List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names

This list of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names is intended to help those unfamiliar with classical languages to understand and remember the scientific names of organisms. The binomial nomenclature used for animals and plants is largely derived from Latin and Greek words, as are some of the names used for higher taxa, such as orders and above. At the time when biologist Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) published the books that are now accepted as the starting point of binomial nomenclature, Latin was used in Western Europe as the common language of science, and scientific names were in Latin or Greek: Linnaeus continued this practice.

A sign for Crassula rupestris at the University of Helsinki Botanical Garden. The roots for the binomial name are crassus (thick, fat) and rupestris (living on cliffs or rocks)

While learning Latin is now less common, it is still used by classical scholars, and for certain purposes in botany, medicine and the Roman Catholic Church, and it can still be found in scientific names. It is helpful to be able to understand the source of scientific names. Although the Latin names do not always correspond to the current English common names, they are often related, and if their meanings are understood, they are easier to recall. The binomial name often reflects limited knowledge or hearsay about a species at the time it was named. For instance Pan troglodytes, the chimpanzee, and Troglodytes troglodytes, the wren, are not necessarily cave-dwellers.

Sometimes a genus name or specific descriptor is simply the Latin or Greek name for the animal (e.g. Canis is Latin for dog). These words may not be included in the table below if they only occur for one or two taxa. Instead, the words listed below are the common adjectives and other modifiers that repeatedly occur in the scientific names of many organisms (in more than one genus).

Adjectives vary according to gender, and in most cases only the lemma form (nominative singular masculine form) is listed here. 1st-and-2nd-declension adjectives end in -us (masculine), -a (feminine) and -um (neuter), whereas 3rd-declension adjectives ending in -is (masculine and feminine) change to -e (neuter). For example, verus is listed without the variants for Aloe vera or Galium verum.

The second part of a binomial is often a person's name in the genitive case, ending -i (masculine) or -ae (feminine), such as Kaempfer's tody-tyrant, Hemitriccus kaempferi. The name may be converted into a Latinised form first, giving -ii and -iae instead.

Words that are very similar to their English forms have been omitted.

Some of the Greek transliterations given are Ancient Greek, and others are Modern Greek.

In the tables, L = Latin, G = Greek, and LG = similar in both languages.

A

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
acanthus etc.G ἄκανθος (ákanthos)thorny, spinyAcanthus plant; Parorchis acanthus, a flatworm
Munida acantha, a squat lobster; prickly ceratina, Ceratina acantha
spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; Reinhardt's snake-eater, Polemon acanthias
cotton thistle, Onopordum acanthium
acanthusacanthiasacanthaacanthium
acaulis G, L stemless silver thistle, Carlina acaulis;

dwarf date palm, Phoenix acaulis

acaulisacaule
actin-, actino- G ἀκτίς (aktis) ray, radial Schefflera actinophylla, Actinopterygii actinactino
acutusLsharpened, pointedAmerican crocodile, Crocodylus acutus;

angled sunbeam (butterfly), Curetis acuta; northern pintail, Anas acuta

acutusacutaacutum
aculeatusLpricklyshort-beaked echidna, Tachyglossus aculeatus;

three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus; butcher's-broom, Ruscus aculeatus

aculeatusaculeataaculeatum
acuminatusLsharp, pointed, taperingJamaican gooseberry tree, Phyllanthus acuminatus; Panaeolus acuminatus, a mushroom
cucumbertree, Magnolia acuminata; Musa acuminata, a banana tree
acuminate barrenwort, Epimedium acuminatum; desert quandong, Santalum acuminatum
acuminatusacuminataacuminatum
adustus L singed, burnt side-striped jackal, Canis adustus;
dark onyx cowry, Erronea adusta
adustusadustaadustum
aequalisLequalcommon Atlantic grenadier, Nezumia aequalis; clay-coloured billbug, Sphenophorus aequalis
Trogoxylon aequale, a beetle; Omophron aequale, a ground beetle
aequalisaequale
aestivusLsummersummer asphodel, Asphodelus aestivus; rough green snake, Opheodrys aestivus
turquoise-fronted amazon, Amazona aestiva; summer spider orchid, Caladenia aestiva
Loddon lily, Leucojum aestivum; common wheat, Triticum aestivum
aestivusaestivaaestivum
affinisLneighbouring, similar, kindredlesser scaup, Aythya affinis; dugite, Pseudonaja affinis
blue tongue, Melastoma affine; Persian violet, Exacum affine
affinisaffine
africanus L African reed cormorant, Microcarbo africanus;
southern African frilled shark, Chlamydoselachus africana;

African clubhook-squid, Notonykia africanae;
pyjama shark, Poroderma africanum;
lemon basil, Ocimum × africanum

africanusafricana, africanaeafricanum
agrestisLof the field, wildfield vole, Microtus agrestis;

green field-speedwell, Veronica agrestis

agrestisagreste
alatusL ālawingedpitcher plant, Nepenthes alata;

sharpwing monkeyflower, Mimulus alatus; winged elm, Ulmus alata; winged everlasting, Ammobium alatum; winged loosestrife, Lythrum alatum; winged seahorse, Hippocampus alatus; winged-stem passion flower, Passiflora alata

alatusalataalatum
albicepsLwhite-headedblow fly, Chrysomya albiceps;

moth, Syngamia albiceps; wood groundling, Parachronistis albiceps;

Mexican golden red rump tarantula, Brachypelma albiceps

albiceps
albidensLwhite-toothedwhite-toothed brush mouse, Coccymys albidens;
see also leucodon
albidens
albopictusLpainted whiteAsian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus;
Moneilema albopictum
albopictusalbopictaalbopictum
albusLwhitewhite ibis, Eudocimus albus;
white oak, Quercus alba;
mistletoe, Viscum album
albusalbaalbum
alpinusLalpine; of the Alpsalpine aster, Aster alpinus;
alpine bearberry, Arctostaphylos alpina;
alpine feverfew, Parthenium alpinum
alpinusalpinaalpinum
amabilisLlovablelovable lily, Lilium amabile;
lovely cotinga, Cotinga amabilis;
lovely fairywren, Malurus amabilis;
lovely fir, Abies amabilis
amabilisamabile
ambiguusLuncertainbeautiful woolly sunflower, Eriophyllum ambiguum;
doubtful cone, Conus ambiguus;
questionable Stropharia, Stropharia ambigua;
tick bush, Kunzea ambigua
ambiguusambiguaambiguum
amblysG ἀμβλύς (amblús)blunt, dullmarine iguana, Amblyrhynchus cristatusamblysAll pages with titles beginning with Ambly
americanusLAmericanAmerican black bear, Ursus americanus;
American hazel nut, Corylus americana;
American mastodon, Mammut americanum
americanusamericanaamericanum
amphi-G ἀμφί (amphí)of all kinds, on all sidesamphibian; AmphipodaAll pages with titles beginning with Amphi
ampullaLbottle, flasknorthern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatusampullatusampullataampullatumAll pages with titles beginning with Ampulla
amurensisLfrom the Amur RiverAmur grape, Vitis amurensisamurensisamurense
anglicusLfrom EnglandCommon cordgrass, Sporobolus anglicus; Bibio anglicus, a fly; English sundew, Drosera anglica; English whitebeam, Sorbus anglica; English stonecrop, Sedum anglicumanglicusanglicaanglicum
angolensisLfrom AngolaAfrican teak, Pterocarpus angolensisangolensisangolense
angustiflorusLnarrow-floweredEastwood's bellflower, Campanula angustiflora;

narrowflower lupine, Lupinus angustiflorus

angustiflorusangustifloraangustiflorum
angustifoliusLnarrow-leavednarrowleaf cottongrass, Eriophorum angustifolium;

narrowleaf cottonwood, Populus angustifolia; narrowleaf sunflower, Helianthus angustifolius

angustifoliusangustifoliaangustifolium
angustusLnarrownarrow-banded widow, Dingana angusta;
narrowleaf pansy monkeyflower, Mimulus angustatus;
slimleaf bean, Phaseolus angustissimus;
Prairie acacia, Acaciella angustissima;

sea snail, Vexillum angustissimum

angustusangustaangustumangustatusangustissimusangustissimaangustissimum
antarcticusLof the southern hemispherechinstrap penguin, Pygoscelis antarcticus;

gummy shark, Mustelus antarcticus;
brown skua, Stercorarius antarcticus

antarcticusantarcticaantarcticum
anthosG ἄνθος (ánthos)floweranthozoans, Anthozoa;

golden wattle, Acacia pycnantha;

All pages with titles beginning with Antho
anthropo-G ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos)man, human beingParanthropusAll pages with titles beginning with Anthropo
apisLbeewestern honey bee, Apis mellifera;

white sage, Salvia apiana

apianusapianaapianumAll pages with titles beginning with Api
aquaticusLfound near watereastern mole, Scalopus aquaticus;
wild rice, Zizania aquatica;

water spinach, Ipomoea aquatica;
parrot's-feather, Myriophyllum aquaticum,

aquaticusaquaticaaquaticum
arborescensLtree-like or shrub-likeArtemisia arborescens;

Aloe arborescens; Hydrangea arborescens

arborescens
archaeo-G ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos)ancientArchaeopteryxAll pages with titles beginning with ArchaeoAll pages with titles beginning with Archeo
arch-, archi-, archo-, -archus G ἀρχός (arkhos) ruler, leader, prince, highest, greatest Archidendron grandiflorum archiarcho

archoarchus

arctosG ἄρκτος (árktos)beargrizzly bear, Ursus arctos horribilis;

common bearberry, Arctostaphylos

arctosAll pages with titles beginning with Arcto
arenaLsandsand iris, Iris arenaria;
sand rock-cress, Arabidopsis arenosa;
sand seatrout, Cynoscion arenarius;
sand-dusted cone, Conus arenatus
arenariusarenariaarenariumarenatusarenataarenosa
arenicolusLsand-dwellingdunes sagebrush lizard, Sceloporus arenicolus;
sand goldenrod, Solidago arenicola;
sanddwelling dewberry, Rubus arenicola;
sandy stargazer, Gillellus arenicola
arenicolusarenicola
argentatusLsilveryEuropean herring gull, Larus argentatusargentatusargentataargentatum
argenteusLsilverysilver buffaloberry, Shepherdia argentea;
silver tree, Leucadendron argenteum;

silvery lupine, Lupinus argenteus; white mulberry, Pipturus argenteus

argenteusargenteaargenteum
argentumLsilversea snail, Calliostoma argentumargentum
argillicolaLliving on clayclay Fiddler Crab, Minuca argillicola; Hullsia argillicolaargillicola
aromaticaG ἄρωμα (árōma)aromaticclove nutmeg, Ravensara aromatica;
Croton aromaticus;
clove, Syzygium aromaticum
aromaticusaromaticaaromaticum
arthro-G ἄρθρον (árthron)jointArthropodaAll pages with titles beginning with Arthro
arvensisLin the fieldskylark, Alauda arvensis;
field horsetail, Equisetum arvense
arvensisarvense
asiaticaLAsianwhite-winged dove, Zenaida asiatica;
Caspian plover, Charadrius asiaticus, Persian buttercup, Ranunculus asiaticus
asiaticaasiaticus
astro-, astero-G ἄστρον (ástron)starstarfish (class), AsteroideaAll pages with titles beginning with AsteroAll pages with titles beginning with Astro
aterLdull blackcommon chuckwalla, Sauromalus ater;
Eurasian coot, Fulica atra;
black swan, Cygnus atratus;
black yarrow, Achillea atrata;
creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus
see also niger
ateratraatrumatratusatrataatratum
atropurpureusLdeep purple, blackish-purpleAcer palmatum 'Atropurpureum'; Berberis thunbergii f. atropurpurea;
purple-flowered cotoneaster, Cotoneaster atropurpureus
atropurpureusatropurpureaatropurpureum
aurantius, aurantiacusLorange-coloredbitter orange, Citrus aurantiumaurantiusaurantiaaurantium; aurantiacusaurantiacaaurantiacum
aureusLgoldengolden jackal, Canis aureus;
Staphylococcus aureus (bacteria)
see also chrysos
aureusaureaaureum
auritusLhaving (large) earsbrown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus; double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus; long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritus
moon jellyfish, Aurelia aurita
yerba santa, Piper auritum; blue eared pheasant, Crossoptilon auritum
auritusauritaauritum
australisLsouthernsouthern right whale, Eubalaena australisaustralisaustrale

B

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
baccatusLberry-bearingcommon yew, Taxus baccata; Conus baccatus, a sea snailbaccatusbaccatabaccatum
barbatusL barbabeardedbearded catasetum, Catasetum barbatum; bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus; black-chinned siskin, Spinus barbata; Bornean bearded pig, Sus barbatus; golden-beard penstemon, Penstemon barbatusbarbatusbarbatabarbatum
bicolorLtwo-coloredbicolor angelfish, Centropyge bicolor; bicolor cleanerfish, Labroides bicolor; bicolored moth, Manulea bicolorbicolor
bicoloratusLtwo-coloredbicolored angle, Macaria bicolorata; Kenya two-headed snake, Micrelaps bicoloratus; orchid, Bulbophyllum bicoloratumbicoloratusbicoloratabicoloratum
bicornisLtwo-hornedblack rhinoceros, Diceros bicornisbicornis
biosG βίος (bíos)lifeamphibian; biota, all living thingsbios
blandusLpleasant, smooth, alluringGreek windflower, Anemone blanda; Mallos blandus, a spiderblandusblandablandum
borealisLnorthernnorthern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis
northern bedstraw, Galium boreale
borealisboreale
brachionG βραχίων (brakhíōn)armPrzewalski's gerbil, Brachiones przewalskii; Brachiopoda (phylum); BrachiosaurusAll pages with titles beginning with Brachio
brasiliensisLBrazilianBrazilian brown bat Eptesicus brasiliensisAll pages with titles containing Brasiliensis
brachy-G βραχύς (brakhús)shortBrazilian gold frog, Brachycephalus didactylusAll pages with titles beginning with Brachy
brachyphyllusGshort-leavedextinct plant genus, Brachyphyllum;
flower, Colchicum brachyphyllum;
leaf-nosed bats, Brachyphylla;
shortleaf baccharis, Baccharis brachyphylla;
see also brevifolius
brachyphyllusbrachyphyllabrachyphyllum
brady-G βραδύς (bradús)slowpygmy three-toed sloth, Bradypus pygmaeusAll pages with titles beginning with Brady
branchiaG βράγχιον (bránkhion)gillsLamellibranchia (class, syn. Bivalva); Branchiopoda (class, brine shrimps)All pages with titles beginning with Branchi
brasiliensisLfrom BrazilBrazilian marsh rat, Holochilus brasiliensis; Brazilian stick mantis, Brunneria brasiliensis; rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensisbrasiliensisbrasiliense
brevi-L brevisshortsilvery-cheeked hornbill, Ceratogymna brevisbrevisbreveAll pages with titles beginning with Brevi
brevicaudatusLshort-tailedbearded leaf chameleon, Rieppeleon brevicaudatus; sea snail, Lophiotoma brevicaudata; short-tailed ceratosoma, Ceratosoma brevicaudatumbrevicaudatusbrevicaudatabrevicaudatum
brevicollisLshort-neckedshort-necked oil beetle, Meloe brevicollisbrevicollisbrevicolle
brevifoliusLshort-leavedJoshua tree, Yucca brevifolia;
short-leaved dudleya, Dudleya blochmaniae subsp. brevifolia;
shortleaf sneezeweed, Helenium brevifolium;
zig-zag bog-rush, Schoenus brevifolius;
see also brachyphyllus
brevifoliusbrevifoliabrevifolium
brevirostrisLshort beakpignosed arrowtooth eel, Dysomma brevirostre;
shortnose ponyfish, Leiognathus brevirostris
brevirostrisbrevirostre
britannicusLfrom Great BritainRumex britannica, a knotweed; British yellowhead, Inula britannica; Cortinarius britannicus, a mushroom; Geastrum britannicum, an earthstar fungusbritannicusbritannicabritannicum
bulbusG βολβόςbulbbulbous buttercup, Ranunculus bulbosus;
onion cone, Conus bulbus
bulbusbulbosusbulbosa

C

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
caecusLblindblind mole, Talpa caeca; northern eyed hawkmoth, Smerinthus caecuscaecuscaecacaecum
caeruleusLblueEurasian blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus; blue passion flower, Passiflora caeruleacaeruleuscaeruleacaeruleum
californicusLCaliforniaCalifornia blue dorid, Felimare californiensiscalifornicuscalifornicacaliforniensis
callosusLcallousedlarge vesper mouse, Calomys callosus; tree fern, Cyathea callosa; orchid, Paphiopedilum callosumcallosuscallosacallosum
calvusLbaldAltolamprologus calvus, Isbrueckerichthys calvus, both fish
Banasa calva, a stink bug; Trichocorixa calva, a water boatman
Intrasporangium calvum, a bacterium; Bulbophyllum calvum, an orchid
calvus- calvacalvum
cambricusL, from Cambriafrom Waleswild cotoneaster, Cotoneaster cambricus; Alalcomenaeus cambricus, fossil arthropod
Welsh wave, Venusia cambrica; Welsh eyebright, Euphrasia cambrica
Welsh poppy, Papaver cambricum; limestone polypody, Polypodium cambricum
Welsh groundsel, Senecio cambrensis; Flexicalymene cambrensis, a fossil trilobite
cambricuscambricacambricumcambrensis
canadensisLfrom Canadabighorn sheep, Ovis canadensiscanadensiscanadense
candidusLbrightly white, shining whiteMadonna lily, Lilium candidumcandiduscandidacandidum
canescensLturning grey- or white-hairedGeraea canescens (desert sunflower); Atriplex canescenscanescens
canisLdogcoyote, Canis latrans; Dipylidium caninum (a tapeworm)caniscaninuscaninacaninum
canorusL canōrusmelodiouscommon cuckoo, Cuculus canorus; Chinese hwamei, Garrulax canorus
Cuban grassquit, Phonipara canora; Campylocheta canora, a tachinid fly
canoruscanoracanorum
canusLgray (haired), pale graygrey-headed woodpecker, Picus canus; woolly groundsel, Senecio canuscanuscanacanum
capraeLof a goatStaphylococcus capraecapraecapri
castaneusLchestnut(-colored)chestnut bolete, Gyroporus castaneus; reddish carpenter ant, Camponotus castaneus
chestnut, Castanea; chestnut short-tailed bat, Carollia castanea
chestnut leek orchid, Prasophyllum castaneum; red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
castaneuscastaneacastaneum
caudaLtaillong-tailed tit, Aegithalos caudatus; thintail skate, Dipturus leptocaudus; northern short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda
caulosG καυλός (kaulós)stem, stalkstemless gentian, Gentiana acaulisacaulisacaule
cephalo-G κεφαλή (kephalḗ)headMediterranean gull, Larus melanocephalus; blue-spotted grouper, Cephalopholis argusAll pages with titles beginning with Cephal
-cepsL caputheadpygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps; biceps (two-headed muscle)
cerosL cornū G κέρας (kéras)hornnarwal, Monodon monoceros; rhinoceros (nose horn)
cestL cestus G κεστός (kestós)girdle, belt, stitchedCestodaAll pages with titles beginning with Cest
chaetesG χαίτη (khaítē)flowing hair, or manewildebeest, Connochaetes gnou
chilensisLfrom Chileparadise tanager, Tangara chilensischilensischilense
chinensisLfrom ChinaChina rose, Rosa chinensis;
Chinese onion, Allium chinense;
Chinese sumac, Rhus chinensis;
see also Sinense, below
chinensischinense
chloro-G χλωρός (khlōrós)pale greencommon moorhen, Gallinula chloropusAll pages with titles beginning with Chloro
chordatusLspinedchordates; Stylephorus chordatus, Tinospora cordifoliachordatuschordatachordatum
chromaG χρῶμα (khrôma)colorclown loach, Chromobotia macracanthusAll pages with titles beginning with Chrom
chrysosG χρυσός (khrusós)goldChrysochloridae (golden moles);
golden pheasant, Chrysolophus pictus;
maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus
see also aureus
All pages with titles beginning with Chryso
chrysophyllusGgold-leavedgolden chinquapin, Chrysolepis chrysophylla;
golden-leaved Jerusalem sage, Phlomis chrysophylla;
satinleaf, Chrysophyllum oliviforme
chrysophylluschrysophyllachrysophyllum
ciliumLeyelashAshland thistle, Cirsium ciliolatum;
bristleworm, Polydora ciliata;
eyelash gecko, Correlophus ciliatus;
queen angelfish, Holacanthus ciliaris;
Australian red cedar, Toona ciliata;
sickle-leaved cymodocea, Thalassodendron ciliatum
ciliarisciliareciliatusciliataciliatumciliolatum
cinereusLash, ash-coloredmasked shrew, Sorex cinereus;
Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea;
gray thrasher, Toxostoma cinereum;
common gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus
cinereuscinereacinereum
cirrhusG κιρρός (kirrhós)orangefringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus;
mrigal carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus;
silverspotted sculpin, Blepsias cirrhosus
cirrhosuscirrhosacirrhosum
citriLcitrusthe citrus blossom moth, Prays citricitri
colchicusLfrom Colchis (Greek Κολχῐ́ς, Kolchís) or Georgiacommon pheasant, Phasianus colchicus; Phoxinus colchicus, a minnow
Caucasian bladdernut, Staphylea colchica; Colchic holly, Ilex colchica
Colchic nase, Chondrostoma colchicum; Cyclamen colchicum, a primrose
colchicuscolchicacolchicum
cnemeG κνήμη (knḗmē)shin, legwhite-legged damselfly, Platycnemis pennipes
-colaL -colainhabitantEurasian woodcock, Scolopax rusticola; paddyfield warbler, Acrocephalus agricola
The forms -colus and -colum are also found, although they are not considered to be correct Latin: deepwater grenadier, Coryphaenoides profundicolus; black-sided flowerpecker, Dicaeum monticolum.[1]
clathratusLgrated, latticedkelp bass, Paralabrax clathratus; clathrate nassa, Nassarius clathratus
slender-armed starfish, Luidia clathrata; latticed sandperch, Parapercis clathrata
Allium clathratum, an onion; Vexillum clathratum, a sea snail
clathratusclathrataclathratum
collarisLcollaredring-necked duck, Aythya collaris; collared pika, Ochotona collaris
collared carpetshark, Parascyllium collare; mottled sand grasshopper, Spharagemon collare
collariscollare
compressusL compressusslender, pressed togetherslender oatgrass, Danthonia compressa; slender crayfish, Faxonius compressus
emerald cockroach wasp, Ampulex compressa; empire gudgeon, Hypseleotris compressa
Dendrobium compressum, an orchid
compressuscompressacompressum
concolorLhaving uniform color throughoutcougar, Puma concolor; white fir, Abies concolor
conno-G κόννος (kónnos)beardwildebeest, Connochaetes gnouAll pages with titles beginning with Conno
coraxL corvus G κόραξ (kórax)crow, ravencommon raven, Corvus coraxcorax
cordatusLheart-shapedcordate (leaf shape);
small-leaved lime, Tilia cordata;
sea potato, Echinocardium cordatum
cordatuscordatacordatum
cordifoliusLheart-shaped leavesheartleaf aster, Symphyotrichum cordifolium;
heart-leaved moonseed, Tinospora cordifolia;
Tucson bur ragweed, Ambrosia cordifolia
cordifoliuscordifoliacordifolium
coriaceusL, from corium ("leather")leatheryPajahuello tick, Ornithodoros coriaceus; beach bird's eye, Alectryon coriaceus
blue china vine, Holboellia coriacea; leatherback sea turtle, Dermochelys coriacea
green tea-tree, Leptospermum coriaceum; inland rock orchid, Dendrobium coriaceum
coriaceuscoriaceacoriaceum
cornuL cornūhorngarden snail, Cornu aspersum;
great ramshorn, Planorbarius corneus
All pages with titles beginning with Cornu
coronatusLcrownedcrowned lemur, Eulemur coronatus;
crowned turban shell, Lunella coronata
coronatuscoronatacoronatum
costatusLribbedribbed slipper shell, Maoricrypta costata; striped Raphael catfish, Platydoras costatuscostatuscostatacostatum
crassus, crassi-Lthick, fatcreeping blueberry, Vaccinium crassifolium;
inflated spiny crab, Rochinia crassa;
mouthless crab, Cardisoma crassum
crassuscrassacrassum
cristatusLcrestedaardwolf, Proteles cristatus;
blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata;
crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum
cristatuscristatacristatum
crocosG κρόκος (krókos)yellowbicoloured white-toothed shrew, Crocidura leucodon;
saffron, Crocus sativus;
spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta
All pages with titles beginning with croc
cryo-G κρύος (krúos)coldCryogenicsAll pages with titles beginning with Cryo
crypto-G κρυπτός (kruptós)hiddenCryptococcus; CryptosporidiumAll pages with titles beginning with Crypto
culminicola L summit dweller Elaeocarpus culminicola; Euxoa culminicola; Pinus culminicola, Potosi pinyon All pages with titles containing culminicola
cursorLrunner, racercream-colored courser, Cursorius cursor; cursorial akodont, Akodon cursor; Lacépède's ground snake, Erythrolamprus cursorcursor
curvirostrisLcurved beakboxer snipe eel, Nemichthys curvirostris;
curve-billed thrasher, Toxostoma curvirostre
curvirostriscurvirostre
cyano-G κυανός (kuanós)blue-greenazure-winged magpie, Cyanopica cyanus;
big blue octopus, Octopus cyanea;
blue orchid, Aganisia cyanea
All pages with titles beginning with Cyanocyaneuscyaneacyaneum

D

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
dactyl-, dactylo-G δάκτυλος (dáktulos)finger or toeblack-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla; PterodactylusAll pages with titles beginning with Dactyl
deca-, deka-G δέκα (déka)tenalfonsino, Beryx decadactylusAll pages with titles beginning with Deca
decemLtenColorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
delphisG δελφύς (delphús)wombvirginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana
dendr-, dendri-, dendro-, -dendron, -dendrum G δένδρον (déndron) tree Philodendron, Dendrobium, Rhododendron dendrodendrondendrum
dermaG δέρμα (dérma)skinyellow staining mushroom, Agaricus xanthodermusAll pages with titles beginning with Derm
di-G δι- (di-)twoChristmas orchid, Dipodium punctatumToo common a letter combination for any useful search
diffususL diffunderediffusediffuse spineflower, Chorizanthe diffusa;
fly, Paralimnophila diffusior;
rush, Juncus diffusissimus;
spreading groundsmoke, Gayophytum diffusum;
spreading lupine, Lupinus diffusus;
spreading phlox, Phlox diffusa
diffususdiffusadiffusumdiffusiordiffusissimus
digitatusLhaving fingersfinger rush Juncus digitatus;
baobab, Adansonia digitata;
dead man's fingers, Alcyonium digitatum
digitatusdigitatadigitatum
dilatatusLdilated, extendeddallisgrass, Paspalum dilatatum;
Maianthemum dilatatum
dilatatusdilatatadilatatum
dioicaLdioicouscommon nettle, Urtica dioicadioica
dino-, deino-G δεινός (deinós)terrifyingdinosaur, DeinotheriumAll pages with titles beginning with Dino
diplo-G διπλός (diplós)doubletwo-eyed orange spider, Diploglena capensisAll pages with titles beginning with Diplo
disc, diskG δίσκος (dískos)disccommon fungus moth, Metalectra discalisAll pages with titles beginning with Discdiscalisdiscale
dodeca-G δώδεκα (dṓdeka)twelveHenderson's shootingstar, Dodecatheon hendersoniiAll pages with titles beginning with Dodeca
dolicho-G δολιχός (dolikhós)elongated, longknight anole, Anolis dolichocephalusAll pages with titles beginning with Dolicho
domesticusLof the house or domesticdomestic pig, Sus scrofa domestica;
house sparrow, Passer domesticus
domesticusdomesticadomesticum
dorsumLbackback-striped weasel, Mustela strigidorsaAll pages with titles beginning with Dors
dubiusLdoubtfullittle ringed plover, Charadrius dubius

see also nomina dubia

dubiusdubia
dulcisLsweetalmond, Prunus dulcisdulcisdulce
dumetorumL, from dumus, "bramble""of the thickets"Blyth's reed warbler, Acrocephalus dumetorum; bitter yam, Dioscorea dumetorum; coastal green hairstreak, Callophrys dumetorumdumetorum
dumicola L scrub dweller Acaena dumicola; Cerbera dumicola; Stegodyphus dumicola, African social spider All pages with titles containing dumicola

E

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
eburneusL eburneusivory-coloredivory gull, Pagophila eburneaeburneuseburneaeburneum
echinatusLprickly, spinyEdisto crayfish, Procambarus echinatus; shortleaf pine, Pinus echinataechinatusechinataechinatum
echino-L echīnus G ἐχῖνος (ekhînos)hedgehog, sea-urchingreat globe thistle, Echinops sphaerocephalus; diadema urchin, Echinothrix diadema; San Pedro cactus, Echinopsis pachanoiAll pages with titles beginning with Echino
edulisLediblecommon cockle, Cerastoderma edule; king bolete, Boletus edulis; oyster, Ostrea edulis; passion fruit, Passiflora edulisedulisedule
elatiorLtallertrue oxlip, Primula elatiorelatior
electro-G ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron)amber, amber-colored or

electric (modern usage)

broad-billed motmot, Electron platyrhynchum;
electric eel, Electrophorus electricus
No simple way to distinguish biological from other uses
elegansLelegantcrimson rosella, Platycercus elegans ;
Granastyochus elegantissimus;
Iris iberica subsp. elegantissima; false aralia, Plerandra elegantissima;
Caecum elegantissimum
eleganselegantissimuselegantissimaelegantissimum
emarginatusLhaving no edgesPhongolo suckermouth, Chiloglanis emarginatus;
Gibraltar sea lavender, Limonium emarginatum;
acerola, Malpighia emarginata; bitter cherry, Prunus emarginata
emarginatusemarginataemarginatum
enanti-G ἐναντίος (enantíos)opposite, againstEnantiornithesAll pages with titles beginning with Enantio
ennea-G ἐννέα (ennéa)ninebanded sunfish Enneacanthus obesus; scurvy-grass sorrel, Oxalis enneaphyllaAll pages with titles beginning with Ennea
ensatusLsword-likeCalifornia giant salamander, Dicamptodon ensatusensatusensataensatum
ensis, ensi-Lsword, lancejackknife clam, Ensis minor; swordleaf rush, Juncus ensifoliusAll pages with titles beginning with Ensiensiformis
-ensisLof, from (a place)Tadarida brasiliensis (Brazilian free-tailed bat); Lucy, Australopithecus afarensis
equesLknight, horsemanNorth Atlantic codling, Lepidion eques ; western horse lubber grasshopper, Taeniopoda eques; leafy seadragon, Phycodurus eques
Aspergillus equitis; Cygnus equitum; Hoheria equitum
eques
erectusLuprightHomo erectus ("upright man"); upright chickweed, Moenchia erectaerectuserectaerectum
erio-G ἔριον (érion)wool, woollycommon cottongrass, Eriophorum angustifoliumAll pages with titles beginning with Erio
erosusLindented, jagged, serratedjícama, Pachyrhizus erosus; serrated hinge-back tortoise, Kinixys erosaerosuserosaerosum
erythro-G ἐρυθρός (eruthrós)red[2]spotted redshank, Tringa erythropus; dog's-tooth violet, Erythronium dens-canisAll pages with titles beginning with Erythro
esculentusLedibleedible frog, Pelophylax kl. esculentus; Gyromitra esculentaesculentus esculenta esculentum
europaeusLEuropeanEuropean hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus; European owl moth, Brahmaea europaeaeuropaeuseuropaeaeuropaeum
excelsusLexaltedAfrican teak, Milicia excelsa; excelsior cone, Conus excelsusexcelsusexcelsaexcelsum

F

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
fallaxLfalsefalse swift, Borbo fallax; green marvel, Acronicta fallaxfallax
falxLsicklesickle milkvetch, Astragalus falcatus; sickle-leaved hare's-ear, Bupleurum falcatum; sicklethorn, Asparagus falcatus; wild pear, Persoonia falcatafalcatusfalcatafalcatumfalciformisfalx
familiarisLdomestic, common, familiardog, Canis lupus familiaris
felisLcatblack-footed cat, Felis nigripes; cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis
felinusLcat-like, felinecat gecko, Aeluroscalabotes felinus; marine otter, Lontra felinafelinusfelinafelinum
-ferL-bearingwestern honey bee, Apis mellifera; coconut, Cocos nucifera
feroxLferocious, wild, boldlong snouted lancetfish, Alepisaurus ferox; fossa, Cryptoprocta feroxferox
ferusLwildwild horse, Equus ferus; wild Bactrian camel, Camelus ferusferusferaferum
ferrugoLrustferruginous swift, Borbo ferruginea;
reddish-brown corky spine fungus, Hydnellum ferrugineum;
rusty bloodwood, Corymbia ferruginea;
rusty parrotfish, Scarus ferrugineus;
rusty pitohui, Pseudorectes ferrugineus
ferrugineusferrugineaferrugineum
fidelisLfaithfulfaithful sea slug, Goniobranchus fidelis; faithful leafcutting bee, Megachile fidelis; Pacific sideband, Monadenia fidelisfidelis
filumLthreaddesert fan palm, Washingtonia filifera; thread fern, Blechnum filiforme; thread-leaved sundew, Drosera filiformisfiliferfiliferafiliformisfiliforme
fimbriatusLfringed, fibrousCoomsaharn char, Salvelinus fimbriatus; crested gliding lizard, Draco fimbriatus
trumpet cup lichen, Cladonia fimbriata; fringed jumping spider, Portia fimbriata
fringed earthstar, Geastrum fimbriatum; gang-gang cockatoo, Callocephalon fimbriatum
fimbriatusfimbriatafimbriatum
flavusLgolden yellow, light yellowyellow pitcher plant, Sarracenia flava; yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollisflavusflavaflavum
floridusLfloweryblue palo verde, Parkinsonia florida; floral banded wobbegong, Orectolobus floridusfloridusfloridum
flor-L flosflowersouthern magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora; great white trillium, Trillium grandiflorumAll pages with titles beginning with flori
fodiensL foderediggingburying beetle, Nicrophorus defodiens; burying beetle, Nicrophorus infodiens; Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens; lowland burrowing tree frog, Smilisca fodiens
foliumLleafAmerican beech, Fagus grandifolia; broad-leaved sermountain, Laserpitium latifolium; Chinese elm, Ulmus parvifolia; Joshua tree, Yucca brevifolia; upright snottygobble, Persoonia longifolia
formosanusL fōrmōsānusfrom Taiwan (formerly called Formosa)Formosan black bear, Ursus thibetanus formosanus; Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus
Taiwan flower mantis, Acromantis formosana; Taiwanese sweet gum, Liquidambar formosana
red quinoa, Chenopodium formosanum; Taiwan saddled carpetshark, Cirrhoscyllium formosanum
formosanusformosanaformosanum
formosusL fōrmōsus(well-)formed, beautifulbeautiful bronzeback tree snake, Dendrelaphis formosus; Asian arowana, Scleropages formosus
Baikal teal, Sibirionetta formosa; least killifish, Heterandria formosa
giant maidenhair, Adiantum formosum; beautiful giant-flowered dendrobium, Dendrobium formosum
formosusformosaformosum
fragilisL frangerebreakablebrittle bladder-fern, Cystopteris fragilis; brittle willow, Salix × fragilis; candy cap, Lactarius fragilis; Dientamoeba fragilis; dead man's fingers, Codium fragile; fragile wart frog, Limnonectes fragilisfragilis
fuliginosusLsootyjet black ant, Lasius fuliginosus; ruby tiger, Phragmatobia fuliginosa; sooty hairstreak, Satyrium fuliginosum; sooty milkcap, Lactarius fuliginosusfuliginosusfuliginosafuliginosum
fulvusLdeep yellow, tawnyPacific golden plover, Pluvialis fulva; sulphur leather coral, Rhytisma fulvum; tawny grisette, Amanita fulva; yellow ground squirrel, Spermophilus fulvusfulvusfulvafulvum
furcatusLforkedforked viburnum, Viburnum furcatum; forked wormwood, Artemisia furcata; swallow-tailed gull, Creagrus furcatusfurcatusfurcatafurcatum
fuscusLdark, dark browndusky hopping mouse, Notomys fuscus; dusky pitcher-plant, Nepenthes fusca; rusty peat moss, Sphagnum fuscum; sooty tern, Sterna fuscatafuscusfuscafuscum

G

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
gala, galumG γάλα (gála)milksoap plants, Chlorogalum
garrulusLchattering, talkativeGarrulus, a genus of jays; Bohemian waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus
Eupithecia garrula, an inchworm moth; chestnut-winged chachalaca, Ortalis garrula
Chelostoma garrulum, a carder bee; Omicron garrulum, a potter wasp
garrulusgarrulagarrulum
gaster, gastro-, gastr-L gaster G γαστήρ (gastḗr)bellycommon fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster; Gastropoda
geo-G γαῖα, γῆ ()EarthConus geographus, geography cone; Geotrichum
giganteusLgiantgiganteus (a sea snail); Aldabra giant tortoise, Aldabrachelys giganteagiganteusgiganteagiganteum
gigasG γίγαςgiantHumboldt squid, Dosidicus gigas; snow morel, Gyromitra gigas; cœur de la mer, Entada gigasAll pages with titles containing gigas
glaberL glabersmooth; hairless[3]naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber; smooth sumac, Rhus glabra; Omphiscola glabra (a snail)glaberglabraglabrum
glacialisLfound in glaciersNorth Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis; glacier wormwood, Artemisia glacialis
glacier lantern fish, Benthosema glaciale; Endocellion glaciale, a daisy
glacialisglaciale
glandulosusLhaving kernelsTasmanian laurel, Anopterus glandulosus, Basilan Island caecilian, Ichthyophis glandulosus;
honey mesquite, Prosopis glandulosa, warty jumping-slug, Hemphillia glandulosa;
skunk currant, Ribes glandulosum,
glandulosusglandulosaglandulosum
glaucusL glaucus G γλαυκός (glaukós)blue-green, blue-gray, gleamingsilvery blue butterfly, Lepidochrysops glauca; Glaucidae, nudibranch familyglaucusglaucaglaucum
glutinosusL glutinosusstickycommon alder, Alnus glutinosa;
viscid black earth tongue, Glutinoglossum glutinosum;
northern slimy salamander, Plethodon glutinosus
glutinosusglutinosaglutinosum
glyco-, glycy-, glyc-G γλυκύς (glukús)sweetliquorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra; soybean, Glycine max
gracilis, gracileLslender, gracefulwestern spotted skunk, Spilogale gracilis; slough darter, Etheostoma gracile; Gracilisuchusgracilisgracile
gracilipesL grăcĭlĭpes[4]slender-footedslender frog, Austrochaperina gracilipes; slender-legged bushfrog, Gracixalus gracilipes; slenderstalk monkeyflower, Mimulus gracilipes; slimfoot century plant, Agave gracilipesgracilipes
graniticusLgranitegranite claw flower, Calothamnus graniticus;
granite poverty bush, Eremophila granitica;
granite serpentweed, Tonestus graniticus
graniticusgraniticagraniticum
graveolensL gravisstrong-smellingcommon rue, Ruta graveolens; lippia, Lippia graveolensgraveolens
gregariusL gregārius, from grex (“flock, herd”) sociablesociable lapwing, Vanellus gregarius; goldfish plant, Nematanthus gregarius; desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria; Leptospermum gregarium, an Australian myrtlegregariusgregariagregarium
griseusL (a Neo-Latin loanword from Germanic) greydesert monitor, Varanus griseus; bluntnose sixgill shark, Hexanchus griseus; parent bug, Elasmucha grisea; lichen mimic, Gonatista grisea
paperbark maple, Acer griseum; white-banded house jumping spider, Hypoblemum griseum
griseusgriseagriseum
groenlandicusLfrom Greenland (Old Norse Grœnland)harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus; spiny lobster, Lebbeus groenlandicus
Arctic woolly bear moth, Gynaephora groenlandica; elephanthead lousewort, Pedicularis groenlandica
bog Labrador tea, Rhododendron groenlandicum
groenlandicusgroenlandicagroenlandicum
gyrino-, gyrinusG γυρῖνος (gurînos)tadpolespring salamander, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus; e.g. Crassigyrinus, Proterogyrinus

H

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
haema-, hema-G αἷμα (haîma)bloodHaemosporida; Bacteria sp., Haemophilus influenzae
hali-, halio-G ἅλς (háls)of the sea, saltSteller's sea eagle, Haliaeetus pelagicus; grey seal, Halichoerus grypus; black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii
hamatusLhookedSlender-billed kite, Helicolestes hamatus ; Ruitersbos pincushion, Leucospermum hamatum; Dark Tiger (butterfly) Tirumala hamatahamatushamatumhamata
haplo-G ἁπλόος (haplóos)simple, singlemountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa; Mongolosaurus haplodon
hedra-G ἕδρα (hédra)seat, facetChinese ephedra, Ephedra sinica
helio-G ἥλιος (hḗlios)sunsunflower, Helianthus annuus; sun spurge, Euphorbia helioscopia
hemisphaericaGhalf-spheresand laurel oak, Quercus hemisphaerica, sulphur rose, Rosa hemisphaericaHemisphaerica
hetero-Gdiversely or differentmelancholy thistle, Cirsium heterophyllum, Leucanthemum heterophyllum, Smith's cress, Lepidium heterophyllumheterophyllum
hexa-G ἕξ (héx)sixwater primrose, Ludwigia hexapetala
hibernicusLfrom IrelandIrish whitebeam, Sorbus hibernica; Atlantic ivy, Hedera hibernica; Southern bristetail, Dilta hibernica; Irish hare, Lepus timidus hibernicus; Mycobacterium hiberniae; Pisidium hibernicumhiberniaehibernicushibernicumhibernica
hibridusLhybridbutterbur, Petasites hybridus, brown spider monkey, Ateles hybridus; kelp goose, Chloephaga hybrida; alsike clover, Trifolium hybridum;hibridushybridushibridahybridahibridumhybridum
hippo-G ἵππος (híppos)horseseahorse, Hippocampus; lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros
hirsutusLhairyhairy bittercress, Cardamine hirsuta;
hairy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus hirsutus;
hairy St John's-wort, Hypericum hirsutum
hirsutushirsutahirsutum
hispidusLrough, shaggy, bristly, pricklybanded coral shrimp, Stenopus hispidus; shaggy bracket, Inonotus hispidus
ringed seal, Pusa hispida; wax gourd, Benincasa hispida
bristly starbur, Acanthospermum hispidum; white butterfly triggerplant, Stylidium hispidum
hispidushispidahispidum
homoLhuman, manmodern human, Homo sapiens; Neanderthal, Homo neanderthalensis
hortensisL hortusfrom the gardenbroad-leaved anemone, Anemone hortensis;
garden orache, Atriplex hortensis;
Mexican longwing, Heliconius hortense;
Orphean warbler, Sylvia hortensis
hortensishortense
humilisLlow, small, humbleMediterranean dwarf palm, Chamaerops humilis; Talaud flying fox, Acerodon humilis
Argentine ant, Linepithema humile; Italian jasmine, Jasminum humile
humilishumile
hydro-G ὕδωρ, ὑδρο- (húdōr, hudro-)waterChinese water deer, Hydropotes inermis; capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
hyemalisL hiemswinterdark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis; winter aconite, Eranthis hyemalis
rough horsetail, Equisetum hyemale; putty root, Aplectrum hyemale
Mucor hiemalis and Hebeloma hiemale, both fungi
hyemalishyemalehiemalishiemale
hyper-G ὑπέρ (hupér)over, aboveSt John's wort, Hypericum perforatum
hyperboreusG ὑπέρ Βορέᾱ (hupér Boréā)from the Arctic region (Hyperborea)glaucous gull, Larus hyperboreus; tundra fleabane, Erigeron hyperboreus
tangle or cuvie, Laminaria hyperborea; estuary beggarsticks, Bidens hyperborea
boreal bur-reed, Sparganium hyperboreum; boreal haircap moss, Polytrichum hyperboreum
hyperboreushyperboreahyperboreum
hypo-, hyp-G ὑπό (hupó)under, beneathzebra pleco catfish, Hypancistrus zebra; common cat's-ear, Hypochaeris radicata

I–K

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
iliacusLhaving a distinctive flankredwing, Turdus iliacus; Etaxalus iliacus, a beetle
fox sparrow, Passerella iliaca; Rhytiphora iliaca, a beetle
iliacusiliaca
imbricatusLtiledMountain owl's-clover, Orthocarpus imbricatusimbricatusimbricataimbricatum
indicusLIndianMalaysian tapir, Tapirus indicusindicusindicaindicum
inaequalisLunequalvariable ladybird, Coelophora inaequalisinaequalisinaequale
inedulisLinediblefungus, Caloboletus inedulisinedulisinedule
inermisLunarmed, defencelesswater deer, Hydropotes inermis; henna tree, Lawsonia inermis
turkey-berry, Canthium inerme; white milkwood, Sideroxylon inerme
inermisinerme
ingratusLoffensiveSee Ingrataingrataingratusingratum
innotatusLunmarkedunmarked dagger moth, Acronicta innotatainnotata
irregularisLunusual or irregularvariable burrowing asp, Atractaspis irregularis; viper's bugloss, Hadena irregularisirregularisirregulare
japonicusLJapanesefood wrapper plant, Mallotus japonicus; Japanese pagoda tree, Styphnolobium japonicum; Japanese spiraea, Spiraea japonica; see also nipponensisjaponicusjaponicajaponicum
jubatusL iubātushaving a mane, crestedcheetah, Acinonyx jubatus; Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus
purple pampas grass, Cortaderia jubata; maned forest lizard, Bronchocela jubata
foxtail barley, Hordeum jubatum; Piptochaetium jubatum, a speargrass species
jubatusjubatajubatum
kentuckiensisLfrom KentuckyKentucky lady's slipper, Cypripedium kentuckiense; Kentucky lichen moth, Cisthene kentuckiensiskentuckiensiskentuckiense

L

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
lact-L lacmilk, sap, milky whiteChinese peony, Paeonia lactiflora; milk-caps, Lactifluus; Lactophrys; Aspalathus lactea
laetus L pleasant, bright Crombrugghia laetus, scarce light plume moth; Myoporum laetum, mousehole tree; Parhelophilus laetus laetuslaetum
laevisLsmoothred-eyed assassin bug, Platymeris laevicollis; smooth bedstraw, Cruciata laevipesAll pages with titles containing Laevis
lagusG λαγώς (lagṓs)hareEuropean rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus; viscachas, Lagidium spp.
lanceaLlancesculptured seamoth, Pegasus lancifer; swamp lousewort, Pedicularis lanceolata
lateralisLsideblack-flanked rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis
lapponicusLfrom Lapland/Sápmi (Neo-Latin Lapponia)Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus; Lapland mountain sorrel, Rumex lapponicus
bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica; pincushion plant, Diapensia lapponica
Lapland rosebay, Rhododendron lapponicum; Lapland poppy, Papaver lapponicum
lapponicuslapponicalapponicum
latusLflank; broadhorse-eye jack, Caranx latus; wideleaf waterparsnip, Sium latifolium; wych elm, Ulmus glabra 'Latifolia Aurea'
laxusLwide, yieldingAmerican globeflower, Trollius laxus; Cyperus laxus, a sedge
flowering grass, Freesia laxa; tufted forget-me-not, Myosotis laxa
Bredasdorp conebush, Leucadendron laxum; false lily turf, Chlorophytum laxum
laxuslaxalaxum
lepidusLpleasant, pleasing, charmingrock rattlesnake, Crotalus lepidus; ocellated lizard, Timon lepidus
desert woodrat, Neotoma lepida; embossed hawthorn buprestid, Dicerca lepida
greenthroat darter, Etheostoma lepidum; Leccinellum lepidum, a bolete
lepiduslepidalepidum
lepis, lepido-G λεπίς (lepís)scale, rind, husk, flakelarge-scale mullet, Liza macrolepis; Lepidoptera
lepto-, lepti-G λεπτός (leptós)lightLeptictidium auderiense, Leptospira kirschneri
lepusLhareblack-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus
leuco-, leuc-G λευκός (leukós)whitewhite-winged tern, Chlidonias leucopterus
leucocephalusGwhite-headedbald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus;
white-crowned pigeon, Patagioenas leucocephala;
white-headed marsh tyrant, Arundinicola leucocephala;
white-headed stilt, Himantopus leucocephalus;
also see albiceps
leucocephalusleucocephalaleucocephalum
leucodonGwhite-toothedbicolored shrew, Crocidura leucodon;
lesser mole-rat, Spalax leucodon;
white-toothed cowry, Cypraea leucodon;
white-toothed woodrat, Neotoma leucodon;
also see albidens
leucodon
leucurusGwhite-tailedwhite-tailed ptarmigan, Lagopus leucura;
white-tailed robin, Cinclidium leucurum;
white-tailed stonechat, Saxicola leucurus
leucurusleucuraleucurum
limosusLmuddylimosa harlequin frog, Atelopus limosus;
mud amnicola, Amnicola limosus
limosuslimosalimosum
lineatusLlined or stripedthirteen-lined ground squirrel, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus; Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata
lobosL lobus G λοβός (lobós)lobethree-lobe buttercup, Ranunculus trilobus
longi-L longuslongfrog shark, Somniosus longus, galingale, Cyperus longus;
Turmeric, Curcuma longa;
Long pepper, Piper longum,
longuslongalongumAll pages with titles beginning with longi
longicaudatusLlong-tailedlong-tailed pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus;
longtail catfish, Olyra longicaudata;
longtail tadpole shrimp Triops longicaudatus
longicaudatuslongicaudatalongicaudatum
longicollisLlong-neckedeastern long-necked turtle, Chelodina longicollislongicollislongicolle
longifoliusLlong-leavedlong-leaf persoonia, Persoonia longifolia;
long-leaf wild buckwheat, Eriogonum longifolium;
long-leaved butterwort, Pinguicula longifolia;
longleaf bush lupine, Lupinus longifolius;
longleaf sunflower, Helianthus longifolius
longifoliuslongifolialongifolium
longirostrisLlong beaklongbeak buttercup, Ranunculus longirostris;
longsnout blacksmelt, Dolicholagus longirostris
longirostrislongirostre
luctuosusLsorrowful, mournfulforget-me-not bug, Sehirus luctuosus;
white-shouldered tanager, Tachyphonus luctuosus;
four-spotted moth, Tyta luctuosa
luctuosusluctuosaluctuosum
luminosusLglowingcucubano, Ignelater luminuosus;
New Zealand glowworm, Arachnocampa luminosa;
striped flying squid, Eucleoteuthis luminosa
luminuosusluminuosaluminuosum
luteusLyellow, saffron-coloredyellow mariposa lily, Calochortus luteus;
yellow vetch, Vicia lutea;
red-billed leiothrix, Leiothrix lutea
luteuslutealuteum

M

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
macro-G μακρός (makrós)long, largebig-headed mole rat, Tachyoryctes macrocephalus; rock onion, Allium macrum; sea snail, Turbonilla macramacramacrum
macrouraGlong-tailedhooded skunk, Mephitis macrouramacroura
maculatusLspottedtiger quoll, Dasyurus maculatus; spotted sandpiper, Actitis maculariusmaculatusmaculatamaculatum
madagascariensisLfrom MadagascarMadagascar day gecko, Phelsuma madagascariensis madagascariensis; Malagasy ground boa, Acrantophis madagascariensis; Malagasy tree boa, Sanzinia madagascariensis; Madagascar fruit-bat argasid, Ornithodoros madagascariensismadagascariensis
magnusLgreat, largestreaked spiderhunter, Arachnothera magnamagnusmagnamagnum
majorLgreatergreat tit, Parus major
malabaricusLfrom Malabarchestnut-tailed starling, Sturnia malabaricus
marginatusLborderedgold edge Japanese euonymus, Euonymus japonicus 'Aureomarginatus' ; marginated tortoise, Testudo marginatamarginatusmarginatamarginatum
maritimaLof the seasea beet, Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima;
samphire, Crithmum maritimum, sea holly, Eryngium maritimum;
polar bear, Ursus maritimus, sea rush, Juncus maritimus,
maritimamaritimummaritimus
mauretanicusLfrom Mauretania (the Maghreb, northwest Africa)Balearic shearwater, Puffinus mauretanicus; Moroccan hairstreak, Tomares mauretanicus
Adscita mauretanica, a moth; Marginella mauretanica, a sea snail
mauretanicusmauretanicamauretanicum
mauro-G μαυρός (maurós)dark, blackdark shrew, Crocidura maurisca
maximusLlargestroyal tern, Sterna maxima
mega-G μέγας (mégas)large, greatmegalodon shark, Carcharodon megalodon
megacephalusGbig-headedAndriyashev large-headed sculpin, Andriashevicottus megacephalus; big-head rush, Juncus megacephalus; big-headed ant, Pheidole megacephala; big-headed tiger beetle, Megacephala megacephala; coastal plain hawkweed, Hieracium megacephalum; large-headed rice rat, Hylaeamys megacephalusmegacephalusmegacephalamegacephalum
melLhoneyblack sage, Salvia mellifera; Nephelium melliferum; western honey bee, Apis mellifera
melano-G μελανός (melanós)blackblack-browed albatross, Thalassarche melanophrismelanusmelana
melanocephalusGblack-headedblack-headed fleabane, Erigeron melanocephalus; black-headed snake, Tantilla melanocephala; ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalummelanocephalusmelanocephalamelanocephalum
melanophyllusGblack-leavedMelanophylla; Melanophyllummelanophyllusmelanophyllamelanophyllum
melanopsGblack-eyed, black-facedblack-eyed blue, Glaucopsyche melanops; black-fronted dotterel, Elseyornis melanops; gray spiny mouse, Scolomys melanopsmelanops
mephitisLbad odorstriped skunk, Mephitis mephitis; yellow-pigmented bacteria, Luteimonas mephitis
meridionalisLsouthernsouthern oak bush cricket, Meconema meridionale; Andean blueberry, Vaccinium meridionale
southern mammoth, Mammuthus meridionalis; Zimbabwe grey baboon tarantula, Ceratogyrus meridionalis
meridionalemeridionalis
micro-G μικρός (mikrós)smalllittleleaf pussytoes, Antennaria microphylla
microphyllusGsmall-leavedbaby sage, Salvia microphylla; boxleaf azara, Azara microphylla; littleleaf box, Buxus microphylla; littleleaf mock-orange, Philadelphus microphyllus; small-leaf climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllummicrophyllusmicrophyllamicrophyllum
minimusLsmallestleast flycatcher, Empidonax minimus
minorLsmallergreat frigatebird, Fregata minor
minutaLsmalldwarf waterclover, Marsilea minuta, little cuckoo, Coccycua minuta;
little gull, Hydrocoloeus minutus, harvest mouse, Micromys minutus;
little willowherb, Epilobium minutum,
minutaminutusminutum
mitraLGheadband, turban or mitreMitra spp., mitre shells; Gyromitra esculenta, false morel; Psittacara mitratus, mitred conure; Presbytis mitrata, mitered langurAll pages with titles beginning with Mitramitratusmitratamitratum
monileLnecklaceConus monilifer
mono-G μόνος (mónos)singleSwinhoe's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma monorhis; Monotreme
monoicaLmonoicousthe sandpaper saucer-berry, Cordia monoicamonoica
monospermusLHaving a single sperm cellone-seed juniper Juniperus monospermamonospermusmonospermamonospermum
monspeliensisLfrom MontpellierMontpellier cistus, Cistus monspeliensismonspeliensismonspessulanusmonspessulanamonspessulanum
montanusL monsof the mountainsmountain bottlebrush, Melaleuca montana; mountain mahogany, Cercocarpus montanus; mountain thistle, Acanthus montanus; tree sparrow, Passer montanusmontanus
morpho-G μορφή (morphḗ)shapeMenelaus blue morpho, Morpho menelaus
mus, mysL mūs G μῦς (mûs)mousehouse mouse, Mus musculus; as rodent, e.g. Phoberomys, Telicomys
mulgereGto milkEuropean nightjar, Caprimulgus europaeusCaprimulgus
muralisLgrowing on the wallannual wall-rocket Diplotaxis muralis, Psammophiliella muralis

N

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
naeviusLhaving moles or spotsvaried thrush, Ixoreus naevius; spotted salamander, Hynobius naevius
striped cuckoo, Tapera naevia; common grasshopper warbler, Locustella naevia
spotted oncidium, Oncidium naevium; Cyrtidium naevium, a fungus
naeviusnaevianaevium
nanosG νᾶνος (nânos) L nanusdwarfbrown-capped woodpecker, Dendrocopos nanus;
dwarf birch, Betula nana;
dwarf shrew, Sorex nanus
nanus
natansLfloatingWater caltrop, Trapa natans
neomexicanusLfrom New MexicoNew Mexico whiptail, Aspidoscelis neomexicanus;
New Mexican yucca, Yucca neomexicana;
New Mexico thistle, Cirsium neomexicanum
neomexicanusneomexicananeomexicanum
niger, nigr-Lblackblack skimmer, Rynchops niger;
black pine, Pinus nigra;
black softshell turtle, Nilssonia nigricans;
black-footed albatross, Phoebastria nigripes;
black-spined Atlantic tree-rat, Phyllomys nigrispinus
See also: ater
nigranigrasnigrusnigrumnigrescens
nippon(ensis)Lfrom Japan (natively known as Nippon)freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponense; Japanese bobtail squid, Sepiolina nipponensis; Sika deer, Cervus nippon; Crested ibis, Nipponia nippon
See also: japonicus
nipponensisnipponensenippon
nitidusL nitereshiningBaja cape kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula nitida;
Mauritius blue pigeon, Alectroenas nitidissima;
shining pea clam, Pisidium nitidum;
shining tree iguana, Liolaemus nitidus
nitidusnitidanitidum
nixLsnowsnow buckwheat, Eriogonum niveum;
snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis;
snow petrel, Pagodroma nivea;
snow sheep Ovis nivicola;
snowy plover, Charadrius nivosus;
snowy primrose, Primula nivalis;
snowy sunflower, Helianthus niveus;
nivalisniveusniveaniveumnivosus
nonusLninthhoney fungus, Armillaria nabsnona
norvegicusLfrom NorwayNorway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus; brown rat, Rattus norvegicus; rose fish, Sebastes norvegicus; Northern krill, Meganyctiphanes norvegica; highland cudweed, Gnaphalium norvegicum;norvegicusnorvegicanorvegicum
nothosG νόθος (nóthos) L nothusfalse, wrongbluefin notho killifish, Nothobranchius rachovii;
New Zealand red beech, Nothofagus fusca
notonG νῶτον (nôton)backblack-backed antshrike, Thamnophilus melanonotus
notosG νότος (nótos)southernfawn hopping mouse, Notomys cervinus
novaeangliaeLfrom New Englandhumpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae; Sphaerophoria novaeangliae, a syrphid fly
New England boneset, Eupatorium novae-angliae; New England aster, Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
novaeangliaenovae-angliae
novaehollandiaeLfrom New Holland (Australia)emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae; New Holland rattlepod, Crotalaria novae-hollandiae; Sepia novaehollandiae, a cuttlefishnovaehollandiaenovae-hollandiae
novaeseelandiaeLfrom New Zealandsouthern boobook, Ninox novaeseelandiae
New Zealand scallop, Pecten novaezelandiae
yellow-dabbled flounder, Brachypleura novaezeelandiae
New Zealand horned orchid, Orthoceras novae-zeelandiae
red bidibid, Acaena novae-zelandiae
novaeseelandiaenovae-zelandiaenovae-zeelandiaenovaezeelandiaenovaezelandiae
noveboracensisLfrom New York (Novum Eboracum)margined carrion beetle, Oiceoptoma noveboracense;
New York fern, Thelypteris noveboracensis;
northern waterthrush, Seiurus noveboracensis
noveboracensisnoveboracense
novemLninenine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus;
nine-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella novemnotata
nuciferaLbearing nutsbutter-nut of Guiana, Caryocar nuciferum;
coconut, Cocos nucifera
All pages with titles containing nucifera
nutansLnoddingnodding madia, Harmonia nutans;
nodding spurge, Euphorbia nutans
nutans

O

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
obscurusLdarkdark bolo mouse, Necromys obscurus; dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus; obscure morning glory, Ipomoea obscura; rare clubmoss, Lycopodium obscurumobscurusobscuraobscurum
obsoletusLobsolete, degeneratePantherophis obsoletus; Great Plains skink, Plestiodon obsoletusobsoletusobsoletum
occidentalisLwesterneastern arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis; western clover, Trifolium occidentaleoccidentalisoccidentale
oceanG ὠκεανός (ōkeanós)oceanoceanic gecko, Gehyra oceanica;
Mediterranean tapeweed, Posidonia oceanica
oceanicusoceanica
octo-, octa-G ὀκτω- ὀκτα-eightcommon octopus, Octopus vulgaris
-odon, -odusG ὀδών (odṓn), ὀδούς (odoús)toothDimetrodon, Rhizodus
oeso-G οἰσέμεν (oisémen), οἰσ-carryOesophagostomum
officinalisLfor the workshop; medicinalginger, Zingiber officinale;
rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis
officinalisofficinale
oleraceusLused as a vegetablecabbage, broccoli, kale, Brussels sprouts, and so on, Brassica oleracea; common sowthistle, Sonchus oleraceusoleraceusoleraceaoleraceum
oleum, olearisLoilOmphalotus olearius, jack o'lantern mushroom
ommato-G ὄμμᾰ (ómma), gen. ὄμμᾰτος (ómmatos)eyeOmmatokoita, Ommatochila, OmmatospilaAll pages with titles beginning with Ommato
ophisG ὄφις (óphis)serpentCarphophis vermis, western wormsnake
ophrysG ὀφρύς (ophrús)eyebrowbee orchid, Ophrys; Central American bushmaster, Lachesis stenophrys
Melanophrys, fly genus; Cyanophrys, butterfly genus
All pages with titles beginning with Ophry
-ophthalmusG ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós)eyecommon rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus; Ariosoma ophidiophthalmus, an eel; Spanish ling, Molva macrophthalma; Hippopsicon macrophthalmum, a beetle; Cyprinion microphthalmum, a fish; gold-eye lichen, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus
opsG ὤψ (ṓps)face, eyeTriceratops
-opsisG ὄψις (ópsis)resemblingCarolina parakeet, Conuropsis carolinensis
orientalisLeasternOriental cockroach, Blatta orientalisorientalisorientale
ortho-G ὀρθός (orthós)straightOrthoptera
oryzaG ὄρυζα (óruza)riceAsian rice, Oryza sativa; rice rats, Oryzomys
ovatusLegg-shapedshagbark hickory, Carya ovataovatusovataovatum

P

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
pachy-G παχύς (pakhús)thick, stoutPachycephalosaurus
palaemonG Παλαίμων (Palaímōn)Palaemon, a sea god whose name means "wrestler"Palaemon, crustacean genus; chequered skipper, Carterocephalus palaemon
Palaemonias, Palaemonella and Palaemonetes, shrimp genera
palaemon
pallidusLpaleDalmatian iris, Iris pallidapalliduspallidapallidum
palustris L palusterof the marshmugger crocodile, Crocodylus palustris; marsh marigold, Caltha palustris; Sphagnurus paluster, mushroom;palustrispalusterpalustrepalustrium
pan- panto-G πᾶν (pân)allPancratium (a flower); Pangaea
paradoxusL, from G παράδοξος (parádoxos)contrary to expectation, strange, uncharacteristicPallas's sandgrouse, Syrrhaptes paradoxus, puzzle sunflower, Helianthus paradoxus
ghost mantis, Phyllocrania paradoxa, paradoxical frog, Pseudis paradoxa
green-banded broodsac, Leucochloridium paradoxum, few-flowered garlic, Allium paradoxum
paradoxusparadoxaparadoxum
parilisLequalSyngrapha parilis, a moth; Metasphenisca parilis, a fruit fly
Nephroma parile, a fungus; Malmesbury pincushion, Leucospermum parile
parilisparile
parviflorusLsmall-floweredsmall-flowered mallow, Malva parviflora;
thimbleberry, Rubus parviflorus
parviflorusparvifloraparviflorum
parvifoliusLsmall-leavedChinese elm, Ulmus parvifolia;
littleleaf ceanothus, Ceanothus parvifolius;
small-leaved lomatium, Lomatium parvifolium
parvifoliusparvifoliaparvifolium
parvusLsmalldwarf catshark, Asymbolus parvus;
mountain pygmy possum, Burramys parvus;
small onion, Allium parvum
parvusparvum
pectenLcombVenus comb murex, Murex pecten
pedL pēsfootshowy lady slipper, Cypripedium reginae
pelagicusL, G πελαγικόςof the open seapelagic cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicuspelagicuspelagicapelagicum
penn-L pennafeather, wingDarwin's rhea, Rhea pennata;
great auk, Pinguinus impennis
penta-G πέντε (pénte)fivefive-fingered skink, Chalcides pentadactylus
petro-G πέτρα (pétra), L petrarock, stoneRoberts's flat-headed bat, Sauromys petrophilus;
rock daisy, Erigeron petrophilus
phago-G ἔφαγονeatAfrican scat (fish), Scatophagus tetracanthus;
Ichthyophaga, the ("fish-eating") sea eagle
phalloidesGlike a phallusAmanita phalloides, the death cap, a poisonous basidiomycete fungus species
phenolicusLable to degrade phenolPseudoalteromonas phenolicaphenolicusphenolicaphenolicum
philippinensis L from the Philippines katmon tree, Dillenia philippinensis;
Philippine cobra, Naja philippinensis
pholisG φολῐ́ς (pholís)horny scalebluespotted grouper, Cephalopholis argus
phyllo-G φύλλον (phúllon)leafgarden lupin, Lupinus polyphyllus
physi-G φύσις (phúsis)natureSymphysia ("naturally joined") (a plant)[5]
phyto-G φυτόν (phutón)plantAstrophytum, Astrophytum myriostigma (a cactus); epiphyte
pictusLpaintedPimelodus pictus, a catfish;
painted skipper, Hesperilla picta;
painted tunicate, Clavelina picta;
Abutilon pictum, a shrub
pictuspictapictum
platy-G πλατύς (platús)flat and broadflathead trout, Salmo platycephalus; platypus
plicatilisLflexible, pliablefan-aloe, Kumara plicatilis; lobed river mullet, Cestraeus plicatilis
Dendrobium plicatile, an orchid; Cormohipparion plicatile, an extinct horse
plicatilisplicatile
plumosumLfeatheredbig tarweed, Blepharizonia plumosa; buzzer midge, Chironomus plumosusplumosusplumosaplumosum
pod-G πούς (poús)foot, leg, stemred-footed spikesedge, Eleocharis erythropoda; Arthropoda; Gastropoda
poliocephalusGgrey-headedashy-headed goose, Chloephaga poliocephala;
grey-crowned flatbill, Tolmomyias poliocephalus;
grey-headed flying fox, Pteropus poliocephalus;
grey-headed goshawk, Accipiter poliocephalus;
hoary-headed grebe, Poliocephalus poliocephalus;
white-headed langur, Trachypithecus poliocephalus;
yellow-lored tody-flycatcher, Todirostrum poliocephalum
poliocephaluspoliocephalapoliocephalum
poly-G πολύς (polús)many, muchcommon knotgrass, Polygonum aviculare
pomumLfruitapple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella;
apple murex, Phyllonotus pomum;
codling moth, Cydia pomonella;
emu apple, Kunzea pomifera;
Osage orange, Maclura pomifera
pomumpomiferpomiferapomonella
ponticusG Πόντος (Póntos)Pontic; from Pontus, TurkeyBlack Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus;
Pontic adder, Vipera pontica;
Pontic rhododendron, Rhododendron ponticum;
Roman wormwood, Artemisia pontica
ponticusponticaponticum
praecoxLearlyearly onion, Allium praecox;
neon rainbow, Melanotaenia praecox;
wintersweet, Chimonanthus praecox
praecox
praestansLexcellingKamchatka bilberry, Vaccinium praestans;
goliath webcap mushroom, Cortinarius praestans;
(a butterfly), Ypthima praestans;
(a ground beetle), Lesticus praestans;
Tulipa praestans
praestans
praeustusLburned at the end, scorched, witheredbrownback trevally, Carangoides praeustus; Adetus praeustus, a beetle
Serixia praeusta, a beetle; Tricholauxania praeusta, a fly;
Trogoxylon praeustum, a beetle
praeustuspraeustapraeustum
prātumLmeadowInyo meadow lupine, Lupinus pratensis;
meadow foxtail, Alopecurus pratensis;
meadow sedge, Carex praticola;
meadow waxcap, Cuphophyllus pratensis
pratensispratensepraticola
princepsLfirst, leader, principal, princelyKorean wormwood, Artemisia princeps; princely spiny-tailed lizard, Uromastyx princeps; American pika, Ochotona princepsprinceps
proto-G πρῶτος (prôtos)firstProtozoa
pruinosusLpruinose, "frosted", covered in white granulesTibetan blue bear, Ursus arctos pruinosus; frosted myotis, Myotis pruinosus
fuzzywuzzy airplant, Tillandsia pruinosa; frosted hawthorn, Crataegus pruinosa
crimson-tailed marsh hawk, Orthetrum pruinosum; dotted blue-eyed grass, Sisyrinchium pruinosum
pruinosuspruinosapruinosum
pruriensLitchingvelvet bean, Mucuna prurienspruriens
pseudo-L G ψευδής (pseudḗs)false or fakeBrazilian false rice rat, Pseudoryzomys simplex;
pastel flower, Pseuderanthemum variabile
psych-G ψυχή (psychḗ)mind, soulpsychedelicAll pages with titles beginning with Psy
psychrophilusG ψυχρός (psukhrós)cold-lovingbacterial rod, Flavobacterium psychrophilum;
bacterium, Geobacter psychrophilus;
whip-lash squid, Mastigoteuthis psychrophila
psychrophiluspsychrophilapsychrophilum
pterus, -pterG πτερόν (pterón)wing, featherwhite-winged tern, Chlidonias leucopterus;
Pteranodon (winged toothless);
Pterodactylus (winged finger);
Pteridophyta; Diptera;
Coleoptera
ptyo-G πτύον (ptyon)fanfan-fingered geckos, Ptyodactylus; crag martin, PtyonoprogneAll pages with titles beginning with Ptyo
puberulusLhaving short, soft hairsHydroporus puberulus, a diving beetle; Leptomyrmex puberulus, an ant
mountain bellwort, Uvularia puberula; hairy melicope, Melicope puberula
plains flax, Linum puberulum; red berry stick plant, Teucrium puberulum
puberuluspuberulapuberulum
pubescensLdownydowny oak, Quercus pubescenspubescens
pugilL pugila boxerfighting conch, Strombus pugilispugilis
pulchellusLpretty little[6]beautiful sunbird, Cinnyris pulchella;
green pygmy goose, Nettapus pulchellus
pulchelluspulchellapulchellum
pumilusLdwarfCape dwarf chameleon, Bradypodion pumilum;
dwarf cuckoo, Coccycua pumila;
dwarf mouse-ear, Cerastium pumilum;
eastern forest bat, Vespadelus pumilus;
shaggy fleabane, Erigeron pumilus;
Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila
pumilapumiluspumilum
punctatusLspotted, marked with puncturesdotted thyme-moss, Rhizomnium punctatum;
thirteen-spotted lady beetle, Hippodamia tredecimpunctata
punctatuspunctatapunctatum
pungensL pungenspungentblue spruce, Picea pungens;
pungent slippery jack, Suillus pungens
pungens
purpurascensLsomewhat purpleveiled purple hygrophorus, Hygrophorus purpurascenspurpurascens
purpureusL purpureuspurplepurple amole, Chlorogalum purpureum;
purple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea;
purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus
purpureuspurpureapurpureum
pygmaeusL, from the Pygmaeīpygmy, dwarfBornean orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus; pygmy three-toed sloth, Bradypus pygmaeus; Western Greece goby, Economidichthys pygmaeus; western pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea; smooth spike-primrose, Epilobium pygmaeum; alpine glacier poppy, Papaver pygmaeumpygmaeuspygmaeapygmaeum
pygo-G πυγή (pugḗ)tail, rumpchinstrap penguin, Pygoscelis antarcticus

Q

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
quadri-L quattuorfour, squareburr grass, Festuca quadriflora (four-flowered);
four-coloured bushshrike, Telophorus quadricolor;
fourspot butterflyfish, Chaetodon quadrimaculatus;
whorled loosestrife, Lysimachia quadrifolia (four-leaved)
All pages with titles beginning with Quadri

R

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
radixLroot or radishtaproot fleabane, Erigeron radicatusradixradicansradicatusradicis
rāmusLbranchbranched draba, Draba ramosissima;
branched murex, Chicoreus ramosus
ramosusramosaramulosus
regalisLroyalSynalpheus regalis;
regal moth, Citheronia regalis;
royal lily, Lilium regale
regalisregale
repandusL repanduscurved upwards, turned updragon's tongue, Hemigraphis repanda;
hedgehog mushroom, Hydnum repandum;
Peruvian apple cactus, Cereus repandus
repandusrepandarepandum
repensLcreeping, crawling (rēpēns)creeping buttercup, Ranunculus repens
repensLunexpected (rĕpēns)white clover, Trifolium repens
reptans, rept-Lcreeping, crawlingbugle, Ajuga reptans;
creeping cinquefoil, Potentilla reptans; Reptilia
reptans
reticulataLreticulatedmandarin orange, Citrus reticulatareticulatusreticulatareticulatum
rhino-G ῥίς (rhís)noseorange leaf-nosed bat, Rhinonicteris aurantia; rhinoceros
rhizaG ῥίζα (rhíza)rootbushy seedbox, Ludwigia helminthorrhiza; Rhizobium (nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria)
rhynchosG ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos)beak or snoutmallard, Anas platyrhynchos; Rhamphorhynchus
rhytisG ῥῠτίς (rhutís)wrinkled, foldedshaggy moss, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus; Rhytidodon (syn. Rutiodon)
rigidusLrigid, stiffbig galleta, Hilaria rigidarigidusrigidarigidum
rossicusLfrom RussiaPliosaurus rossicus
rostr-L rōstrumbeak, bill, snoutcommon crossbill, Loxia curvirostra
rostralisLwith a beakbuttoned snout moth, Hypena rostralisrostralisrostrale
rostratusL rōstrātushaving a beakbeaked sedge, Carex rostrata;
beaked yucca, Yucca rostrata;
Caribbean sharp-nose puffer, Canthigaster rostrata;
longnose surgeonfish, Zebrasoma rostratum
rostratusrostratarostratum
ruber, rubr-L ruberredred maple, Acer rubrum;
red valerian, Centranthus ruber;
ruby bolete, Hortiboletus rubellus;
summer tanager, Piranga rubra
ruberrubrarubrumrubellusrubrescens
ruder-L rūdus, rūderisrubbishCannabis ruderalis;
Porophyllum ruderale;
ruderal bumblebee, Bombus ruderatus
ruderalisruderaleruderatus
rudis, rud-Lrough, rudecoarse chameleon, Trioceros rudis;
pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis;
rough gecko, Naultinus rudis;
rough mabuya, Eutropis rudis
rudisrude
rufus, ruf-Lred, reddishred wolf, Canis rufus;
rufous rubber cup, Galiella rufa
rufusrufarufumrufescens
rupestrisLliving on cliffs or rocksEurasian crag martin, Ptyonoprogne rupestris; rock bass, Ambloplites rupestris
rock campion, Atocion rupestre; alpine tea-tree, Leptospermum rupestre
rupestrisrupestre
rupicola L cliff dweller Diplacus rupicola, Death Valley monkeyflower; Narcissus rupicola; Tabernaemontana rupicola All pages with titles containing rupicola
russusLreddishLophocampa russus, a moth; Toxitiades russus, a beetle; Schistura russa, a stone loach; Steccherinum russum, a fungusrussusrussarussum
russulusLlittle reddish onegreater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula; Mimeresia russulus, a butterfly; pinkmottle woodwax, Hygrophorus russula; Bryum russulum, a mossrussulusrussularussulum

S

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
sanctusLsacredSee sanctus (species)sanctus
sanguisLbloodbloodroot, Sanguinaria canadensissanguinis
sapiensLwiserecent subspecies of humans: Homo sapiens sapiens ("wise wise man")
saponariaLsoapy[7][8]soapworts (Saponaria spp.), soapbark (Quillaja saponaria), Ramaria flavosaponariasaponaria
sativusLsown, cultivatedoat, Avena sativa;
pea, Pisum sativum;
rice, Oryza sativa
sativussativasativum
saura, -saurG σαῦρος (saûros)lizard, reptilelancetfish, Alepisaurus; Maiasaura (dinosaur)
scriptusLwritten, scribbled, scrawledCape bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus; scrawled filefish, Aluterus scriptus
pond slider, Trachemys scripta; long hoverfly, Sphaerophoria scripta;
Grammatophyllum scriptum, an orchid; Steindachneridion scriptum, a catfish
scriptusscriptascriptum
sculptusLsculptedreed-stemmed orchid, Epidendrum sculptum;
sculpted lanternshark, Etmopterus sculptus;
sculpted puffball, Calvatia sculpta
sculptussculptasculptum
septemLsevenseven-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata
septentrionalisLNorthern Hemisphere (septentrional, "of the seven plough-oxen", a reference to The Plough)northern rockling, Ciliata septentrionalis
northern spleenwort, Asplenium septentrionale
septentrionalisseptentrionale
setosusLbristly or shaggyhairy Atlantic spiny rat, Trinomys setosus;
artic iris Iris setosa,
Diadema setosum
setosussetosasetosum
sidero-G σίδηρος (sídēros)ironSiderostigma, Sideroxylon; lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposiderosAll pages with titles beginning with Sidero
silvestris, sylvestris silvaticusLfrom woodland or forest; wildwildcat, Felis silvestris;
snowdrop anemone, Anemone sylvestris;
Wood frog, Lithobates sylvaticus
silvestris, sylvestrissilvestre, sylvestresilvaticus, sylvaticus
similisLsimilarCallinectes similissimilis
simplexLsimplesee List of species named simplexsimplex
sinensisLfrom Chinatea, Camellia sinensissinensissinense
smaragdinusG σμάραγδος (smáragdos)emeraldgreen grass lizard, Takydromus smaragdinus; Carabus smaragdinus, a beetle
Smaragdina, beetle genus; Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina
Epidendrum smaragdinum, an orchid; Smaragdia, snail genus
smaragdinussmaragdinasmaragdinumSmaragdia
speciosusLshowyqueen's crape-myrtle, Lagerstroemia speciosa;
Japanese lily, Lilium speciosum
speciosusspeciosaspeciosum
spermaG σπέρμα (spérma)seedAfrican daisies, Osteospermum
sphen-, spheno-G σφήν (sphḗn)wedgetuatara, Sphenodon punctatus
squamatusLwith scalesscaly francolin, Pternistis squamatus, scaled woodcreeper, Lepidocolaptes squamatus
stichus, sticticusG στίχος (stíkhos)line, fileOchlerotatus sticticus, a mosquito; western erete, Eretes sticticus
Acalolepta stictica, a beetle; Punctelia stictica, a lichen
Trypetisoma sticticum, a fly; Diorygma sticticum, a lichen
Toothfish, Dissostichus
sticticussticticasticticum
stomaG στόμα (stóma)mouth, openingstomate, Gnathostomata
striatusLstripedAfrican striped skink, Trachylepis striata;
striated heron, Butorides striatus;
striped Barbados lily, Hippeastrum striatum
striatusstriatastriatum
strictusLstraight, narrow, erectchocolate lily, Dichopogon strictus;
Oxalis stricta; Babiana stricta; Nardus stricta,
bog haircap moss, Polytrichum strictum
strictusstrictastrictum
strix, strig-L or Gowlkakapo or owl parrot, Strigops habroptilus;
tawny frogmouth, Podargus strigoides;
tawny owl, Strix aluco
suberLcorkcork oak, Quercus suber
suchos, -suchusG σοῦχος (soûkhos)crocodile (from Egyptian)Eusuchia;
Koolasuchus
sulcatusLfurrowedfurrowed wakerobin, Trillium sulcatum;
grooved helmet-orchid, Nematoceras sulcatum
sulcatussulcatasulcatum
syriacusLSyriancommon milkweed, Asclepias syriacussyriacussyriacasyriacum

T

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
tardus, tardi-Lslow, lategreat bustard, Otis tarda;
Chisos Mountains oak, Quercus tardifolia
tele-, tel-G τῆλε (têle)far, distantNew South Wales waratah, Telopea speciosissima
tenaxLclinging, tenaciousbear grass, Xerophyllum tenax;
tough bully, Sideroxylon tenax;
tough-leaved iris, Iris tenax
tenax
tenuisLthin, slender, fineslender rush, Juncus tenuis;
plealeaf knotweed, Polygonum tenue
tenuistenue
terrestris, terrestreLterrestriallarge earth bumblebee, Bombus terrestris
bent orchid, Geodorum terrestre
terrestristerrestre
tetra-G τετρα-fourfour-leaved allseed, Polycarpon tetraphyllum; Tetrapoda
therium, ther-G θηρίον (thēríon), θήρ (thḗr)beast, wild animalgiant ground sloth, Megatherium americanum;
stinkpot turtle, Sternotherus odoratus;
gelada, Theropithicus gelada
timidusLshy, timidMountain hare, Lepus timidus; Rhene timidus, a jumping spider; dwarf three-toed slider, Lerista timida; Elysia timida, a sea slug; Zodarion timidum, an ant spidertimidustimidatimidum
tinctoriusLfor dyeingwoad, Isatis tinctoriatinctoriustinctoriatinctorium
tomentosusLfurrybristle-tail filefish, Acreichthys tomentosus;
fuzzy mock-orange, Philadelphus tomentosus;
woollyleaf ceanothus, Ceanothus tomentosus
tomentosustomentosatomentosum
trachy-G τραχύς (trachys)roughTrachyscorpia, fish genus; Trachyaretaon, insect genusAll pages with titles beginning with trachy
tri-, tris-L tri-, G τρι- (tri-)threeblack-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla;
three-cornered garlic, Allium triquetrum
tricho-, -thrixG θρίξ (thríx), τριχ- (trikh-)haircloud ear fungus, Auricularia polytricha
tripartitusLthree-partthreepart violet, Viola tripartita;
threetip sagebrush, Artemisia tripartita
tripartitustripartita
tristisLsad, disagreeable, bitter, foulever-flowering gladiolus, Gladiolus tristis
American goldfinch, Carduelis tristis
Mupli beetle, Luprops tristis
trivialisLcommonplace, ordinarytree pipit, Anthus trivialis;
southern dewberry, Rubus trivialis;
northern water plantain, Alisma triviale;
Bulbophyllum triviale, an orchid
trivialistriviale
troglodytesL G τρωγλοδύτης (trōglodútēs)cave-dwellerchimpanzee, Pan troglodytes;
wren, Troglodytes troglodytes
tropicalisLtropicalCandida tropicalis (yeast);
Rostraureum tropicale (fungus)
tropicalistropicale
truncatusLtruncated, foreshortenedcommon bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus;
pink fairy armadillo, Chlamyphorus truncatus;
rattlesnake flower, Brazoria truncata;
false Christmas cactus, Schlumbergera truncata;
Shantung maple, Acer truncatum;
truncate leek orchid, Prasophyllum truncatum
truncatustruncatatruncatum
trygonG τρῡγών (trygōn)stingray
turtledove
Fontitrygon, Hemitrygon, Trygonoptera, all ray genera
Geotrygon and Trugon, dove genera
trygontrugonAll pages with titles beginning with trygo
typhlo-G τύραννος (typhlós)blindTyphlobarbus nudiventris, fish species; Typhlochactidae, scorpion familyAll pages with titles beginning with typhl
tyranno-G τυφλός (túrannos)tyrant, tyrannicalTyrannosaurus rex; Tyrannodoris; Tyrannoneustes; Tyrannotitan;

U

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
ulmusLelmAmerican elm, Ulmus americana; elmleaf goldenrod, Solidago ulmifolia; Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila; Ulmus
ulosG οὖλος (oûlos)woollyUloborus; Ulotrichi; UlotrichopusAll pages with titles beginning with Ulo
unusLoneMonotropa uniflora; unicolor woolly lemur, Avahi unicolor
uraG οὐρά (ourá)of the tailmourning dove, Zenaida macroura; coral snake, Micrurus corallinus

V

Latin/Greek Language English Examples Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
vaginalisLsheathed, vaginalAlyce clover, Gardnerella vaginalisvaginalis
variabilisLvariablegrey bunting, Emberiza variabilisvariabilisvariabile
variegatusLvariegatedvariegated laughingthrush, Garrulax variegatus; croton, Codiaeum variegatumvariegatusvariegatavariegatum
variusLdifferent, variegated, variablelace monitor, Varanus varius; yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius
barred owl, Strix varia; purple crown vetch, Securigera varia
variable triplefin, Forsterygion varium; grass cerith, Bittiolum varium
variusvariavarium
velox, velocisLswiftswift fox, Vulpes velox; Velociraptorvelox
ventralisLventral, of the bellyHispaniolan parrot, Amazona ventralis;
southern dwarf chameleon, Bradypodion ventrale
ventralisventrale
venustusLbeautifulgiraffe hap, Nimbochromis venustus; beautiful pit viper, Trimeresurus venustus
flamevine, Pyrostegia venusta; orchard spider, Leucauge venusta
Himalayan maidenhair, Adiantum venustum; magnificent leafy moss, Plagiomnium venustum
venustusvenustavenustum
vernicosaLvarnishedvarnished maxillaria, Maxillaria vernicosavernicosusvernicosavernicosum
vernus, vernalisLspring (season)spring gentian, Gentiana verna;
spring pheasant's eye, Adonis vernalis;
spring sneezeweed, Helenium vernale
vernalisvernale
verrucosusLrough-skinnedJavan warty pig, Sus verrucosus; reef stonefish, Synanceia verrucosaverrucosusverrucosaverrucosum
versicolorLmany-coloredvaried honeyeater, Lichenostomus versicolor; Vietnam mouse-deer, Tragulus versicolorversicolor
verticillataLwhorledspaghetti bryozoan, Amathia verticillata; whorled plectranthus, Plectranthus verticillatusverticillatusverticillataverticillatum
verusLtrue, genuinetrue aloe, Aloe vera; lady's bedstraw, Galium verumverusverum
victoriaeLVictorianVictoria's bar, Cigaritis victoriaevictoriae
villosusL [9]hairy, shaggyhairy nightshade, Solanum villosum;
hairy stonecrop, Sedum villosum;
hairy vetch, Vicia villosa;
hairy woodpecker, Picoides villosus;
shaggy hawkweed, Hieracium villosum;
villous deadly carrot, Thapsia villosa
villosusvillosavillosum
virginianaLVirginiaVirginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana; Rosa virginiana, the Virginia rosevirginianavirginianum
viridisLgreenfrog orchid, Coeloglossum viride;
green alder, Alnus viridis;
green wrasse, Labrus viridis
viridisviride
virosusLpoisonouscowbane, Cicuta virosa; poisonous lettuce, Lactuca virosavirosusvirosa
viticola
(vitis-cola)
Lgrape vine inhabitant or cultivatorPhomopsis viticola; Plasmopara viticola; Schizomyia viticolaviticola
volansLflyingflying dragon, Draco volans; southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volansvolans
vulgarisLcommoncommon octopus, Octopus vulgaris; common privet, Ligustrum vulgarevulgarisvulgare

X–Z

Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix:
xanthosG ξανθόςyellowyellow staining mushroom, Agaricus xanthodermusAll pages with titles beginning with Xanth
zebratusLcross-stripedKolombatovic's goby, Chromogobius zebratus
zosterG ζωστήρ (zōstḗr)belt, girdlewhite-eyes, Zosterops; Zosterophyllum; Zosterocarpus abyssicolaAll pages with titles beginning with Zoster
zygosG ζυγόςjoinedZygophyllum; ZygopteraAll pages with titles beginning with Zygo

See also

References

  1. Harbach, Ralph E. (17 October 2018). Culicipedia: Species-group, genus-group and family-group names in Culicidae (Diptera). CABI. ISBN 9781786399052 via Google Books.
  2. Chuck Griffith. "Dictionary of Botanical Epithets".
  3. "Rhus glabra L." Northern Arizona University. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
  4. "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, G, Gracchus, grăcĭlĭpes". Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  5. Umberto Quattrocchi (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. CRC Press. p. 2610. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8.
  6. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short (1879). "pulchellus". A Latin Dictionary.
  7. Saponaria. Flora of North America.
  8. Griffith, Chuck (2005). "Dictionary of Botanical Epithets". Dictionary of Botanical Epithets. Retrieved 16 July 2018. saponarius saponaria saponarium soapy sapo sapon noun/m soap (from German) arius ari adj adjective suffix for nouns or numbers: connected to or possessed by
  9. "Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, villōsus". Retrieved 17 January 2016.
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