NEUROD1

Neurogenic differentiation 1 (Neurod1), also called β2,[5] is a transcription factor of the NeuroD-type. It is encoded by the human gene NEUROD1.

NEUROD1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2QL2
Identifiers
Aliases	NEUROD1, BETA2, BHF-1, MODY6, NEUROD, bHLHa3, neuronal differentiation 1, T2D
External IDs	OMIM: 601724 MGI: 1339708 HomoloGene: 1871 GeneCards: NEUROD1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q31.3 Start 181,668,295 bp[1] End 181,680,827 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2 C3|2 47.58 cM Start 79,282,865 bp[2] End 79,287,095 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cerebellar vermis islet of Langerhans ganglionic eminence pons middle temporal gyrus Brodmann area 10 frontal pole hippocampus proper Region I of hippocampus proper Brodmann area 23 Top expressed in cerebellar vermis habenula pineal gland islet of Langerhans retinal pigment epithelium trigeminal ganglion subiculum dentate gyrus medial vestibular nucleus barrel cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function sequence-specific DNA binding transcription coactivator activity DNA binding protein dimerization activity DNA-binding transcription factor activity DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific transcription factor binding chromatin binding RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding E-box binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity double-stranded DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component cytoplasm intracellular anatomical structure nucleoplasm RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex nucleus Biological process positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding regulation of neuron differentiation neurogenesis cell differentiation cell fate commitment regulation of transcription, DNA-templated pancreatic PP cell fate commitment glucose homeostasis regulation of insulin secretion enteroendocrine cell differentiation dentate gyrus development signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression neuron development insulin secretion positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity response to glucose transcription by RNA polymerase II embryonic organ morphogenesis cerebellum development transcription, DNA-templated nervous system development positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated multicellular organism development hindbrain development nucleocytoplasmic transport positive regulation of neuron differentiation positive regulation of cell differentiation nitric oxide mediated signal transduction positive regulation of apoptotic process regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance inner ear development camera-type eye development pancreatic A cell fate commitment amacrine cell differentiation negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process cellular response to glucose stimulus anterior/posterior pattern specification endocrine pancreas development positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4760 18012 Ensembl ENSG00000162992 ENSMUSG00000034701 UniProt Q13562 Q60867 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002500 NM_010894 RefSeq (protein) NP_002491 NP_035024 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 181.67 – 181.68 Mb Chr 2: 79.28 – 79.29 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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In mice, Neurod1 expression is first seen at embryonic day 12 (E12).[6]

It is a member of the Neurod family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, composed of Neurod1, Neurod2, Neurod4, and Neurod6. The protein forms heterodimers with other bHLH proteins and activates transcription of genes that contain a specific DNA sequence known as the E-box. It regulates expression of the insulin gene, and mutations in this gene result in type II diabetes mellitus in mouse models and in human clinical patients.[7]

Neurod1 is found to convert reactive glial cells into functional neurons in the mouse brain in vivo[8] In the adult cortex, Neurod1 expression is a marker of mature excitatory pyramidal neurons in the upper-most layers of the cortex.[9]