Caulimovirus

Caulimovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caulimoviridae order Ortervirales. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: vein-clearing or banding mosaic.[1][2]

Caulimovirus
TEM micrograph of CaMV virions
bar scale equals 100 nm
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Pararnavirae
Phylum: Artverviricota
Class: Revtraviricetes
Order: Ortervirales
Family: Caulimoviridae
Genus: Caulimovirus

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species:[2]

  • Angelica bushy stunt virus
  • Atractylodes mild mottle virus
  • Carnation etched ring virus
  • Cauliflower mosaic virus
  • Dahlia mosaic virus
  • Figwort mosaic virus
  • Horseradish latent virus
  • Lamium leaf distortion virus
  • Mirabilis mosaic virus
  • Soybean Putnam virus
  • Strawberry vein banding virus
  • Thistle mottle virus

Structure

Viruses in Caulimovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7, T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 50 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented. The genome codes for 6 to 7 proteins.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
CaulimovirusIcosahedralT=7Non-envelopedCircularMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear/cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA-RT replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA-RT transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by ribosomal shunting. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (aphid insects). Transmission routes are mechanical.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
CaulimovirusPlantsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementNucleusCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: aphids

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
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