DBX1

DBX1
Identifiers
Aliases	DBX1, developing brain homeobox 1, HLX1
External IDs	MGI: 94867 HomoloGene: 19002 GeneCards: DBX1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)[1]
End	20,160,475 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2]
End	49,286,597 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	pituitary gland;
	Top expressed in
	tongue; ; pineal gland; ; condyle; ; dermis; ; extraocular muscle; ; thoracic diaphragm; ; ureter; ; medial ganglionic eminence; ; limb; ; spinal cord;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific;
Cellular component	nucleus;
Biological process	regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; multicellular organism development; ventral spinal cord interneuron specification; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; cell differentiation in spinal cord;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	120237
	13172
	ENSG00000109851
	ENSMUSG00000030507
	A6NMT0
	P52950
	NM_001029865
	NM_001005232
	NP_001025036
	NP_001005232
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Homeobox protein DBX1, also known as developing brain homeobox protein 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DBX1 gene. The DBX1 gene is a transcription factor gene that is pivotal in interneuron differentiation in the ventral spinal cord.

The spinal interneurons V0 and V1 are derived from progenitor domains that are differentiated by the expression of homeodomain proteins DBX1 and DBX2. DBX1 is spatially restricted and has a critical role in establishing the distinction of V0 and V1 neuronal fate. In DBX1 mutant mice, neural progenitors fail to generate V0 interneurons and instead gave rise to interneurons expressing V1 characteristics, such as their transcription factor profile, neurotransmitter phenotype, migratory pattern, and aspects of their axonal trajectory, suggesting that this single homeodomain transcription factor coordinates many of the differentiated properties of one class of interneurons generated in the ventral spinal cord.

V0 and V1 interneurons are thought to be critical in the role of rhythmic breathing, after using a neonatal mouse model. Destruction of these DBX1 neurons in the pre-Botzinger complex showed an impaired respiratory rhythm as well as a decreased magnitude of motor output activity.[5][6]

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109851 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030507 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Entrez Gene: developing brain homeobox 1".
Pierani A, Moran-Rivard L, Sunshine MJ, Littman DR, Goulding M, Jessell TM (February 2001). "Control of interneuron fate in the developing spinal cord by the progenitor homeodomain protein Dbx1". Neuron. 29 (2): 367–84. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00212-4. PMID 11239429. S2CID 2647092.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109851 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030507 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: developing brain homeobox 1".

[pmid11239429-6] Pierani A, Moran-Rivard L, Sunshine MJ, Littman DR, Goulding M, Jessell TM (February 2001). "Control of interneuron fate in the developing spinal cord by the progenitor homeodomain protein Dbx1". Neuron. 29 (2): 367–84. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00212-4. PMID 11239429. S2CID 2647092.