mir-124 microRNA precursor family

The miR-124 microRNA precursor is a small non-coding RNA molecule that has been identified in flies (MI0000373),[1] nematode worms (MI0000302),[2] mouse (MI0000150) and human (MI0000443).[3] The mature ~21 nucleotide microRNAs are processed from hairpin precursor sequences by the Dicer enzyme, and in this case originates from the 3' arm. miR-124 has been found to be the most abundant microRNA expressed in neuronal cells. Experiments to alter expression of miR-124 in neural cells did not appear to affect differentiation.[4] However these results are controversial since other reports have described a role for miR-124 during neuronal differentiation.[5][6]

miR-124 microRNA precursor family
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of mir-124
Identifiers
Symbolmir-124
RfamRF00239
miRBaseMI0000443
miRBase familyMIPF0000021
Other data
RNA typeGene; miRNA
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GOGO:0035195 GO:0035068
SOSO:0001244
PDB structuresPDBe

Targets of miR-124
  • Visvanathan et al. showed that miR-124 targets the mRNA of the anti-neural function protein SCP1 (small C-terminal domain phosphatase 1).[7]
  • Makeyev et al. showed that miR-124 directly targets PTBP1 (PTB/hnRNP I) mRNA, which encodes a global repressor of alternative pre-mRNA splicing in non-neuronal cells.[8]
  • Arrant et al. wrote that miR-124 changes glutamate receptor composition in the prefrontal cortex and can decrease social dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia.[9]

Clinical medicine

Presence of the G allele, compared to the C allele, in SNP rs531564 in pri-miR-124-1, measured by PCR-RFLP in leukocyte DNA, is linked to a reduced risk of gastric cancer (e.g. GG v CC OR 0.34 95% CI 0.19-0.59, p<0.001).[10]

References
  1. Lai EC, Tomancak P, Williams RW, Rubin GM (2003). "Computational identification of Drosophila microRNA genes". Genome Biology. 4 (7): R42. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-7-r42. PMC 193629. PMID 12844358.
  2. Lim LP, Lau NC, Weinstein EG, Abdelhakim A, Yekta S, Rhoades MW, et al. (April 2003). "The microRNAs of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genes & Development. 17 (8): 991–1008. doi:10.1101/gad.1074403. PMC 196042. PMID 12672692.
  3. Lagos-Quintana M, Rauhut R, Yalcin A, Meyer J, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (April 2002). "Identification of tissue-specific microRNAs from mouse". Current Biology. 12 (9): 735–739. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00809-6. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-94EF-7. PMID 12007417. S2CID 7901788.
  4. Cao X, Pfaff SL, Gage FH (March 2007). "A functional study of miR-124 in the developing neural tube". Genes & Development. 21 (5): 531–536. doi:10.1101/gad.1519207. PMC 1820895. PMID 17344415.
  5. Yoo AS, Staahl BT, Chen L, Crabtree GR (July 2009). "MicroRNA-mediated switching of chromatin-remodelling complexes in neural development". Nature. 460 (7255): 642–646. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..642Y. doi:10.1038/nature08139. PMC 2921580. PMID 19561591.
  6. Neo WH, Yap K, Lee SH, Looi LS, Khandelia P, Neo SX, et al. (July 2014). "MicroRNA miR-124 controls the choice between neuronal and astrocyte differentiation by fine-tuning Ezh2 expression". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 (30): 20788–20801. doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.525493. PMC 4110287. PMID 24878960.
  7. Visvanathan J, Lee S, Lee B, Lee JW, Lee SK (April 2007). "The microRNA miR-124 antagonizes the anti-neural REST/SCP1 pathway during embryonic CNS development". Genes & Development. 21 (7): 744–749. doi:10.1101/gad.1519107. PMC 1838526. PMID 17403776.
  8. Makeyev EV, Zhang J, Carrasco MA, Maniatis T (August 2007). "The MicroRNA miR-124 promotes neuronal differentiation by triggering brain-specific alternative pre-mRNA splicing". Molecular Cell. 27 (3): 435–448. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.07.015. PMC 3139456. PMID 17679093.
  9. Arrant AE, Roberson ED (December 2014). "MicroRNA-124 modulates social behavior in frontotemporal dementia". Nature Medicine. 20 (12): 1381–1383. doi:10.1038/nm.3768. PMID 25473917. S2CID 1028320.
  10. Mirnoori SM, Shahangian SS, Salehi Z, Mashayekhi F, Talesh Sasani S, Saedi HS (October 2018). "Influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in pri-miR-124-1 and STAT3 genes on gastric cancer susceptibility". British Journal of Biomedical Science. 75 (4): 182–186. doi:10.1080/09674845.2018.1492206. PMID 29938592. S2CID 49410250.
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