Salivirus

Salivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Picornaviridae. Human and chimpanzee serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Salivirus A. Diseases associated with this genus include: probably gastroenteritis.[1][2]

Salivirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Pisoniviricetes
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Picornaviridae
Genus: Salivirus

Structure

Viruses in Salivirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 6-8kb in length.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
SalivirusIcosahedralPseudo T=3Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the virus to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and viroporins. Human and chimpanzee serve as the natural host.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
SalivirusHuman, chimpanzeeNoneCell receptor endocytosisLysisCytoplasmCytoplasmUnknown

Pathogenesis

The virus has been isolated from diarrheal specimens. But the role of the virus in the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis was ambiguous. Meta-analysis showed that the virus is not associated with gastroenteritis.[3]

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
  3. Kesheh, Mina Mobini; Khatami, Alireza; Saadati, Hassan; Jabbari, Mahdi; Razizadeh, Mohammad Hossein; Fatemipour, Maryam; Ghorbani, Saied; Soleimani, Alireza (21 April 2021). "Salivirus infection: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of association with gastrointestinal symptoms in children". Reviews in Medical Virology. doi:10.1002/rmv.2238.
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