est
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛst/
- Rhymes: -ɛst
Etymology 1
From Middle English este, from Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour, grace, liberality, munificence, bounty, kindness, love, good pleasure, harmony, liberal gifts, luxuries”), from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”). Cognate with Icelandic ást (“affection, love”), Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”), German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”), Danish yndest (“favour”), Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”). More at own.
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
Adjective
est (not comparable)
- Abbreviation of established.
- 2010, Julie Turjoman, Brave New Knits (page 49)
- Work sleeve, sl raglan marker, work in ribbing as est to cable marker
- 2010, Julie Turjoman, Brave New Knits (page 49)
Derived terms
- re-est
Etymology 3
Initialism.
Alternative forms
Noun
est (uncountable)
- Erhard Seminars Training, a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it.
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
See also
Cardinal directions (punt cardinal):
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Further reading
- “est” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “est” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “est” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “est” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Danish
Verb
est
- (archaic) present of være, second person singular (art)
- 1812, Udvalgte danske Viser fra Middelalderen, page 19
- Om jeg end Engene hver Nat / I Sorgen maa betræde, / Din Magt den har mig altid fat, / Dog du est ej tilstede: ...
- Even if I, each night, the meadows / Must walk upon, mourningly, / Thy power always has its grip on me, / Though thou art not present: ...
- Om jeg end Engene hver Nat / I Sorgen maa betræde, / Din Magt den har mig altid fat, / Dog du est ej tilstede: ...
- 1863, Ludvig baron Holberg, Frederik Ludvig LIEBENBERG, Vilhelm MARSTRAND, Ludvig Holbergs Peder Paars, udgivet for det Holbergske Samfund af F. L. Liebenberg, page 152
- Jeg nesten gietter hvad til saadant dig har dreven: / Du est vist uden Tvivl for Døden bange bleven. / Rak, giør Dig reede strax, paa Rejsen dig begiv, / Kald Folket sammen; see, du redde kand dit Liv!
- I can sort of guess what has driven thee to such things: / Undoubtedly, thou art become frightened of death. / Rabble, prepare thyself straight away, commence the journey, / Call together the people; see, thou canst save thy life!
- Jeg nesten gietter hvad til saadant dig har dreven: / Du est vist uden Tvivl for Døden bange bleven. / Rak, giør Dig reede strax, paa Rejsen dig begiv, / Kald Folket sammen; see, du redde kand dit Liv!
- 1812, Udvalgte danske Viser fra Middelalderen, page 19
French
Etymology 1
From Old French, from Old English ēast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛst/
Etymology 2
From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ/, /e/
Derived terms
Further reading
- “est” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Hungarian
Etymology
From the word esik.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɛʃt]
Audio (file)
Noun
est (plural estek)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | est | estek |
accusative | estet | esteket |
dative | estnek | esteknek |
instrumental | esttel | estekkel |
causal-final | estért | estekért |
translative | estté | estekké |
terminative | estig | estekig |
essive-formal | estként | estekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | estben | estekben |
superessive | esten | esteken |
adessive | estnél | esteknél |
illative | estbe | estekbe |
sublative | estre | estekre |
allative | esthez | estekhez |
elative | estből | estekből |
delative | estről | estekről |
ablative | esttől | estektől |
Possessive forms of est | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | estem | estjeim |
2nd person sing. | ested | estjeid |
3rd person sing. | estje | estjei |
1st person plural | estünk | estjeink |
2nd person plural | estetek | estjeitek |
3rd person plural | estjük | estjeik |
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛst/
Audio (file)
See also
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Cognate with Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti), Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (astiy), Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi), Old Church Slavonic єстъ (estŭ), Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /est/, [ɛst]
Verb
est
- third-person singular present active indicative of sum
- Marcus agricola est. ― "Marcus is a farmer."
- Est senex. ― "He is old."
- Est puella in vīllā. ― "There is a girl in the villa."
Quotations
- For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:est.
Derived terms
Descendants
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /eːst/
Synonyms
References
- est in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-Germanic *austrą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛːst/
References
- “ēst (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.
Middle French
Norman
Etymology
From Old French, from Old English ēast.
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”). Cognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eːst/
Declension
- Masculine
- Feminine
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.
Declension
singular | ||
---|---|---|
n gender | indefinite articulation | definite articulation |
nominative/accusative | (un) est | estul |
genitive/dative | (unui) est | estului |
vocative | estule |
Further reading
- est in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Sardinian
Etymology
From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Swedish
Pronunciation
audio (file)