Chloriridovirus

Chloriridovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Varidnaviria
Kingdom: Bamfordvirae
Phylum: Nucleocytoviricota
Class: Megaviricetes
Order: Pimascovirales
Family: Iridoviridae
Subfamily: Betairidovirinae
Genus: Chloriridovirus

Chloriridovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Iridoviridae.[1] Diptera with aquatic larval stage, mainly mosquitoes, lepidoptera, and orthoptera insects serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: yellow-green iridescence beneath the epidermis (early mosquito larval stages are most susceptible to infection). Death rates are highest in the fourth instar.[2][3] Viruses within this genus have been found to infect mosquito larvae, in which they produce various iridescent colors.[4]

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species:[5]

  • Anopheles minimus iridovirus
  • Invertebrate iridescent virus 3
  • Invertebrate iridescent virus 9
  • Invertebrate iridescent virus 22
  • Invertebrate iridescent virus 25

Structure

Viruses in the genus Chloriridovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral and polyhedral geometries, and T=189-217 symmetry. The diameter is around 180 nm. Genomes are linear, around 135kb in length. The genome codes for 126 proteins.[1][2]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
ChloriridovirusPolyhedralT=189-217LinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Diptera with aquatic larval stage, mainly mosquitoes, lepidoptera, and orthoptera insects serve as the natural host.[1][2]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
ChloriridovirusDiptera with aquatic larval stage, mainly mosquitoesNoneCell receptor endocytosisBuddingNucleusCytoplasmUnknown

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Iridoviridae". ICTV Online (10th) Report.
  2. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ↑ Willis, Dawn B. (1990). "Taxonomy of Iridoviruses". In Gholamreza, Darai (ed.). Molecular Biology of Iridoviruses. Springer Verlag. pp. 1–12. ISBN 978-1-4612-8893-0.
  4. ↑ Becnel, James J. (16 January 2008). "Current status of Deltabaculoviruses, Cypoviruses and Chloriridoviruses pathogenic for mosquitoes". Virologica Sinica. 22 (2): 117–127. doi:10.1007/s12250-007-0013-4.
  5. ↑ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
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