miR-191

miR-191 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]

miR-191
Conserved secondary structure of miR-191 microRNA precursor
Identifiers
SymbolmiR-191
Alt. SymbolsMIR191
RfamRF00764
miRBaseMI0000465
miRBase familyMIPF0000194
NCBI Gene406966
HGNC31561
RefSeqNR_029690
Other data
RNA typemiRNA
Domain(s)Mammalia
GO0035195
SO0001244
LocusChr. 3 p21.31
PDB structuresPDBe

miR-191 has been found to be dysregulated in many types of human tumour, including those of colorectal,[3] breast and prostate cancers.[4] Despite these cancer links, target genes of the mature miRNA have not been characterised, and it is not known which factors lead to its dysregulation in certain tumour cells.[5]

The expression profile of miR-191 could be implemented in prognosis of acute myeloid leukaemia, with higher than average levels of miR-191 suggesting a lower survival probability.[6]

References
  1. Ambros V (Dec 2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458. S2CID 14574186.
  2. Gregory RI, Chendrimada TP, Cooch N, Shiekhattar R (Nov 2005). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing". Cell. 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387. S2CID 16973870.
  3. Xi Y, Formentini A, Chien M, Weir DB, Russo JJ, Ju J, Kornmann M, Ju J (2006). "Prognostic Values of microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer". Biomarker Insights. 2: 113–121. PMC 2134920. PMID 18079988.
  4. Volinia S, Calin GA, Liu CG, Ambs S, Cimmino A, Petrocca F, Visone R, Iorio M, Roldo C, Ferracin M, Prueitt RL, Yanaihara N, Lanza G, Scarpa A, Vecchione A, Negrini M, Harris CC, Croce CM (Feb 2006). "A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (7): 2257–61. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.2257V. doi:10.1073/pnas.0510565103. PMC 1413718. PMID 16461460.
  5. Shen J, DiCioccio R, Odunsi K, Lele SB, Zhao H (2010-02-18). "Novel genetic variants in miR-191 gene and familial ovarian cancer". BMC Cancer. 10: 47. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-47. PMC 2831822. PMID 20167074.
  6. Garzon R, Volinia S, Liu CG, Fernandez-Cymering C, Palumbo T, Pichiorri F, Fabbri M, Coombes K, Alder H, Nakamura T, Flomenberg N, Marcucci G, Calin GA, Kornblau SM, Kantarjian H, Bloomfield CD, Andreeff M, Croce CM (Mar 2008). "MicroRNA signatures associated with cytogenetics and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia". Blood. 111 (6): 3183–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-07-098749. PMC 2265455. PMID 18187662.
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