Peba–Yaguan languages

Paul Rivet had suggested that the Peba–Yaguan family divided into two branches, with Yameo in one branch, and Peba and Yagua in the other. There is extremely little documentation of Yameo and Peba, both of which are now extinct, though the town Pebas on the Amazon River clearly takes its name from this group of people. The available documentation is largely due to the efforts of early Catholic missionaries, summarized by Paul Rivet.

Loukotka (1968) also lists Masamae (Mazán, Parara), spoken the Mazán River in Loreto Department, Peru. It is most closely related to Yameo.[1]

Jolkesky (2016) groups Peba and Yameo in one branch, and Yagua in another separate branch.[2]

There is no sound scientific evidence yet that the Peba–Yaguan family is related to any other family or stock of South America (in particular, there is no evidence for grouping it with Cariban languages). There has likely been contact between the Yaguas and Bora–Witotoan peoples, perhaps particularly during the era of the rubber-trade; this may account for some structural similarities between the languages (Payne, forthcoming). Kaufman (2007) includes Sabela, Taushiro, and Omurano in his Yawan family.

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Kwaza, Zaparoan, and Nambikwaran language families due to contact.[2]

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[1]

gloss	Yagua	Peba	Yameo	Masamae
one	tékí	tomätaira	pwitér	poetinten
two	nanoxõ	monomoira	narámue
three	mungoá	tamoimansa	pwiterorineo
head	ori-nó	rai-no	wi-nátu	nato
ear	o-tsiwá	mi-tiwa	wi-tíwẽ
tooth	o-xaná	vi-ala	wi-é
man	wánu	komoley	awára
fire	[h]ená	föla	óle	aule
sun	iñi	remelané	natéra	raitará
earth	mokané	kapalé	pópo	popo
maize	lelú	lolú	ogung
tapir	nechá	ameisha	náse

• Powlison, P. (1995). Diccionario Yagua - Castellano. (Serie Lingüística Peruana, 35). Lima: Ministerio de Educación and Summer Institute of Linguistics.