Xipapillomavirus

Xipapillomavirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cossaviricota
Class: Papovaviricetes
Order: Zurhausenvirales
Family: Papillomaviridae
Genus: Xipapillomavirus

Xipapillomavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Papillomaviridae.[1] Bovine serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: true papillomas on the cutaneous or mucosal surfaces of cattle.[2][3]

Taxonomy

The following five species are assigned to the genus:[3]

  • Xipapillomavirus 1
  • Xipapillomavirus 2
  • Xipapillomavirus 3
  • Xipapillomavirus 4
  • Xipapillomavirus 5

Structure

Viruses in Xipapillomavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 52-55 nm. Genomes are circular, around 7kb in length. The genome has 6 open reading frames.[2]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
XipapillomavirusIcosahedralT=7Non-envelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear envelope breakdown. Bovine serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are contact.[2]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
XipapillomavirusBovinesEpithelial: mucous; epithelial: skinCell receptor endocytosisLysisNucleusNucleusContact

References

  1. ↑ Van Doorslaer, K; Chen, Z; Bernard, HU; Chan, PKS; DeSalle, R; Dillner, J; Forslund, O; Haga, T; McBride, AA; Villa, LL; Burk, RD; ICTv Report Consortium (August 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Papillomaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (8): 989–990. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001105. PMC 6171710. PMID 29927370.
  2. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
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