穴

See also: 六 and 冘
穴 U+7A74, 穴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A74
← 穳
[U+7A73] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 穵 →
[U+7A75]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

穴 (radical 116, 穴+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 十金 (JC), four-corner 30802, composition ⿱宀八)

  1. Kangxi radical #116, ⽳.

Derived characters
  • Index:Chinese radical/穴

References
  • KangXi: page 862, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25406
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1288, character 37
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2718, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7A74

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 穴

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 穴
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (穴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
泬 *qʰʷliːɡ
坹 *qʰʷliːɡ, *ɡʷliːɡ
穴 *ɡʷliːɡ
袕 *ɡʷliːɡ, *ɢʷjiɡ
鴪 *ɢʷiɡ

Pictogram (象形) —possibly an entrance to a cave or a door flap.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • huag8 - Shantou;
  • huêg8 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 穴
Mandarin Beijing /ɕyɛ⁵¹/
/ɕyɛ³⁵/
Harbin /ɕyɛ⁵³/
Tianjin /ɕye⁵³/
Jinan /ɕyə⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕyə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕyɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xining /ɕi²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕye¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕyə¹³/
Ürümqi /ɕyɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /ɕye²¹³/ 新
/ɕie²¹³/ 舊
Chengdu /ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /ɕie²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /ɕyeʔ⁵/
Hefei /ɕyɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕyəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕyaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦioʔ¹/
/ɦyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦyəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦyəʔ²/
Wenzhou /jy²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ɕye²²/
Tunxi /ɕyɛ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ɕie²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰyæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ɕyɵʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /hiat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /hiet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyt̚²/
Nanning /yt̚²²/
Hong Kong /jyt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hiat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hieʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xiɛ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huak̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hit̚³/
Rime
Character 穴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 屑 (88)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡決切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦwet̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷet̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwɛt̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuet̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɣiwet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣiwet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xué
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 穴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xué
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷˁi[t]/
English cave, pit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 穴
Reading # 1/1
No. 14092
Phonetic
component		 穴
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 穴
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷliːɡ/

Definitions

穴

  1. hole
  2. grave (pit)
  3. cave; cavern
  4. (figuratively) lair; den
  5. (traditional Chinese medicine) acupoint

Synonyms
  • (hole):
Dialectal synonyms of 孔 (“hole”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 孔, 洞, 穴
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 孔, 洞, 孔洞, 空洞, 空穴
Mandarin Beijing 窟窿
Jinan 窟窿
Xi'an 窟窿子, 窟窿
Wuhan 窟窿, 窟眼, 洞洞, 洞
Chengdu 窟窿, 洞洞, 洞
Yangzhou 洞
Hefei 窟窿, 洞
Cantonese Guangzhou 窿, 咕窿
Hong Kong 窿, 咕窿
Gan Nanchang 洞
Hakka Meixian 窿仔, 窿空仔
Jin Taiyuan 窟窿, 窟子
Min Bei Jian'ou 川
Min Dong Fuzhou 空空
Min Nan Xiamen 空, 空口
Quanzhou 空
Zhangzhou 空口
Taipei 空
Philippines (Manila) 空
Chaozhou 空
Wu Suzhou 洞
Wenzhou 洞, 窟, 窟窿
Xiang Changsha 洞
Shuangfeng 眼貢, 洞

Compounds
  • 丹穴
  • 井穴
  • 兩鼠鬥穴／两鼠斗穴
  • 八會穴／八会穴
  • 匪穴 (fěixué)
  • 十鼠同穴
  • 十鼠爭穴／十鼠争穴
  • 同穴
  • 啞穴／哑穴
  • 土穴
  • 墓穴 (mùxué)
  • 壺穴／壶穴
  • 壽穴／寿穴 (shòuxué)
  • 太陽穴／太阳穴 (tàiyángxué)
  • 孔穴 (kǒngxué)
  • 巖居穴處／岩居穴处
  • 巖穴／岩穴
  • 巖穴之士／岩穴之士
  • 巢居穴處／巢居穴处
  • 巢穴 (cháoxué)
  • 掃穴犁庭／扫穴犁庭
  • 掘穴
  • 武穴 (Wǔxué)
  • 洞穴 (dòngxué)
  • 犁庭掃穴／犁庭扫穴
  • 猿穴壞山／猿穴坏山
  • 瓊廚金穴／琼厨金穴
  • 禹穴
  • 穴位 (xuéwèi)
  • 穴子
  • 穴寶蓋兒／穴宝盖儿
  • 穴居
  • 穴居野處／穴居野处
  • 穴施
  • 穴處之徒／穴处之徒
  • 穴處知雨／穴处知雨
  • 穴見／穴见
  • 穴見小儒／穴见小儒
  • 穴診儀／穴诊仪
  • 穴道
  • 穴隙
  • 穴頭／穴头
  • 空穴來風／空穴来风 (kōngxuéláifēng)
  • 窟穴
  • 管穴
  • 結穴／结穴
  • 經穴／经穴
  • 群居穴處／群居穴处
  • 耳穴
  • 薰穴求君
  • 虎穴 (hǔxué)
  • 虎穴龍潭／虎穴龙潭
  • 蟻穴／蚁穴
  • 補垣塞穴／补垣塞穴
  • 複穴／复穴
  • 踰牆鑽穴／踰墙钻穴
  • 迴穴／回穴
  • 郝穴 (Hǎoxué)
  • 金穴
  • 鑽穴踰垣／钻穴踰垣
  • 鑽穴踰牆／钻穴踰墙
  • 阿是穴
  • 風穴／风穴 (fēngxué)
  • 鳳穴／凤穴
  • 點穴／点穴 (diǎnxué)
  • 鼷穴
  • 龍潭虎穴／龙潭虎穴
  • 龍穴／龙穴

References

Japanese

Kanji
穴

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. hole, opening

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
Kanji in this term
穴
あな
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

穴 (hiragana あな, rōmaji ana)

  1. hole
    靴下 (くつした)に穴 (あな)が開 (あ)いた。
    Kutsushita ni ana ga aita.
    My socks got a hole in them.
    (literally, “A hole opened up in my socks.”)
  2. opening, aperture
  3. pit
  4. cave, cavern
  5. lair, den, burrow
  6. loss, deficit
  7. flaw, defect

Synonyms

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

穴 (eumhun 구멍 혈 (gumeong hyeol))

  1. (구멍 혈, gumeong-): hole, hollow
  2. (구덩이 혈, gudeong'i-): pit, ditch
  3. (굴 혈, gul-): cave, cavern, cavity; den, burrow, sett
  4. (움 혈, um-): dugout

Synonyms

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

穴 (huyệt)

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