化身
Chinese
to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform |
body; torso; person; life; status; pregnancy; (a measure word used for clothes) suit | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (化身) |
化 | 身 | |
Etymology
Calque of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྤྲུལ་སྐུ (sprul sku).
Pronunciation
Noun
化身
- (Buddhism) avatar; reincarnation
- (figuratively) living embodiment; reincarnation; personification
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 化 | 身 |
| け Grade: 3 |
しん Grade: 3 |
| on’yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 化身 (MC hˠuaH ɕiɪn, “transformation + body”), itself a translation of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”).[1]
Very rarely encountered with the reading kashin,[2] using the kan'on reading of ka for the 化 character instead of the usual goon reading of ke. Most resources do not include the kashin reading.[1][3][4][5][6][7]
Pronunciation
- Very rarely encountered with the reading kashin, which might be considered as proscribed by some.
Noun
化身 (hiragana けしん, rōmaji keshin)
- (Buddhism) one of the three trikāya: a physical incarnation of someone, such as Gautama Buddha
- (Buddhism, Shinto) a physical manifestation of a Buddha, bodhisattva, kami, or other divine or mystical being
- (figuratively) an embodiment or incarnation of something
- Kurumada, Masami, “
戦 え！女神 のもとでの巻 [Fight! Under Athena]”, inSaint 星 矢 [Saint Seiya], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 30:- 木戸沙織が女神の化身⁉
- Kido Saori ga Atena no keshin⁉
- Saori Kido is an incarnation of Athena⁉
- 木戸沙織が女神の化身⁉
-
- (drama) a ghastly apparition in kabuki or other drama
Conjugation
Conjugation of "化身する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 化身し | けしんし | keshin shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 化身し | けしんし | keshin shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 化身する | けしんする | keshin suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 化身する | けしんする | keshin suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 化身すれ | けしんすれ | keshin sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 化身せよ¹ 化身しろ² |
けしんせよ¹ けしんしろ² |
keshin seyo¹ keshin shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 化身される | けしんされる | keshin sareru | |
| Causative | 化身させる 化身さす |
けしんさせる けしんさす |
keshin saseru keshin sasu | |
| Potential | 化身できる | けしんできる | keshin dekiru | |
| Volitional | 化身しよう | けしんしよう | keshin shiyō | |
| Negative | 化身しない | けしんしない | keshin shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 化身せず | けしんせず | keshin sezu | |
| Formal | 化身します | けしんします | keshin shimasu | |
| Perfective | 化身した | けしんした | keshin shita | |
| Conjunctive | 化身して | けしんして | keshin shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 化身すれば | けしんすれば | keshin sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- “化身”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- WWWJDIC, relevant entry here
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