Visa requirements for Iraqi citizens

Visa requirements for Iraqi citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Iraq. As of January 2023, Iraqi citizens had visa free, visa on arrival or eVisa access to 29 countries and territories, ranking the Iraqi passport 107th in the world in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1] Visa cancellation between Iran and Iraq came into force on October 26, 2021

Front cover of an Iraqi passport (2023-) design

Visa requirements map
Visa requirements for Iraqi citizens
  Iraq
  Visa free access
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements
Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania eVisa[3][4]
 Algeria Visa required[5]
 Andorra Visa required[6]
 Angola Visa required[7]
 Antigua and Barbuda eVisa[8][9] 30 days
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 30 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada.
 Argentina Visa required[10]
 Armenia eVisa[11]
 Australia Online visa required[12]
 Austria Visa required[13]
 Azerbaijan Visa required[14]
 Bahamas eVisa[15]
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[16] 14 days
 Bangladesh Visa required[17]
 Barbados Visa required[18]
 Belarus Visa required[19]
 Belgium Visa required[20]
 Belize Visa required[21]
 Benin eVisa[22] 30 days
 Bhutan eVisa[23][24]
  • Holders of an application for a tourist visa can obtain a visa on arrival.
 Bolivia Visa required[25]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa required[26]

* Visa not required for 30 days if holding multiple-entry visa issued by Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Ireland (Rep.), Monaco, Romania, USA, United Kingdom or a Schengen Member State.

 Botswana eVisa[27][28] 3 months
 Brazil Visa required[29]
 Brunei Visa required[30]
 Bulgaria Visa required[31]

* Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days within 180 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states.

 Burkina Faso eVisa[32][33]
 Burundi Visa required[34][35]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[36][37] 30 days
 Cameroon eVisa[38][39]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.[40]
 Canada Visa required[41]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[42] 3 months
 Central African Republic Visa required[43]
 Chad Visa required[44]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Chile Visa required[45]
 China Visa required[46]
 Colombia Online Visa[47][48]
  • Online visa application available.
 Comoros Visa on arrival[49] 45 days
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[50]
  • Visa not required if passengers have a V.I.P invitation letter.
 Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa[51][52] 7 days
  • Passenger with a letter (Visa Volant) issued by the Ministry of Interior and Security can obtain a visa on arrival.
 Costa Rica Visa required[53]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 30 days for valid visa holders or residents of the United States and Canada.
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[54]
 Croatia Visa required[55] Croatia Embassy in Baghdad
 Cuba Visa required[56]
  • Eligible to travel to Cuba with a tourist card only without visa if hold a valid visa or permanent residence permit issued by Canada, the United States or an EU member state.
 Cyprus Visa required[57]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days within 180 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states.
 Czech Republic Visa required[58]
 Denmark Visa required[59]
 Djibouti eVisa[60] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[61] 21 days
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 6 months for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada.
 Dominican Republic Visa required[62]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the United States and Canada.
 Ecuador Online Visa[63][64]
 Egypt Visa required[65]
 El Salvador Visa required[66]
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[67][68]
 Eritrea Visa required[69]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Estonia Visa required[70]
 Eswatini Visa required[71]
 Ethiopia Visa required[72]
  • Credit card payment transactions are not accepted when applying for e-Visa.
 Fiji Visa required[73]
 Finland Visa required[74]
 France Visa required[75]
 Gabon eVisa[76] 90 days
 Gambia Visa required[77]
  • Visa not required if Passengers traveling as tourists on a charter flight.
 Georgia Visa required[78] Georgia Embassy in Amman
 Germany Visa required[79]
 Ghana Visa required[80]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Greece Visa required[81]

Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the Greek Embassy in Baghdad

 Grenada Visa required[82]
 Guatemala Visa required[83]
 Guinea eVisa[84][85] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[86] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[87]
  • Those travelling as tourists can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 30 days provided holding a letter of invitation from sponsor or host.
 Haiti Visa not required[88] 3 months
 Honduras Visa required[89]
 Hong Kong eVisa[90]
 Hungary Visa required[91]
 Iceland Visa required[92]
 India Visa required[93]
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the Indian embassy in Baghdad and Erbil
 Indonesia Visa required[94]
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the Indonesian embassy in Baghdad
 Iran Visa not required[95]
  • Visa cancellation between Iran and Iraq came into force on October 26, 2021
 Ireland Visa required[96]
 Israel Visa required[97]
  • Confirmation from Israeli Foreign Ministry is required before a visa is issued.[98]
 Italy Visa required[99]
 Jamaica Visa required[100]
 Japan Visa required[101] Embassy and Consulate of Japan in Baghdad & Erbil
 Jordan Visa required[102]
  • Visa on arrival if having an official "Businessmen card" issued by Jordan or an official letter confirming the attendance to a conference or workshop.
  • Visa on arrival holding a residence permit issued by a country whose citizens can obtain a visa on arrival(except Lebanon) for 1 month maximum stay.
  • Visa on arrival if traveling for medical treatment for Female or Male older than 50 years and younger than 15 years.
 Kazakhstan Visa required[103]
  • Visitors arriving from a country without Kazakh representation and holding an invitation letter, can obtain a single entry visa on arrival for a max. stay of 1 month.
 Kenya Visa required[104]
  • Applications are referred to the director general of Immigration Services in Nairobi for approval.
 Kiribati Visa required[105]
 North Korea Visa required[106]
 South Korea Visa required[107]
 Kuwait Visa required[108]
  • Passengers with a confirmation that a visa has been approved before departure can collect their original visa at immigration counter.
 Kyrgyzstan eVisa[109]
 Laos Visa required[111]
 Latvia Visa required[112]
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[113] 30 days
  • Extendable for 3 months
 Lesotho eVisa[114][115]
 Liberia Visa required[116]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Libya Visa required[117]
 Liechtenstein Visa required[118]
 Lithuania Visa required[119]
 Luxembourg Visa required[120]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[121] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa[122][123] 30 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[124] 30 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[125] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[126]
 Malta Visa required[127]
 Marshall Islands Visa required[128]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[129]
 Mauritius Visa required[130]
 Mexico Visa required[131]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 180 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada and Japan.
 Micronesia Visa not required[132] 30 days
 Moldova Visa required[133]
  • Citizens holding a residence permit or a valid visa issued by one of the member states of the European Union or one of the parties to the Schengen Agreement can apply for an electronic visa.[134]
  • Invitation letter holders may apply for a visa electronically.
 Monaco Visa required[135]
 Mongolia Visa required[136]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Montenegro Visa required[137]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 30 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, Ireland and the United States.
 Morocco Visa required[138]
 Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival[139][140] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa required[141]
  • Passengers with a letter of approval issued by the Ministry of Hotels and Tourism can obtain a visa on arrival
 Namibia Visa required[142]
 Nauru Visa required[143]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
   Nepal Visa required[144]
 Netherlands Visa required[145]
 New Zealand Visa required[146]
  • Iraqi S series passports are unacceptable, and visas will not be endorsed in them.[147]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[148]
 Nicaragua Visa required[149]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United States and Canada.
 Niger Visa required[150]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival
 Nigeria eVisa[151][152] 90 days
  • Holders of written e-Visa approval issued by Immigration Authority can obtain a visa on arrival, provided holding a visa application form and e-Visa application payment receipt and holding an invitation letter from Nigerian company accepting immigration responsibilities.
 North Macedonia Visa required[153]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 15 days for valid visa holders of the Schengen Area member states.
 Macau Visa required[154]
 Norway Visa required[155]
 Oman Visa required[156]
 Pakistan Online Visa[157] 3 months
  • Online Visa eligible.[158]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[159]
 Palau Free visa on arrival[160] 30 days
 Panama Visa required[161]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 30 days for valid visa holders or residents of Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada.
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[162]
 Paraguay Visa required[163]
 Peru Visa required[164]
 Philippines Visa required[165]
 Poland Visa required[166]

Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the POLISH CONSULATE IN ERBIL

 Portugal Visa required[167]
  • Portugal does not have an Embassy in Iraq
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at VFS GLOBAL IN ERBIL
 Qatar eVisa[168][169]
  • Travelers can apply for a visa on the Hayya website.
 Romania Visa required[170]
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the ROMANIAN EMBASSY IN ANKARA or the ROMANIAN CONSULATE IN ERBIL
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days within 180 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states.
 Russia Visa required[171]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[172] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis eVisa[173]
 Saint Lucia Visa required[174]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa required[175]
 Samoa Visa not required[176] 60 days
 San Marino Visa required[177]
  • Same rules as for Italy. No border control but accessible only via Italy.
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[178][179]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[180]
 Senegal Visa required[181]
  • Visa not required for Passengers with an official invitation letter.
 Serbia Visa required[182]
  • Visa free for a maximum stay of 90 days within 180 days for valid visa holders or residents of the Schengen Area member states, the United Kingdom, Ireland and the United States.
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[183] 3 months
 Sierra Leone eVisa[184][185][186] 3 months
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival
 Singapore Visa required[187]
 Slovakia Visa required[188]
 Slovenia Visa required[189]
 Solomon Islands Visa required[190]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Somalia Visa on arrival[191] 30 days
  • Available at Bosaso, Galcaio and Mogadishu airports.
 South Africa Visa required[192]
  • SOUTH AFRICA does not have an Embassy in Iraq
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the SOUTH AFRICAN EMBASSY IN AMMAN
 South Ossetia Visa required[193]
  • Obtainable online[194]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[194]
 Spain Visa required[195]
  • Iraqi Citizens can apply for visa at the Spanish embassy in Baghdad
  • Iraqi Kurdistan Citizens can apply for visa at ALVARO TRAVEL COMPANY IN ERBIL OR the SPANISH EMBASSY IN ANKARA OR the SPANISH CONSULATE IN ISTANBUL via BLS INTERNATIONAL
 Sri Lanka ETA / Visa on arrival[196] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[197]
  • Passengers with an "Entry Permit" issued by the Sudanese Ministry of Interior can obtain a visa on arrival.
 South Sudan eVisa[198]
 Suriname Visa not required[199] 90 days
  • An entrance fee of 25 USD or 25 Euros must be paid online prior to arrival.[200]
 Sweden Visa required[201]
  Switzerland Visa required[202]
 Syria Visa required[203]
  • Conditional VoA can be obtained.
 Tajikistan eVisa[204]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Tanzania Visa required[205][206]
 Thailand Visa required[207]
 Taiwan Visa required[208]
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[209] 30 days
 Togo eVisa[210][211] 15 days
 Tonga Visa required[212]
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa required[213]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Tunisia Visa required[214]
  • Visa not required for passengers traveling on an organized tour.
 Turkey Visa required[215]
  • Holders of a valid visa or residence permit from Schengen area countries, Ireland, the United Kingdom or the United States can apply for e-visa at Airports only.
 Turkmenistan Visa required[216]
  • Conditional VoA can be obtained.
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[217] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa[218] 3 months
  • Determined at the port of entry.
  • May apply online.[219]
 Ukraine Visa required[220]
 United Arab Emirates Visa required[221]
  • May apply using 'Smart service'.[222]
 United Kingdom Visa required[223]
 United States Visa required[224]
 Uruguay Visa required[225]
 Uzbekistan Visa required[226]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Vanuatu Visa required[227]
  Vatican City Visa required[228]
  • Schengen Visa Required. Entry can be made from Italy exclusively.
 Venezuela Visa required[229]
 Vietnam eVisa[230][231]
 Yemen Visa required[232]
 Zambia Visa not required[233] 90 days
  • for tourism purposes only
 Zimbabwe eVisa[234] 3 months

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[235] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination
Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[236] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[237]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[238][239]

An increasing number of countries have been imposing additional COVID-19 related health restrictions such as quarantine measures and testing requirements. Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[240]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[241][242] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[243]

Some countries, such as Japan,[244] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[245] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[246] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[247] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[248] Philippines,[249] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[250]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[251] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[252] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata
Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[253]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[254] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[255] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[256] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[257] Lebanon,[258] Libya,[259] Syria,[260] and Yemen[261] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics
See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[262]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[263][264] Argentina,[265] Brunei, Cambodia,[266] China,[267] Ethiopia,[268] Ghana, Guinea,[269] India, Japan,[270][271] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[272] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[273] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[274] Singapore, South Korea,[275] Taiwan, Thailand,[276] Uganda,[277] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[278][279][280] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[281]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[282] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[283][284]

See also

References and Notes
References
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  2. Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. "Albania eVisa".
  5. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  6. Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  7. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  8. Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  9. "Antigua and Barbuda eVisa".
  10. Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  11. Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  12. Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  13. Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  14. Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  15. eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  16. Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  17. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  18. Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  19. Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  20. Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
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  23. Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
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  32. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  33. "Burkina Faso eVisa".
  34. "MINISTERE DE LA SECURITE PUBLIQUE, DIRECTION GENERALE DE LA POLICE NATIONALE, COMISSARIAT GENERAL DE LA POLICE DE L'AIR, DES FRONTIERES ET DES ETRANGERS NOTE CIRCULAIRE DU 17/02/2015". Archived from the original on 2014-07-22. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
  35. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  38. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  39. "CAMEROON eVISA".
  40. Passengers with a confirmation that a visa has been approved before departure and issued by "Le Delegue General de la Surete" can obtain a visa on arrival
  41. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  42. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  43. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  44. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  46. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  47. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  49. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  51. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  53. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  54. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  55. Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  56. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  59. Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  60. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  61. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  62. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  63. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  64. "Ecuador Online visa".
  65. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  66. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  67. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  68. "eVisa - Equatorial Guinea".
  69. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  70. Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  71. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  72. "Ethiopia electronic visa".
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  75. Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
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  92. Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
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  96. Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
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  118. Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  119. Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  120. Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
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  135. Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  136. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  140. "Mozambique eVisa".
  141. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  145. Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
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  152. "NIGERIA IMMIGRATION SERVICE".
  153. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  155. Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  156. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  157. "Online visa system of Pakistan". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
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  159. "Business Visa in Your Inbox". Archived from the original on 2019-05-01. Retrieved 2019-05-04.
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  166. Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  167. Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  168. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  169. "Qatar Hayya".
  170. Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  171. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  177. Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
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  185. "VISA ON ARRIVAL".
  186. "SIERRA LEONE eVISA".
  187. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  188. Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
  189. Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
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  195. Entry requirements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain.
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  199. "Suriname E-Visa | VFS Global | Official partner of the Government of Suriname". Archived from the original on 2019-05-02. Retrieved 2019-05-04.
  200. "Entry-fee".
  201. List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  202. Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
  203. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  204. "Tajikistan visa". Visa.gov.tj. Archived from the original on 21 January 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  205. "Tanzania eVisa - Guidelines".
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  211. "Togo eVisa".
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  219. Uganda Electronic Visa/Permit Application System
  220. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  221. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  222. "Browse Smart Service".
  223. UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  224. Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  225. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  231. "Vietnam eVisa".
  232. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  235. "Country Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
  236. "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
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  243. "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
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  245. "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
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  262. Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
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  267. "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
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  272. "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
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  278. Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  279. Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  280. Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  281. Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
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  283. "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  284. "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
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