Inventory of Innovative Indoor Smoke
Alleviating Technologies in Nepal
9
Centre for Self-help Development (CSD) and
Department of Women Development (DWD) are
identified as service providers for the facilitation of
National ICS programme. With the expansion of NICSP
coverage, some additional NGOs namely, REDA, BNA,
RDSC, REMREC, RESDTN, and RDSC are also
responsible for providing the services. The ICS
programme is implemented through district based
local partner organisation (LPO) identified by service
providing organisations. The Regional Renewable
Energy Service Centre (RRESC) of AEPC/ESAP facilitates
the training and disseminates information for partner
organisations. The institutional linkage of NICSP to
AEPC/ESAP is shown in Figure 3.1.
29.8, 30.5 and 9 per cent respectively. Users shifting
to ICS benefited by less time spent cooking (23 minutes
a day), reduced levels of smoke (which ultimately
reduces the expenditure on health by NRs. 463 per
HH), firewood saving (23.5 percent), easy cooking and
clean kitchen environment (non-hazy environment, good
lighting, and less soot on walls, floor and ceiling). During
the field monitoring visit, 99.7 per cent of ICS were in
operation with 91.1 per cent in daily use. Among all the
users 73.6 per cent ICS users were satisfied with the
stove’s performance. ICS users also used their saved
time from cooking for other income generating
activities.
AEPC
ICS
Stakeholders
ESAP
ICS* Component
ICS
Co-ordination Team
Other Donors and INGOs
Central-based
Service Provider (CRT/N)
Regional Renewable
Energy Centers
Central-based
Service Provider (DWD)
Distict Office
Stand-alone Regional
Renewal Energy
Centres (DCRDC, NCDC,
RuCoDes, CSD)
Local Partner Organixsations
NGOs/CBOs, GOs, DDCs, VDCs, Schools etc.
Promoters
Users
Figure 3.1: NICSP implementation modality and organisation linkage chart
Source: AEPC/ESAP 2006
The objectives behind the innovation of mud-brick ICS
and metal stoves are to improve the health of rural
people by reducing IAP, fuel wood consumption,
dependency on forest resources for domestic energy
consumption, cooking and fuel-wood collection time,
drudgery of rural women and improve sanitation by
involving rural people with income generating activities.
The implementation of ICS programme replaced the
tripod, three stone and traditional mud stove users by
Pandey et al. (1987) monitored the personal exposure
levels of Respirable Suspended Particulates (RSP), CO
and formaldehyde (1 hour for RSP concentration and 1
hour concentration of CO and HCHO) during cooking
periods in 20 HHs with traditional stoves (without
chimneys) and ICS in rural hilly region of Nepal. The
monitoring was conducted between November 1986 and
March 1987. It was found that the level of concentration
of RSP, CO, HCHO was 8,200 µg/m3, 82.5 ppm and 1.4
ppm for traditional stoves respectively, whereas, the