinese		 /*riːʔ/

Definitions

禮

  1. present; gift (Classifier: 份 m c)
  2. ritual; rite
  3. etiquette
  4. ceremony
  5. salute
  6. 48th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "ritual" (𝌵)

Usage notes

Usually, a single 禮／礼 (lǐ) refers to a gift that involves more serious social interaction. For gifts between friends, 禮物／礼物 (lǐwù) is used instead.

Compounds
Derived terms from 禮

Japanese

Shinjitai

 礼

Kyūjitai

 禮

Kanji
禮

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 礼)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 礼 (“propriety; courtesy; politeness; etiquette”)

Readings
  • Go-on: らい (rai)
  • Kan-on: れい (rei)
  • Nanori: ひろ (hiro); れ (re)

Korean

Hanja

禮 (eumhun 례도/예도 례 (ryedo/yedo rye), South Korea 례도/예도 예 (ryedo/yedo ye))

  1. Hanja form? of 예 (“manners; etiquette”).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

禮: Hán Việt readings: lễ (里(lí)弟(đệ)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
禮: Nôm readings: lẻ[1][3][4][5], lẫy[2][3][4][5], lễ[1][2][5], rẽ[2][3], rẩy[2][4], lạy[3][4], lẩy[3][4], lãi[3][5], lể[4][5], lởi[3], lỡi[3], lấy[3], lảy[5], rẻ[5]

  1. Hán tự form of lễ (“ritual; ceremony; etiquette; gift”).
  2. Nôm form of lạy (“to kowtow”).
  3. Nôm form of lẻ (“odd (not divisible by two)”).

Compounds

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Hồ (1976).
  5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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