Empagliflozin/linagliptin

Empagliflozin/linagliptin, sold under the brand name Glyxambi, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes.[5][6] It is a combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin.[5][6] It is taken by mouth.[5][6]

Empagliflozin/linagliptin
Combination of
EmpagliflozinSGLT2 inhibitor
LinagliptinDPP-4 inhibitor
Clinical data
Trade namesGlyxambi
AHFS/Drugs.comProfessional Drug Facts
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
UNII
KEGG
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC48H55ClN8O9
Molar mass923.47 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • CC#CCN1C2=C(N=C1N3CCCC(C3)N)N(C(=O)N(C2=O)CC4=NC5=CC=CC=C5C(=N4)C)C.COC1C(C(C(C(O1)C2=CC(=C(C=C2)Cl)CC3=CC=C(C=C3)OC4CCOC4)O)O)O
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C25H28N8O2.C23H27ClO7/c1-4-5-13-32-21-22(29-24(32)31-12-8-9-17(26)14-31)30(3)25(35)33(23(21)34)15-20-27-16(2)18-10-6-7-11-19(18)28-20;1-28-23-21(27)19(25)20(26)22(31-23)14-4-7-18(24)15(11-14)10-13-2-5-16(6-3-13)30-17-8-9-29-12-17/h6-7,10-11,17H,8-9,12-15,26H2,1-3H3;2-7,11,17,19-23,25-27H,8-10,12H2,1H3/t17-;17-,19+,20+,21-,22-,23-/m10/s1
  • Key:POMOOZUJAXCEKG-QPVQWCQSSA-N
  (verify)

The most common side effects include urinary infections, nasopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infections .[5][6]

It was approved for use in the United States in January 2015,[7][8] for use in the European Union in November 2016,[6] and for use in Australia in December 2016.[2]

Medical uses

In the United States empagliflozin/linagliptin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease.[5]

In the European Union empagliflozin/linagliptin is indicated in adults aged 18 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus:[6]

  • to improve glycemic control when metformin and/or sulphonylurea (SU) and empagliflozin or linagliptin do not provide adequate glycemic control;[6]
  • when already being treated with the free combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin.[6]

Adverse effects

The most common side effects include urinary infections, nasopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infections .[5][6] The most serious side effects include ketoacidosis (high blood levels of acids called ‘ketoacids’), pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), hypersensitivity (allergic reactions) and hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels).[6]

History

The combination preparation was developed and is marketed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company under the brand name Glyxambi.[9]

References
  1. "Empagliflozin / linagliptin (Glyxambi) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 29 November 2018. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  2. "Summary for ARTG Entry: 263557 Glyxambi 25 mg/5 mg empagliflozin/linagliptin 25mg/5mg film coated tablet blister pack". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA).
  3. "Glyxambi 10 mg/5 mg Film-coated Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 18 December 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  4. "Glyxambi 25 mg/5 mg Film-coated Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 18 December 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  5. "Glyxambi- empagliflozin and linagliptin tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 22 January 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  6. "Glyxambi EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Retrieved 3 April 2020. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  7. "Glyxambi (empagliflozin and linagliptin) tablets". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 11 April 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  8. "Glyxambi: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  9. Raedler LA (March 2015). "Glyxambi (Empagliflozin/Linagliptin): A Dual-Acting Oral Medication Approved for the Treatment of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes". Am Health Drug Benefits. 8 (Spec Feature): 171–5. PMC 4665058. PMID 26629285.

Further reading


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