Visa requirements for Tuvaluan citizens

Unrecognised or partially recognised countries

Territory	Conditions of access	Notes
Abkhazia	Visa not required[210]	90 days
Kosovo	Visa not required[211]	90 days
Northern Cyprus	Visa not required[212]
Nagorno-Karabakh	Visa required[213]	Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[214]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic		Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
Palestine	Visa not required[215]	Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[216]
Somaliland	Visa on arrival	30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[217][218]
South Ossetia	Visa not required[219]	Multiple entry visa to Russia and three day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[220][221]
Taiwan	Visa not required[222]	90 days
Transnistria	Visa not required[223]	Registration required after 24h.[224][225]

Dependent and autonomous territories

Territory	Conditions of access	Notes
China
Hong Kong	Visa not required[226]	90 days
Macau	Visa on arrival[227]	30 days
Denmark
Faroe Islands	Visa not required[228]
Greenland	Visa not required[229]
France
French Guiana	Visa required[230]
French Polynesia	Visa not required[231]
French West Indies	Visa required	Visa free for overseas departments of Guadeloupe and Martinique Visa required for overseas collectivities of Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin
Mayotte	Visa required[232]
New Caledonia	Visa not required[233]
Réunion	Visa required[234]
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Visa required[235]
Wallis and Futuna	Visa not required[236]	3 months
Netherlands
Aruba	Visa required[237]
Caribbean Netherlands	Visa required[238]	Includes Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba.
Curaçao	Visa required[239]
Sint Maarten	Visa required[240]
New Zealand
Cook Islands	Visa not required[241]	31 days
Niue	Visa not required[242]	30 days
Tokelau	Visa required[243]
United Kingdom
Akrotiri and Dhekelia	Visa not required[244]	Stays longer than 28 days per 12-month period require a permit.[245]
Anguilla	Visa not required[246]	3 months
Bermuda	Visa not required[247]
British Indian Ocean Territory	Special permit required	Special permit required.[248]
British Virgin Islands	Visa not required[249]
Cayman Islands	Visa not required[250]
Falkland Islands	Visa required[251]
Gibraltar	Visa not required[252]
Guernsey	Visa not required[253]
Isle of Man	Visa not required[254]
Jersey	Visa not required[255]
Montserrat	Visa not required[256]
Pitcairn Islands	Visa not required	14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[257][258][259]
Ascension Island	eVisa[260][261]	3 months within any year period
Saint Helena	Visitor's Pass required	Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[262]
Tristan da Cunha	Permission required	Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[263]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	Permit required	Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[264][265]
Turks and Caicos Islands	Visa required[266]	Holders of a valid visa issued by Canada, United Kingdom or the USA do not require a visa for a maximum stay of 90 days.
United States
American Samoa	Visa required[267]
Guam	Visa required[268]
Northern Mariana Islands	Visa required[269]
Puerto Rico	Visa required[270]
U.S. Virgin Islands	Visa required[271]
Antarctica and adjacent islands
Special permits required for  Bouvet Island,  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[272][273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283]

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[284] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[285] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[286]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[287][288]

An increasing number of countries have been imposing additional COVID-19 related health restrictions such as quarantine measures and testing requirements. Many countries increasingly consider the vaccination status of travellers with regard to quarantine requirements or when deciding to allow them entry at all.[289]

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[290][291] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[292]

Some countries, such as Japan,[293] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[294] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[295] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[296] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[297] Philippines,[298] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[299]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[300] and South Africa.

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[301] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[302]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[303] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[304] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[305] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[306] Lebanon,[307] Libya,[308] Syria,[309] and Yemen[310] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[311]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[312][313] Argentina,[314] Brunei, Cambodia,[315] China,[316] Ethiopia,[317] Ghana, Guinea,[318] India, Japan,[319][320] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[321] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[322] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[323] Singapore, South Korea,[324] Taiwan, Thailand,[325] Uganda,[326] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[327][328][329] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[330]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[331] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[332][333] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[334] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[335][336]