Ampelovirus

Ampelovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Closteroviridae.[1] Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 13 species in this genus.[1] Diseases associated with this genus include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem.[1][2][3]

Ampelovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Martellivirales
Family: Closteroviridae
Genus: Ampelovirus

Taxonomy

The following species are assigned to the genus:[3]

  • Air potato ampelovirus 1
  • Blackberry vein banding-associated virus
  • Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1
  • Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3
  • Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4
  • Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 13
  • Little cherry virus 2
  • Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 1
  • Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 2
  • Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 3
  • Pistachio ampelovirus A
  • Plum bark necrosis stem pitting-associated virus
  • Yam asymptomatic virus 1

Structure

Viruses in the genus Ampelovirus are non-enveloped, with flexuous and Filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 10-13 nm, with a length of 1400-2200 nm. Genomes are linear, around 17.9kb in length. The genome codes for 13 proteins.[1][2]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
AmpelovirusFilamentousNon-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical.[1][2]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
AmpelovirusPlantsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: insects

References
  1. "ICTV Report Closteroviridae".
  2. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
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