Veillonella

Veillonella are Gram-negative bacteria (Gram stain pink) anaerobic cocci, unlike most Bacillota, which are Gram-positive bacteria.[1] This bacterium is well known for its lactate fermenting abilities. It is a normal bacterium in the intestines and oral mucosa of mammals. In humans they have been implicated in cases of osteomyelitis and endocarditis, for example with the species Veillonella parvula.

Veillonella
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Bacillota
Class:
Negativicutes
Order:
Vellionellales
Family:
Veillonellaceae
Genus:
Veillonella

Prévot 1933
Type species
Veillonella parvula
(Veillon & Zuber 1898) Prévot 1933
Species

See text

Synonyms

"Syzygiococcus" Herzberg 1928

Veillonella dispar is the most nitrate-reducing bacterium in the oral cavity, which is beneficially anti-bacterial.[2]

When Veillonella is responsible for clinical infections in humans, it should be kept in mind that more than 70% of the strains are resistant to penicillin.[3]

Fermentation

Lactate is fermented to propionate and acetate by the methylmalonyl-CoA pathway. Little ATP is produced in this fermentation. High substrate affinity is suggested to be the reason.

3 Lactate → acetate + 2 propionate + CO
2+ H
2O

A study of Veillonella in endurance athletes found that a relative abundance of the bacteria in the gut is associated with increased treadmill run time performance. This effect was demonstrated to be due to the organism's propionate metabolite produced from lactic acid.[4]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[5] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[6]

16S rRNA based LTP_01_2022[7][8][9] 120 marker proteins based GTDB 07-RS207[10][11][12]
 
 

V. montpellierensis Jumas-Bilak et al. 2004

 
 
 
 

V. magna Kraatz and Taras 2008

 
 
 

V. criceti (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982

 
 

V. ratti (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982 emend. Kraatz and Taras 2008

 
 
 
 
 

V. caviae Mays et al. 1982

 
 
 
 

V. dispar (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982

 
 

V. infantium Mashima et al. 2018

 
 
 
 
 

V. tobetsuensis Mashima et al. 2013

 
 
 

V. parvula (Veillon and Zuber 1898) Prévot 1933 Mays et al. 1982

 
 

V. rogosae Arif et al. 2008

 
 
 
 
 

V. atypica (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982

 
 
 

V. denticariosi Byun et al. 2007

 
 

V. rodentium (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

V. magna

 
 
 

V. criceti

 
 
 

V. ratti

 
 

V. seminalis Aujoulat et al. 2014

 
 
 
 
 
 

V. montpellierensis

 
 
 
 

V. caviae

 
 
 

V. atypica

 
 

V. tobetsuensis

 
 
 
 
 
 

V. denticariosi

 
 

V. rodentium

 
 
 
 
 

V. parvula

 
 

V. rogosae

 
 
 
 

V. dispar

 
 
 

V. infantium

 
 

V. nakazawae Mishima et al. 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Unassigned species:

  • "V. agrestimuris" Afrizal et al. 2022
  • "Ca. V. atypica" Drancourt et al. 2004 non (Rogosa 1965) Mays et al. 1982
  • "V. fallax" Afrizal et al. 2022
  • "V. intestinalis" Afrizal et al. 2022
  • "V. massiliensis" Togo et al. 2017
  • "V. variabilis" Magrassi 1944

See also

References
  1. Megrian D, Taib N, Witwinowski J, Gribaldo S (2020). "One or two membranes? Diderm Firmicutes challenge the Gram-positive/Gram-negative divide". Molecular Microbiology. 113 (3): 659–671. doi:10.1111/mmi.14469. PMID 31975449.
  2. Mitsui T, Saito M, Harasawa R (2018). "Salivary nitrate-nitrite conversion capacity after nitrate ingestion and incidence of Veillonella spp. in elderly individuals". Journal of Oral Science. 60 (3): 405–410. doi:10.2334/josnusd.17-0337. PMID 30101819.
  3. Di Bella, Stefano; Antonello, Roberta Maria; Sanson, Gianfranco; Maraolo, Alberto Enrico; Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto; Sepulcri, Chiara; Ambretti, Simone; Aschbacher, Richard; Bartolini, Laura; Bernardo, Mariano; Bielli, Alessandra (June 2022). "Anaerobic bloodstream infections in Italy (ITANAEROBY): A 5-year retrospective nationwide survey". Anaerobe. 75: 102583. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102583.
  4. Scheiman, Jonathan; Luber, Jacob M.; Chavkin, Theodore A.; MacDonald, Tara; Tung, Angela; Pham, Loc-Duyen; Wibowo, Marsha C.; Wurth, Renee C.; Punthambaker, Sukanya; Tierney, Braden T.; Yang, Zhen; Hattab, Mohammad W.; Avila-Pacheco, Julian; Clish, Clary B.; Lessard, Sarah; Church, George M.; Kostic, Aleksandar D. (24 June 2019). "Meta-omics analysis of elite athletes identifies a performance-enhancing microbe that functions via lactate metabolism". Nature Medicine. 25 (7): 1104–1109. doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0485-4. PMC 7368972. PMID 31235964.
  5. J.P. Euzéby. "Veillonella". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  6. Sayers; et al. "Veillonella". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  7. "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  8. "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  9. "LTP_01_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  10. "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  11. "bac120_r207.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  12. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.

Further reading
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.