U+8D77, 起
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D77

[U+8D76]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8D78]
起 U+2F9D7, 起
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9D7
贛
[U+2F9D6]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𧼯
[U+2F9D8]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order
Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Alternative forms

The component in the top right corner is written as according to Hong Kong and Taiwan standards (traditional Chinese script) and according to the writing standards of mainland China (simplified Chinese), Japan, Korea and Vietnam.

Han character

(radical 156, +3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 土人口山 (GORU) or 土人尸山 (GOSU), four-corner 47801, composition(HT) or ⿺(GJKV))

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 1215, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37048
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1683, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3476, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8D77

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
variant forms 𨑖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ljɯʔ, *lɯs
*ljɯʔ
*ljɯʔ
*zrɯʔ
*kʰɯʔ
*qʰlɯ
*qʰlɯ, *lɯ
*lɯ
*lɯ, *lɯs
*lɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰɯʔ) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *ljɯʔ, *lɯs).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/kʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qʰ(r)əʔ/
English rise (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12011
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰɯʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to rise; to go up; to move up
  2. to stand up; to rise
  3. to break out; to grow
  4. to start; to begin; to become; to take
  5. to initiate; to instigate; to trigger off
  6. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) to construct; to build
    線路 / 线路 [Cantonese]   hei2 gan2 ge3 sin3 lou6 [Jyutping]   routes currently being built
  7. to prepare; to draw up; to come up with
  8. to extract; to pull out; to remove
    螺絲 / 螺丝   luósī    screwdriver
  9. (in /……起 structures) from
  10. particle placed after verbs to indicate upward movement; ... up
          to pick up; to lift
  11. particle placed after verbs to indicate the beginning of a continued action
  12. (used with or after verbs) up to a certain standard; to be able to stand or afford
  13. particle placed after verbs to indicate the involvement of a person or thing in the action
  14. Classifier for incidents: cases
  15. Classifier for batches or groups.

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to rise, to wake up
  2. to rise, to stand up

Readings

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

(gi) (hangeul , revised gi, McCuneReischauer ki, Yale ki)

  1. beginning

Kunigami

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɸukiɾuŋ/

Verb

(hiragana ふき゚るん, romaji fukirun)

  1. to wake up

Miyako

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ukiz̩/

Verb

(hiragana うきㇲ゙, romaji ukiz)

  1. to wake up

Okinawan

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔukijuŋ/

Verb

(hiragana うきゆん, romaji ukiyun)

  1. to wake up

Vietnamese

Han character

(khởi, khỉ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔukin/

Verb

(hiragana うきん, romaji ukin)

  1. to wake up

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔukiɾuŋ/

Verb

(hiragana うきるん, romaji ukirun)

  1. to wake up

Yonaguni

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /uɡiɾuŋ/

Verb

(hiragana うぎるん, romaji ugirun)

  1. to wake up
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