寒暄

Chinese

cold; poor; to tremble genial and warm
simp. and trad.
(寒暄)
variant forms 寒喧

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (33) (32)
Final () (61) (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division () I III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɑn/ /hʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦɑn/ /hʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɑn/ /xiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦan/ /huan/
Li
Rong
/ɣɑn/ /xiuɐn/
Wang
Li
/ɣɑn/ /xĭwɐn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣɑn/ /xi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hán xuān
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
hán
Middle
Chinese
‹ han ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁa[n]/
English cold

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 4870 14012
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaːn/ /*qʰʷan/
Notes

Noun

寒暄

  1. (literary) cold and warm
  2. (literary, figuratively) cold and warm seasons; years

Verb

寒暄

  1. (literary) to enquire about another person's well-being (i.e. to inquire if they are feeling cold or warm)
  2. (now commonly) to exchange pleasantries; to make small talk; to exchange greetings

Derived terms

  • 寒暄書寒暄书

See also

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