蚊

See also: 螡

蚊	U+868A, 蚊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-868A

← 蚉
[U+8689]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蚋 →
[U+868B]

Translingual

Han character

蚊 (radical 142, 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中戈卜大 (LIYK), four-corner 5014₀, composition ⿰虫文)

References

KangXi: page 1077, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32849
Dae Jaweon: page 1546, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2840, character 8
Unihan data for U+868A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (文) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
旻	*mrɯn
旼	*mrɯn
汶	mrɯn, mɯn, *mɯns
忞	*mrɯn
盿	*mrɯn
枚	*mɯːl
玫	*mɯːl
玟	*mɯːl
文	*mɯn
紋	*mɯn
蚊	*mɯn
雯	*mɯn
彣	*mɯn
馼	*mɯn
鳼	*mɯn
鼤	mɯn, mɯns
抆	mɯnʔ, mɯns
紊	*mɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯn) : semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		蚊
variant forms		蟁𧓹𧓢𧉬𧊈蟁𧓹𧓢𧉬𧊈鴖蚉螡䘇𧏎𨷷𧖁

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *muujs with a nominal suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Khmer មូស (muuh), Vietnamese muỗi.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wén (wen²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˊ

(Chengdu, SP): wen²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): man^4-1, man⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): mun^4*, mun⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): un⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mûn

(Meixian, Guangdong): mun¹
Jin (Wiktionary): veng¹
Min Bei (KCR): mǒ̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): muòng / ùng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhung¹
Wu (Wiktionary): men (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): men¹ / un²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: wén
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: wên²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wen
  - IPA ^(key): /u̯ən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wen²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
  - IPA ^(key): /uən²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: man^4-1, man⁴
  - Yale: mān, màhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man^4-1, man⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: men¹, men⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹⁻⁵⁵/, /mɐn²¹/

Note: man4 - literary, rare.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: mun^4*, mun⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /ᵐbun²¹⁻²¹⁵/, /ᵐbun²¹/

Note:

mun4* - standalone word;
mun4 - in compounds.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: un⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /un³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: mun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mun¹
  - IPA: /mun²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mun¹
  - IPA: /mun⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: veng¹
  - IPA (old-style): /və̃ŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǒ̤ng
  - IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: muòng / ùng
  - IPA ^(key): /muoŋ⁵³/, /uŋ⁵³/

Note:

muòng - vernacular (used in 風蚊);
ùng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn
  - Tâi-lô: bûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: buun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhung¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bung
  - IPA ^(key): /buŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: men (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /məɲ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: men¹ / un²
  - IPA ^(key): /mən³³/, /uən¹³/

Note:

men1 - vernacular;
un2 - literary.

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 蚊
Mandarin	Beijing	/uən³⁵/
	Harbin	/uən²⁴/
	Tianjin	/vən⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/vẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/və̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/uən⁴²/
	Xi'an	/vẽ²⁴/
	Xining	/uə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/vəŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/və̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/vɤŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/uən²¹³/
	Chengdu	/uən³¹/
	Guiyang	/uen²¹/
	Kunming	/uə̃³¹/
	Nanjing	/un²⁴/
	Hefei	/uən⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/uŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/və̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/vəŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/mən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ven²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vaŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/uʌ̃⁴⁴/ /mʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/man⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/uən¹³/ /mən³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/uən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/un⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/mun⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/mun²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/mɐn⁵⁵/
	Nanning	/mɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/mɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/bun³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/muoŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/mɔŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/buŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/vun³¹/ /maŋ²¹³/ 訓蠓

Middle Chinese: /mɨun/▼

Rime
Character	蚊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	無分切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/miun/
Shao Rongfen	/miuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mun/
Li Rong	/miuən/
Wang Li	/mĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wén

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mə[r]/

(Zhengzhang): /*mɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蚊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wén
Middle Chinese	‹ mjun ›
Old Chinese	/*C.mə[r]/
English	mosquito
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蚊
Reading #	1/1
No.	13017
Phonetic component	文
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	文
Old Chinese	/*mɯn/
Notes	說文俗同蟁

Definitions

蚊

mosquito (Classifier: 隻／只)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蚊子 (“mosquito”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蚊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蚊子, 蚊
Taxonomic name		蚊
Mandarin	Beijing	蚊子
	Taiwan	蚊子
	Harbin	蚊子
	Shenyang	蚊子
	Jinan	蚊子
	Muping	蚊子
	Luoyang	蚊子
	Wanrong	蚊子
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	長腿子
	Xi'an	蚊子
	Zhengzhou	蚊
	Xining	蚊子
	Xuzhou	蚊子
	Yinchuan	蚊子
	Lanzhou	蚊子
	Ürümqi	蚊子
	Wuhan	蚊子
	Chengdu	蚊子
	Guiyang	蚊子, 尖嘴蚊
	Guilin	蚊子
	Liuzhou	蚊子
	Kunming	蚊子
	Yangzhou	蚊子
	Nanjing	蚊子
	Hefei	蚊子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蚊
	Hong Kong	蚊
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	蚊
	Shunde	蚊
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蚊
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	蚊
	Taishan	蚊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蚊
	Dongguan	蚊
	Shaoguan	蚊仔, 蚊
	Yunfu	蚊仔
	Yangjiang	蚊蟲
	Xinyi	蚊子
	Lianjiang	蚊子, 蚊
	Nanning	蚊
	Wuzhou	蚊
	Yulin	蚊子
	Hepu	蚊
	Kuala Lumpur	蚊
Gan	Nanchang	蚊蟲
	Lichuan	蚊仔
	Pingxiang	蚊子
Hakka	Meixian	蚊仔
	Luchuan	蚊子
	Yudu	蚊子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	蚊仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	蚊仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	蚊仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	蚊
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	蚊仔, 蚊
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	蚊
	Hong Kong	蚊
	Sabah	蚊仔
	Senai	蚊
	Singkawang	蚊
Huizhou	Jixi	蚊蟲
Jin	Taiyuan	蚊子
Jin	Xinzhou	蚊子, 蠅蚊子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	蠓
Min Dong	Fuzhou	風蚊
	Fuqing	蠓
	Matsu	風蚊
Min Nan	Xiamen	蠓仔, 蠓
	Quanzhou	蠓仔, 蠓
	Zhangzhou	蠓仔, 蠓
	Taipei	烏司蠓仔, 烏蝛, 蠓仔, 躼跤蠓
	Kaohsiung	烏蝛, 蠓仔, 躼跤蠓
	Tainan	烏蝛, 蠓仔
	Taichung	蠓仔
	Hsinchu	蠓仔
	Lukang	烏蝛仔蠓, 草蠓, 蠓
	Sanxia	花蠓, 烏司蠓, 蠓, 躼跤蠓
	Yilan	烏蝛仔, 蠓, 躼跤蠓
	Kinmen	蠓
	Magong	蠓
	Penang	蠓
	Singapore	蠓
	Philippines (Manila)	蠓
	Pingnan	蚊仔
	Chaozhou	蠓
	Shantou	蠓
	Haifeng	蠓
	Johor Bahru	蠓
	Haikou	蠓
	Leizhou	蠓
Puxian Min	Putian	蠓
Puxian Min	Xianyou	蠓
Pinghua	Nanning	蚊子
Pinghua	Guilin	蚊蟲
Wu	Shanghai	蚊子, 蚊蟲
	Suzhou	蚊子
	Hangzhou	蚊子
	Wenzhou	蚊蟲
	Chongming	蚊子
	Danyang	蚊子
	Jinhua	蚊蟲
	Ningbo	蚊蟲
Xiang	Changsha	夜蚊子, 蚊子
	Shuangfeng	齧人蚊子, 蚊子
	Xiangtan	蚊子
	Loudi	蚊子
	Quanzhou	蚊蟲

Compounds

三斑家蚊
伊蚊 (yīwén)
使蚊負山／使蚊负山
家蚊
捕蚊燈／捕蚊灯 (bǔwéndēng)
搖蚊／摇蚊 (yáowén)
斑蚊
病媒蚊
瘧媒蚊／疟媒蚊
瘧蚊／疟蚊 (nüèwén)

聚蚊成雷
蚊力
蚊力負山／蚊力负山
蚊動牛鬥／蚊动牛斗
蚊子 (wénzi, “mosquito”)
蚊屋
蚊帳／蚊帐 (wénzhàng)
蚊睫
蚊睫之蟲／蚊睫之虫

蚊虻之勞／蚊虻之劳
蚊蚋
蚊蠅／蚊蝇
蚊負／蚊负
蚊雷
蚊香 (wénxiāng)
電蚊香／电蚊香
飛蚊症／飞蚊症 (fēiwénzhèng)
黑斑蚊 (hēibānwén)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		蚊
variant forms		文緡／缗

From 文 (man4, “classifier for copper coins”).

Pronunciation

Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): man^4-1

(Taishan, Wiktionary): mun²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: man^4-1
  - Yale: mān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: man^4-1
  - Guangdong Romanization: men¹
  - IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹⁻⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: mun²
  - IPA ^(key): /ᵐbun⁵⁵/

Definitions

蚊

(Cantonese) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
兩百蚊 / 两百蚊 [Cantonese] ― loeng⁵ baak³ man^4-1 [Jyutping] ― two hundred bucks

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 元 (“yuan; dollar”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		圓, 元
Mandarin	Beijing	塊
	Taiwan	塊
	Harbin	塊
	Jinan	塊
	Muping	塊
	Luoyang	塊
	Wanrong	塊
	Xi'an	塊
	Xining	塊
	Xuzhou	塊
	Yinchuan	塊
	Lanzhou	塊
	Ürümqi	塊
	Wuhan	塊
	Chengdu	塊
	Guiyang	塊
	Guilin	塊
	Liuzhou	塊
	Yangzhou	塊
	Nanjing	塊
	Hefei	塊
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蚊, 蚊雞, 個
	Hong Kong	蚊, 蚊雞, 個
	Shunde	蚊
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蚊
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	蚊
	Taishan	蚊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蚊
	Dongguan	蚊, 蚊雞
	Shaoguan	蚊
	Yunfu	蚊
	Yangjiang	蚊, 個
	Lianjiang	蚊
	Nanning	蚊
	Hepu	蚊
	Kuala Lumpur	蚊, 箍
Gan	Nanchang	塊
	Lichuan	塊
	Pingxiang	塊
Hakka	Meixian	塊
	Yudu	塊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	個
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	個
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	個
	Dongshi (Dabu)	個
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	個
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	箍
	Hong Kong	塊
	Sabah	箍
	Senai	箍
	Singkawang	盾
Huizhou	Jixi	塊
Jin	Taiyuan	塊
Jin	Xinzhou	塊
Min Bei	Jian'ou	塊
Min Dong	Fuzhou	塊
	Fuqing	塊
	Matsu	塊
Min Nan	Xiamen	箍
	Quanzhou	箍
	Zhangzhou	箍
	Taipei	箍
	Kaohsiung	箍
	Tainan	箍
	Taichung	箍
	Hsinchu	箍
	Lukang	箍
	Sanxia	箍
	Yilan	箍
	Kinmen	箍
	Magong	箍
	Penang	箍
	Chaozhou	箍
	Johor Bahru	箍
	Haikou	個
	Leizhou	個
Puxian Min	Putian	個
Puxian Min	Xianyou	個
Pinghua	Nanning	蚊, 蚊雞
Pinghua	Guilin	塊
Wu	Shanghai	塊
	Suzhou	塊
	Hangzhou	塊
	Wenzhou	個
	Chongming	塊
	Danyang	塊
	Jinhua	塊
Xiang	Changsha	塊
	Shuangfeng	塊
	Loudi	塊
	Quanzhou	塊

Compounds

蚊雞／蚊鸡

Japanese

Kanji

蚊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

mosquito

Readings

Go-on: もん (mon)
Kan-on: ぶん (bun)
Kun: か (ka, 蚊, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
蚊
か Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Possibly related to 噛む (kamu, “to bite”) or 痒い (kayui, “itchy”), although the ultimate derivation remains unknown.

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) か [kà] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [ka̠]
- Audio (file)

Noun

蚊 (hiragana か, rōmaji ka)

mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 161)
  蚊蟻上可下音疑訓安利乃古

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
蚊
かあ Grade: S
Irregular

Cognate with 蚊 (ka). Likely pronounced long due to being a single mora. Elongation of single mora words is still seen in the Ōsaka dialect with words like teː "hand" from te. The 794 quotation is the oldest extant example of a long vowel in Japanese.

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)
- IPA^(key): [ka̠ː]

Noun

蚊 (hiragana かあ, rōmaji kā)

mosquito
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (page 104)
  蚊蝄䖟蜺 [...] 上二字加安下二字阿牟
- 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (page 3 (back))
  蚊加阿

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), →ISBN.
Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

蚊 (eum 문 (mun))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蚊: Hán Nôm readings: văn, mân

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN