丘

See also: 丠 and 坵
丘 U+4E18, 丘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E18
← 丗
[U+4E17] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丙 →
[U+4E19]

Translingual

Han character

丘 (radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人一 (OM), four-corner 72101, composition ⿱斤一)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 77, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33
  • Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 17, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E18

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 丘
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j19598

j19599

j19600

j19601

j19602

j19603

j19604

j19605

j19606

j19607

j19608

j19609

j19610

j19611

j19612

j19613

j19614

j19615

j19616

j19618

j19619

j19620

j19621

j19622

j19623

Bronze inscriptions

b12629

b12630

b12631

b12632

b12633

Small seal script

s05951

s05952

Transcribed ancient scripts

L11667

L11668

L11669

L11670

L11671

L11672

L11673

L11674

L11675

L11676

L11677

L11678

L11679

L11680

L11665

L11666

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丘 *kʰʷɯ
邱 *kʰʷɯ
蚯 *kʰʷɯ
丠 *kʰʷɯ

Ideogram (指事) – hill. Earlier form closer to 丠, as in 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa). Compare 山.

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 丘
variant forms
 
丠
𠀉
㐀
𡊣
坵
𠀌

Wang (1982) relates this word to 墟 (xū) "ruin-mound". However, Schuessler (2007) disagrees.

Schuessler considers two homophones 丘, "hill, mound" & 丘 "village, district" to be the same word as settlements were often built on elevated grounds (for a parallel see 京 (jīng)) and traces this word's etymology to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”); within Sinitic, 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) is cognate with 里 (OC *rɯʔ) "village" & 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • khu - vernacular;
  • khiu - literary.
Note:
  • ku1 - vernacular;
  • kiu1 - literary.
Rime
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 去鳩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰiu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰuw/
Li
Rong		 /kʰiu/
Wang
Li		 /kʰĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiū
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khjuw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʷʰə/
English hill, mound

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丘
Reading # 1/1
No. 10523
Phonetic
component		 丘
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 丘
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰʷɯ/

Definitions

丘

  1. mound; hill
  2. grave
  3. to place a coffin in a temporary shelter pending burial
  4. (dialectal) Classifier for fields: plot

Usage notes

See 邱 (qiū).

See also
  • (hills): 山 (shān)

Compounds
Derived terms from 丘

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 丘

Pronunciation

Definitions

丘

  1. A surname​.

Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 坵 (“mound; hill; plot”).
(This character, 丘, is the simplified form of 坵.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji
丘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
丘
おか
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative forms
  • (less common) 岡
  • (less common) 壟

Noun

丘 (hiragana おか, rōmaji oka)

  1. hill
    丘 (おか)を下 (くだ)る
    oka o kudaru
    to go down a hill

Korean

Hanja

丘 • (gu)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 구 (revised: gu, McCune–Reischauer: ku)
    • Name (hangeul): 언덕 (revised: eondeok, McCune–Reischauer: ǒndǒk)
  1. hill

References

Kunigami

Kanji

丘

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 丘 (おか, oka).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɸaːi/

Noun

丘 (hiragana ふぁーい, romaji fāi)

  1. hill

Vietnamese

Han character

丘 (khâu, kheo, khưu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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